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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Altered Diffusion in the Frontal Lobe in Parkinson Disease" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A0850" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2008-03-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by basal ganglia abnormalities. However, there are neurodegenerative changes in PD that extend beyond the basal ganglia and that are not sufficiently evaluated with standard MR imaging. The aim of this study was to characterize whole-brain gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) changes in PD by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen control and 12 subjects with nondemented PD were examined by using DTI and 3D anatomic T1-weighted images. Statistical parametric mapping analyses of DTI and anatomic images were performed. Patients were evaluated with a variety of neurocognitive measures and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) OFF (cessation of medication) and ON (taking medications as normal) their antiparkinsonian medications.

RESULTS: The PD participants had dopa-responsive features as ascertained by the UPDRS OFF versus ON medications and had no cognitive impairment. Decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) was observed in subjects with PD bilaterally in the frontal lobes, including the supplementary motor area, the presupplementary motor area, and the cingulum. There were no significant differences in mean diffusivity or GM/WM attenuation between PD subjects and controls.

CONCLUSION: Statistical parametric mapping analysis of DTI showed changes in FA in frontal areas without volume loss. These results confirm that the neurodegenerative process extends beyond the basal ganglia in PD." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.T. Karagulle Kendi" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Lehericy" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Luciana" />
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<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P. Tuite" />
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<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/b&gt; Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by basal ganglia abnormalities. However, there are neurodegenerative changes in PD that extend beyond the basal ganglia and that are not sufficiently evaluated with standard MR imaging. The aim of this study was to characterize whole-brain gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) changes in PD by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/b&gt; Thirteen control and 12 subjects with nondemented PD were examined by using DTI and 3D anatomic T1-weighted images. Statistical parametric mapping analyses of DTI and anatomic images were performed. Patients were evaluated with a variety of neurocognitive measures and the Unified Parkinson9s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) OFF (cessation of medication) and ON (taking medications as normal) their antiparkinsonian medications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/b&gt; The PD participants had dopa-responsive features as ascertained by the UPDRS OFF versus ON medications and had no cognitive impairment. Decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) was observed in subjects with PD bilaterally in the frontal lobes, including the supplementary motor area, the presupplementary motor area, and the cingulum. There were no significant differences in mean diffusivity or GM/WM attenuation between PD subjects and controls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION:&lt;/b&gt; Statistical parametric mapping analysis of DTI showed changes in FA in frontal areas without volume loss. These results confirm that the neurodegenerative process extends beyond the basal ganglia in PD.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Altered Diffusion in the Frontal Lobe in Parkinson Disease" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by basal ganglia abnormalities. However, there are neurodegenerative changes in PD that extend beyond the basal ganglia and that are not sufficiently evaluated with standard MR imaging. The aim of this study was to characterize whole-brain gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) changes in PD by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen control and 12 subjects with nondemented PD were examined by using DTI and 3D anatomic T1-weighted images. Statistical parametric mapping analyses of DTI and anatomic images were performed. Patients were evaluated with a variety of neurocognitive measures and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) OFF (cessation of medication) and ON (taking medications as normal) their antiparkinsonian medications.

RESULTS: The PD participants had dopa-responsive features as ascertained by the UPDRS OFF versus ON medications and had no cognitive impairment. Decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) was observed in subjects with PD bilaterally in the frontal lobes, including the supplementary motor area, the presupplementary motor area, and the cingulum. There were no significant differences in mean diffusivity or GM/WM attenuation between PD subjects and controls.

CONCLUSION: Statistical parametric mapping analysis of DTI showed changes in FA in frontal areas without volume loss. These results confirm that the neurodegenerative process extends beyond the basal ganglia in PD." />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Altered Diffusion in the Frontal Lobe in Parkinson Disease" />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by basal ganglia abnormalities. However, there are neurodegenerative changes in PD that extend beyond the basal ganglia and that are not sufficiently evaluated with standard MR imaging. The aim of this study was to characterize whole-brain gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) changes in PD by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen control and 12 subjects with nondemented PD were examined by using DTI and 3D anatomic T1-weighted images. Statistical parametric mapping analyses of DTI and anatomic images were performed. Patients were evaluated with a variety of neurocognitive measures and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) OFF (cessation of medication) and ON (taking medications as normal) their antiparkinsonian medications.

RESULTS: The PD participants had dopa-responsive features as ascertained by the UPDRS OFF versus ON medications and had no cognitive impairment. Decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) was observed in subjects with PD bilaterally in the frontal lobes, including the supplementary motor area, the presupplementary motor area, and the cingulum. There were no significant differences in mean diffusivity or GM/WM attenuation between PD subjects and controls.

CONCLUSION: Statistical parametric mapping analysis of DTI showed changes in FA in frontal areas without volume loss. These results confirm that the neurodegenerative process extends beyond the basal ganglia in PD." />
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Altered Diffusion in the Frontal Lobe in Parkinson Disease</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">A.T. Karagulle Kendi</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">S. Lehericy</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">M. Luciana</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">K. Ugurbil</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">P. Tuite</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">March 2008,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">29 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(3) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">501-505; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A0850 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-7920--6790759692" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.T. Karagulle Kendi </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.T.%2BKaragulle%2BKendi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Karagulle%20Kendi%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.T.%2BKaragulle%2BKendi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S. Lehericy </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.%2BLehericy%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Lehericy%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.%2BLehericy%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Luciana </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BLuciana%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Luciana%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BLuciana%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">K. Ugurbil </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=K.%2BUgurbil%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Ugurbil%20K&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AK.%2BUgurbil%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">P. Tuite </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.%2BTuite%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Tuite%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.%2BTuite%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="section ref-list" id="ref-list-1"><h2>References</h2><ol class="cit-list"><li><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-1-1" title="View reference 1 in text" id="ref-1">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-other" id="cit-29.3.501.1" data-doi="10.1016/S1471-1931(00)00028-8"><div class="cit-metadata"><cite>Obeso JA, Rodriguez-Oroz MC, Rodriguez M, et al. <strong>Pathophysiology of the basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease.</strong> <span class="cit-source">Trends Neurosci</span> <span class="cit-pub-date">2000</span>;<span class="cit-vol">23</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">S8</span>–19</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/S1471-1931(00)00028-8&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a 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id="cit-29.3.501.3"><div class="cit-metadata"><cite>Tambasco N, Pelliccioli GP, Chiarini P, et al. <strong>Magnetization transfer changes of grey and white matter in Parkinson's disease.</strong> <span class="cit-source">Neuroradiology</span> <span class="cit-pub-date">2003</span>;<span class="cit-vol">45</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">224</span>–30</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=12687305&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F29%2F3%2F501.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=000182604900004&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-4-1" title="View reference 4 in text" id="ref-4">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-other" id="cit-29.3.501.4" data-doi="10.1097/01.wco.0000173141.74137.63"><div class="cit-metadata"><cite>Seppi K, Schocke MF. <strong>An update on conventional and advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques in the differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative parkinsonism.</strong> <span class="cit-source">Curr Opin Neurol</span> <span class="cit-pub-date">2005</span>;<span class="cit-vol">18</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">370</span>–75</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/01.wco.0000173141.74137.63&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=16003111&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F29%2F3%2F501.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=000231075100003&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><a 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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 29</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 3 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">March 2008 </div></div>
      
      
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