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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Ethanol Embolization of Auricular Arteriovenous Malformations: Preliminary Results of 17 Cases" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A1687" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2009-10-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Because of the relatively rare and extremely varied clinical presentations, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) involving the auriculae are technically challenging clinical entities to diagnose and, ultimately, manage. The purpose of our study was to present our initial experience of ethanol embolization in a series of 17 patients with auricular AVMs and assess the interim therapeutic outcomes of this method.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study group consisted of 17 patients. Transcatheter arterial embolization and/or direct percutaneous puncture embolization were performed. Pure or diluted ethanol was manually injected. Follow-up evaluation was obtained on the basis of physical examination and angiography at 3- to 4-month intervals and telephone questionnaire at 1-month intervals in all patients.

RESULTS: During the 29 ethanol embolization procedures, the amount of ethanol used ranged from 4 to 65 mL. The obliteration of ulceration, hemorrhage, pain, infection, pulsation, and bruit in most of the patients was obtained. The reduction of redness, swelling, and warmth was achieved in all of the patients, and 15 of the patients achieved downstaging of the Schobinger status. According to the angiographic findings, AVMs were devascularized 100% in 3 patients, 76% to 99% in 5 patients, 50% to 75% in 6 patients, and less than 50% in 3 patients. The most common complications were reversible necrosis and blister.

CONCLUSIONS: Ethanol embolization has proved efficacious and safe in the treatment of auricular AVMs and has the potential to be accepted as the primary mode of therapy in the management of these lesions." />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="L.Z. Zheng" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="X.D. Fan" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.W. Zheng" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="L.X. Su" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2009-10-01" />
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<meta name="citation_title" content="Ethanol Embolization of Auricular Arteriovenous Malformations: Preliminary Results of 17 Cases" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Because of the relatively rare and extremely varied clinical presentations, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) involving the auriculae are technically challenging clinical entities to diagnose and, ultimately, manage. The purpose of our study was to present our initial experience of ethanol embolization in a series of 17 patients with auricular AVMs and assess the interim therapeutic outcomes of this method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Our study group consisted of 17 patients. Transcatheter arterial embolization and/or direct percutaneous puncture embolization were performed. Pure or diluted ethanol was manually injected. Follow-up evaluation was obtained on the basis of physical examination and angiography at 3- to 4-month intervals and telephone questionnaire at 1-month intervals in all patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;During the 29 ethanol embolization procedures, the amount of ethanol used ranged from 4 to 65 mL. The obliteration of ulceration, hemorrhage, pain, infection, pulsation, and bruit in most of the patients was obtained. The reduction of redness, swelling, and warmth was achieved in all of the patients, and 15 of the patients achieved downstaging of the Schobinger status. According to the angiographic findings, AVMs were devascularized 100% in 3 patients, 76% to 99% in 5 patients, 50% to 75% in 6 patients, and less than 50% in 3 patients. The most common complications were reversible necrosis and blister.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ethanol embolization has proved efficacious and safe in the treatment of auricular AVMs and has the potential to be accepted as the primary mode of therapy in the management of these lesions.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Ethanol Embolization of Auricular Arteriovenous Malformations: Preliminary Results of 17 Cases" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta name="twitter:image" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/default/files/highwire/ajnr/30/9.cover.gif" />
<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Because of the relatively rare and extremely varied clinical presentations, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) involving the auriculae are technically challenging clinical entities to diagnose and, ultimately, manage. The purpose of our study was to present our initial experience of ethanol embolization in a series of 17 patients with auricular AVMs and assess the interim therapeutic outcomes of this method.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study group consisted of 17 patients. Transcatheter arterial embolization and/or direct percutaneous puncture embolization were performed. Pure or diluted ethanol was manually injected. Follow-up evaluation was obtained on the basis of physical examination and angiography at 3- to 4-month intervals and telephone questionnaire at 1-month intervals in all patients.

RESULTS: During the 29 ethanol embolization procedures, the amount of ethanol used ranged from 4 to 65 mL. The obliteration of ulceration, hemorrhage, pain, infection, pulsation, and bruit in most of the patients was obtained. The reduction of redness, swelling, and warmth was achieved in all of the patients, and 15 of the patients achieved downstaging of the Schobinger status. According to the angiographic findings, AVMs were devascularized 100% in 3 patients, 76% to 99% in 5 patients, 50% to 75% in 6 patients, and less than 50% in 3 patients. The most common complications were reversible necrosis and blister.

