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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum: An MR Imaging Analysis of Associated Abnormalities in the Fetus" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A1331" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2009-02-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Anomalies associated with callosal agenesis (ACC) found postnatally have been well documented. However, to our knowledge, no detailed MR imaging analysis of associated anomalies has been reported in a large cohort of fetuses with ACC. This study will assess those anomalies and compare them with postnatal cohorts of ACC, to identify associated fetal brain abnormalities that may give insight into etiology and outcome.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: All cases of ACC diagnosed on fetal MR imaging during an 11-year period were retrospectively reviewed, including fetal MR imaging, postnatal MR imaging, and autopsy findings. Neurodevelopmental outcome was classified as poor in children with seizures and/or severe neurodevelopmental impairment or in cases of neonatal death.

RESULTS: Twenty-nine cases of ACC were identified. Median gestational age was 26.14 weeks (range, 19.71–36.43 weeks). Twenty-three fetuses had delayed sulcation and/or too-numerous cortical infoldings (abnormal morphology). Fifteen fetuses had cerebellar and/or brain stem abnormalities. Fetal MR imaging findings suggested a genetic syndrome in 5 fetuses and an acquired etiology or genetic/metabolic disorder in 2 fetuses. Findings were confirmed in 8 cases with postnatal MR imaging, except for delayed sulcation and small vermis, and in 4 cases with autopsy, except for periventricular nodular heterotopia and abnormalities in areas not examined by autopsy. Neurodevelopmental outcome was good in 7 and poor in 9 children. Abnormal sulcal morphology and/or infratentorial abnormalities were present in those with poor outcome and absent in those with good outcome.

CONCLUSIONS: ACC is infrequently isolated in fetuses. Abnormal sulcation is common and suggests more diffuse white matter dysgenesis in these fetuses." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P.H. Tang" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.I. Bartha" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.E. Norton" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.J. Barkovich" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="E.H. Sherr" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="O.A. Glenn" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2009-02-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="PEDIATRICS" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum: An MR Imaging Analysis of Associated Abnormalities in the Fetus" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/b&gt; Anomalies associated with callosal agenesis (ACC) found postnatally have been well documented. However, to our knowledge, no detailed MR imaging analysis of associated anomalies has been reported in a large cohort of fetuses with ACC. This study will assess those anomalies and compare them with postnatal cohorts of ACC, to identify associated fetal brain abnormalities that may give insight into etiology and outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/b&gt; All cases of ACC diagnosed on fetal MR imaging during an 11-year period were retrospectively reviewed, including fetal MR imaging, postnatal MR imaging, and autopsy findings. Neurodevelopmental outcome was classified as poor in children with seizures and/or severe neurodevelopmental impairment or in cases of neonatal death.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/b&gt; Twenty-nine cases of ACC were identified. Median gestational age was 26.14 weeks (range, 19.71–36.43 weeks). Twenty-three fetuses had delayed sulcation and/or too-numerous cortical infoldings (abnormal morphology). Fifteen fetuses had cerebellar and/or brain stem abnormalities. Fetal MR imaging findings suggested a genetic syndrome in 5 fetuses and an acquired etiology or genetic/metabolic disorder in 2 fetuses. Findings were confirmed in 8 cases with postnatal MR imaging, except for delayed sulcation and small vermis, and in 4 cases with autopsy, except for periventricular nodular heterotopia and abnormalities in areas not examined by autopsy. Neurodevelopmental outcome was good in 7 and poor in 9 children. Abnormal sulcal morphology and/or infratentorial abnormalities were present in those with poor outcome and absent in those with good outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/b&gt; ACC is infrequently isolated in fetuses. Abnormal sulcation is common and suggests more diffuse white matter dysgenesis in these fetuses.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum: An MR Imaging Analysis of Associated Abnormalities in the Fetus" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta name="twitter:image" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/default/files/highwire/ajnr/30/2.cover.gif" />
<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Anomalies associated with callosal agenesis (ACC) found postnatally have been well documented. However, to our knowledge, no detailed MR imaging analysis of associated anomalies has been reported in a large cohort of fetuses with ACC. This study will assess those anomalies and compare them with postnatal cohorts of ACC, to identify associated fetal brain abnormalities that may give insight into etiology and outcome.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: All cases of ACC diagnosed on fetal MR imaging during an 11-year period were retrospectively reviewed, including fetal MR imaging, postnatal MR imaging, and autopsy findings. Neurodevelopmental outcome was classified as poor in children with seizures and/or severe neurodevelopmental impairment or in cases of neonatal death.