CONCLUSIONS: Ethanol embolization has proved efficacious and safe in the treatment of auricular AVMs and has the potential to be accepted as the primary mode of therapy in the management of these lesions." />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Ethanol Embolization of Auricular Arteriovenous Malformations: Preliminary Results of 17 Cases" />
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<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Because of the relatively rare and extremely varied clinical presentations, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) involving the auriculae are technically challenging clinical entities to diagnose and, ultimately, manage. The purpose of our study was to present our initial experience of ethanol embolization in a series of 17 patients with auricular AVMs and assess the interim therapeutic outcomes of this method.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study group consisted of 17 patients. Transcatheter arterial embolization and/or direct percutaneous puncture embolization were performed. Pure or diluted ethanol was manually injected. Follow-up evaluation was obtained on the basis of physical examination and angiography at 3- to 4-month intervals and telephone questionnaire at 1-month intervals in all patients.

RESULTS: During the 29 ethanol embolization procedures, the amount of ethanol used ranged from 4 to 65 mL. The obliteration of ulceration, hemorrhage, pain, infection, pulsation, and bruit in most of the patients was obtained. The reduction of redness, swelling, and warmth was achieved in all of the patients, and 15 of the patients achieved downstaging of the Schobinger status. According to the angiographic findings, AVMs were devascularized 100% in 3 patients, 76% to 99% in 5 patients, 50% to 75% in 6 patients, and less than 50% in 3 patients. The most common complications were reversible necrosis and blister.

CONCLUSIONS: Ethanol embolization has proved efficacious and safe in the treatment of auricular AVMs and has the potential to be accepted as the primary mode of therapy in the management of these lesions." />
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Ethanol Embolization of Auricular Arteriovenous Malformations: Preliminary Results of 17 Cases</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">L.Z. Zheng</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">X.D. Fan</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">J.W. Zheng</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">L.X. Su</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">October 2009,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">30 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(9) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1679-1684; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A1687 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-8343--61284240307" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">L.Z. Zheng </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=L.Z.%2BZheng%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Zheng%20L&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AL.Z.%2BZheng%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">X.D. Fan </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=X.D.%2BFan%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Fan%20X&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AX.D.%2BFan%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.W. Zheng </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.W.%2BZheng%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Zheng%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.W.%2BZheng%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">L.X. Su </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=L.X.%2BSu%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Su%20L&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AL.X.%2BSu%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="section ref-list" id="ref-list-1"><h2>References</h2><ol class="cit-list ref-use-labels"><li><span class="ref-label">1.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-1-1" title="View reference 1. in text" id="ref-1">↵</a>

<div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-30.9.1679.1" data-doi="10.1097/01.PRS.0000154207.87313.DE"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Wu</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JK</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Bisdorff</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">A</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Gelbert</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">F</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Auricular arteriovenous malformation: evaluation, management, and outcome</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Plast Reconstr Surg</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2005</span>;<span class="cit-vol">115</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">985</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">95</span>
</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/01.PRS.0000154207.87313.DE&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=15793434&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F30%2F9%2F1679.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div>
</li><li><span class="ref-label">2.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-2-1" title="View reference 2. in text" id="ref-2">↵</a>

<div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-30.9.1679.2" data-doi="10.1016/j.otohns.2004.09.043"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Shinohara</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">K</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Yamashita</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">M</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Sugimoto</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">K</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Transcatheter arterial embolization of auricular arteriovenous malformation</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2005</span>;<span class="cit-vol">132</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">345</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">46</span>
</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiRlVMTCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6NToic3BvdG8iO3M6NToicmVzaWQiO3M6OToiMTMyLzIvMzQ1IjtzOjQ6ImF0b20iO3M6MjA6Ii9ham5yLzMwLzkvMTY3OS5hdG9tIjt9czo4OiJmcmFnbWVudCI7czowOiIiO30=" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div>
</li><li><span class="ref-label">3.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-3-1" title="View reference 3. in text" id="ref-3">↵</a>

<div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-30.9.1679.3" data-doi="10.1097/00005537-200108000-00014"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Pham</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">TH</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Wong</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">BJ</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Allison</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">G</span></span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">A large arteriovenous malformation of the external ear in an adult: report of a case and approach to management</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Laryngoscope</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2001</span>;<span class="cit-vol">111</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1390</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">94</span>
</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/00005537-200108000-00014&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=11568574&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F30%2F9%2F1679.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div>
</li><li><span class="ref-label">4.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-4-1" title="View reference 4. in text" id="ref-4">↵</a>

<div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-30.9.1679.4" data-doi="10.1148/radiol.2352040449"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Do</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">YS</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Yakes</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">WF</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Shin</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">SW</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Ethanol embolization of arteriovenous malformations: interim results</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Radiology</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2005</span>;<span class="cit-vol">235</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">674</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">82</span>
</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1148/radiol.2352040449&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=15858106&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F30%2F9%2F1679.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div>
</li><li><span class="ref-label">5.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-5-1" title="View reference 5. in text" id="ref-5">↵</a>

<div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-30.9.1679.5" data-doi="10.1007/s002709900016"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Yakes</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">WF</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Rossi</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">P</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Odink</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">H</span></span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">How I do it. Arteriovenous malformation management</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">1996</span>;<span class="cit-vol">19</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">65</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">71</span>
</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1007/s002709900016&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=8729181&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F30%2F9%2F1679.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div>
</li><li><span class="ref-label">6.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-6-1" title="View reference 6. in text" id="ref-6">↵</a>

<div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-30.9.1679.6"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Bapuraj</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JR</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Bilwani</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">R</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Khandelwal</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">N</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Pre-operative embolization of auricular arteriovenous fistula</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">J Laryngol Otol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2002</span>;<span class="cit-vol">116</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">42</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">45</span>
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<div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-30.9.1679.23"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Lee</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JJ</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Do</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">YS</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kim</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JA</span></span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Serum ethanol levels after alcohol sclerotherapy of arteriovenous malformations</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">J Korean Med Sci</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2004</span>;<span class="cit-vol">19</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">51</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">54</span>
</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=14966341&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F30%2F9%2F1679.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div>
</li><li><span class="ref-label">24.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-24-1" title="View reference 24. in text" id="ref-24">↵</a>

<div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-30.9.1679.24"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Takebayashi</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">S</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Hosaka</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">M</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Ishizuka</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">E</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Arteriovenous malformations of the kidneys: ablation with alcohol</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Am J Roentgenol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">1988</span>;<span class="cit-vol">150</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">587</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">90</span>
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</li><li><span class="ref-label">25.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-25-1" title="View reference 25. in text" id="ref-25">↵</a>

<div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-30.9.1679.25"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Huang</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MS</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Lin</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">Q</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Jiang</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">ZB</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Comparison of long-term effects between intra-arterially delivered ethanol and Gelfoam for the treatment of severe arterioportal shunt in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">World J Gastroenterol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2004</span>;<span class="cit-vol">10</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">825</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">29</span>
</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=15040025&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F30%2F9%2F1679.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div>
</li><li><span class="ref-label">26.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-26-1" title="View reference 26. in text" id="ref-26">↵</a>

<div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-30.9.1679.26" data-doi="10.1148/radiol.2353040903"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Shin</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">BS</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Do</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">YS</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Lee</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">BB</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Multistage ethanol sclerotherapy of soft-tissue arteriovenous malformations: effect on pulmonary arterial pressure</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Radiology</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2005</span>;<span class="cit-vol">235</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1072</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">77</span>
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</li><li><span class="ref-label">27.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-27-1" title="View reference 27. in text" id="ref-27">↵</a>

<div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-30.9.1679.27"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Stefanutto</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">TB</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Halbach</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">V</span></span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Bronchospasm precipitated by ethanol injection in arteriovenous malformation</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">AJNR Am J Neuroradiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2003</span>;<span class="cit-vol">24</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">2050</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">51</span>
</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6NDoiYWpuciI7czo1OiJyZXNpZCI7czoxMDoiMjQvMTAvMjA1MCI7czo0OiJhdG9tIjtzOjIwOiIvYWpuci8zMC85LzE2NzkuYXRvbSI7fXM6ODoiZnJhZ21lbnQiO3M6MDoiIjt9" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div>
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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 30</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 9 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Oct 2009 </div></div>
      
      
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Ethanol Embolization of Auricular Arteriovenous Malformations: Preliminary Results of 17 Cases</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.Z.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zheng</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">X.D.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Fan</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.W.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zheng</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.X.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Su</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Oct 2009, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">30 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(9) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1679-1684; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A1687 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Ethanol Embolization of Auricular Arteriovenous Malformations: Preliminary Results of 17 Cases</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.Z.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zheng</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">X.D.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Fan</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.W.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zheng</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.X.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Su</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Oct 2009, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">30 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(9) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1679-1684; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A1687 </span></div>
  
  
  
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