RESULTS: Twenty-nine cases of ACC were identified. Median gestational age was 26.14 weeks (range, 19.71–36.43 weeks). Twenty-three fetuses had delayed sulcation and/or too-numerous cortical infoldings (abnormal morphology). Fifteen fetuses had cerebellar and/or brain stem abnormalities. Fetal MR imaging findings suggested a genetic syndrome in 5 fetuses and an acquired etiology or genetic/metabolic disorder in 2 fetuses. Findings were confirmed in 8 cases with postnatal MR imaging, except for delayed sulcation and small vermis, and in 4 cases with autopsy, except for periventricular nodular heterotopia and abnormalities in areas not examined by autopsy. Neurodevelopmental outcome was good in 7 and poor in 9 children. Abnormal sulcal morphology and/or infratentorial abnormalities were present in those with poor outcome and absent in those with good outcome.

CONCLUSIONS: ACC is infrequently isolated in fetuses. Abnormal sulcation is common and suggests more diffuse white matter dysgenesis in these fetuses." />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum: An MR Imaging Analysis of Associated Abnormalities in the Fetus" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/30/2/257" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Anomalies associated with callosal agenesis (ACC) found postnatally have been well documented. However, to our knowledge, no detailed MR imaging analysis of associated anomalies has been reported in a large cohort of fetuses with ACC. This study will assess those anomalies and compare them with postnatal cohorts of ACC, to identify associated fetal brain abnormalities that may give insight into etiology and outcome.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: All cases of ACC diagnosed on fetal MR imaging during an 11-year period were retrospectively reviewed, including fetal MR imaging, postnatal MR imaging, and autopsy findings. Neurodevelopmental outcome was classified as poor in children with seizures and/or severe neurodevelopmental impairment or in cases of neonatal death.

RESULTS: Twenty-nine cases of ACC were identified. Median gestational age was 26.14 weeks (range, 19.71–36.43 weeks). Twenty-three fetuses had delayed sulcation and/or too-numerous cortical infoldings (abnormal morphology). Fifteen fetuses had cerebellar and/or brain stem abnormalities. Fetal MR imaging findings suggested a genetic syndrome in 5 fetuses and an acquired etiology or genetic/metabolic disorder in 2 fetuses. Findings were confirmed in 8 cases with postnatal MR imaging, except for delayed sulcation and small vermis, and in 4 cases with autopsy, except for periventricular nodular heterotopia and abnormalities in areas not examined by autopsy. Neurodevelopmental outcome was good in 7 and poor in 9 children. Abnormal sulcal morphology and/or infratentorial abnormalities were present in those with poor outcome and absent in those with good outcome.

CONCLUSIONS: ACC is infrequently isolated in fetuses. Abnormal sulcation is common and suggests more diffuse white matter dysgenesis in these fetuses." />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node7643--5" data-node-nid="7643" id="top-node-7643--62007391423" data-pisa="ajnr;30/2/257" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A1331" data-apath="/ajnr/30/2/257.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum: An MR Imaging Analysis of Associated Abnormalities in the Fetus</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">P.H. Tang</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">A.I. Bartha</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">M.E. Norton</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">A.J. Barkovich</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">E.H. Sherr</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">O.A. Glenn</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">February 2009,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">30 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(2) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">257-263; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A1331 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-7643--62007391423" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">P.H. Tang </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.H.%2BTang%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Tang%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.H.%2BTang%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.I. 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Barkovich </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.J.%2BBarkovich%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Barkovich%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.J.%2BBarkovich%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">E.H. 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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="section ref-list" id="ref-list-1"><h2>References</h2><ol class="cit-list"><li><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-1-1" title="View reference 1 in text" id="ref-1">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-other" id="cit-30.2.257.1" data-doi="10.1002/cne.901320103"><div class="cit-metadata"><cite>Rakic P, Yakovlev P. <strong>Development of the corpus callosum and cavum septi in man.</strong> <span class="cit-source">J Comp Neurol</span> <span class="cit-pub-date">1968</span>;<span class="cit-vol">132</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">45</span>–72</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1002/cne.901320103&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=5293999&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F30%2F2%2F257.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=A1968A978100002&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-2-1" title="View reference 2 in text" id="ref-2">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-other" id="cit-30.2.257.2"><div class="cit-metadata"><cite>Barkovich AJ. <span class="cit-source">Pediatric Neuroimaging.</span> 4th ed. 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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 30</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 2 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">February 2009 </div></div>
      
      
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum: An MR Imaging Analysis of Associated Abnormalities in the Fetus</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Tang</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.I.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Bartha</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Norton</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Barkovich</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">E.H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Sherr</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">O.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Glenn</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Feb 2009, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">30 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(2) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">257-263; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A1331 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum: An MR Imaging Analysis of Associated Abnormalities in the Fetus</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Tang</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.I.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Bartha</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Norton</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Barkovich</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">E.H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Sherr</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">O.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Glenn</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Feb 2009, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">30 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(2) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">257-263; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A1331 </span></div>
  
  
  
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