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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Magnetization Transfer Imaging in Premanifest and Manifest Huntington Disease" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A2868" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2012-05-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2012 by American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MTI has the potential to detect abnormalities in normal-appearing white and gray matter on conventional MR imaging. Early detection methods and disease progression markers are needed in HD research. Therefore, we investigated MTI parameters and their clinical correlates in premanifest and manifest HD.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: From the Leiden TRACK-HD study, 78 participants (28 controls, 25 PMGC, 25 MHD) were included. Brain segmentation of cortical gray matter, white matter, caudate nucleus, putamen, pallidum, thalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus was performed using FSL's automated tools FAST and FIRST. Individual MTR values were calculated from these regions and MTR histograms constructed. Regression analysis of MTR measures from all gene carriers with clinical measures was performed.

RESULTS: MTR peak height was reduced in both cortical gray ( P = .01) and white matter ( P = .006) in manifest HD compared with controls. Mean MTR was also reduced in cortical gray matter ( P = .01) and showed a trend in white matter ( P = .052). Deep gray matter structures showed a uniform pattern of reduced MTR values ( P &lt; .05). No differences between premanifest gene carriers and controls were found. MTR values correlated with disease burden and motor and cognitive impairment.

CONCLUSIONS: Throughout the brain, disturbances in MTI parameters are apparent in early HD and are homogeneous across white and gray matter. The correlation of MTI with clinical measures indicates the potential to act as a disease monitor in clinical trials. However, our study does not provide evidence for MTI as a marker in premanifest HD.

CAG
:   cytosine-adenosine-guanine
HD
:   Huntington disease
MHD
:   early manifest HD patients
MMSE
:   Mini-Mental State Examination
MTI
:   magnetization transfer imaging
MTR
:   magnetization transfer ratio
PMGC
:   premanifest HD gene carriers
UHDRS
:   United Huntington's Disease Rating Scale" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S.J.A. van den Bogaard" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="E.M. Dumas" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. Milles" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="R. Reilmann" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.C. Stout" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="D. Craufurd" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.A. van Buchem" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. van der Grond" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="R.A.C. Roos" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2012-05-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Brain" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Magnetization Transfer Imaging in Premanifest and Manifest Huntington Disease" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;MTI has the potential to detect abnormalities in normal-appearing white and gray matter on conventional MR imaging. Early detection methods and disease progression markers are needed in HD research. Therefore, we investigated MTI parameters and their clinical correlates in premanifest and manifest HD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;From the Leiden TRACK-HD study, 78 participants (28 controls, 25 PMGC, 25 MHD) were included. Brain segmentation of cortical gray matter, white matter, caudate nucleus, putamen, pallidum, thalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus was performed using FSL9s automated tools FAST and FIRST. Individual MTR values were calculated from these regions and MTR histograms constructed. Regression analysis of MTR measures from all gene carriers with clinical measures was performed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;MTR peak height was reduced in both cortical gray (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .01) and white matter (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .006) in manifest HD compared with controls. Mean MTR was also reduced in cortical gray matter (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .01) and showed a trend in white matter (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .052). Deep gray matter structures showed a uniform pattern of reduced MTR values (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .05). No differences between premanifest gene carriers and controls were found. MTR values correlated with disease burden and motor and cognitive impairment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Throughout the brain, disturbances in MTI parameters are apparent in early HD and are homogeneous across white and gray matter. The correlation of MTI with clinical measures indicates the potential to act as a disease monitor in clinical trials. However, our study does not provide evidence for MTI as a marker in premanifest HD.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Magnetization Transfer Imaging in Premanifest and Manifest Huntington Disease" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MTI has the potential to detect abnormalities in normal-appearing white and gray matter on conventional MR imaging. Early detection methods and disease progression markers are needed in HD research. Therefore, we investigated MTI parameters and their clinical correlates in premanifest and manifest HD.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: From the Leiden TRACK-HD study, 78 participants (28 controls, 25 PMGC, 25 MHD) were included. Brain segmentation of cortical gray matter, white matter, caudate nucleus, putamen, pallidum, thalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus was performed using FSL's automated tools FAST and FIRST. Individual MTR values were calculated from these regions and MTR histograms constructed. Regression analysis of MTR measures from all gene carriers with clinical measures was performed.

RESULTS: MTR peak height was reduced in both cortical gray ( P = .01) and white matter ( P = .006) in manifest HD compared with controls. Mean MTR was also reduced in cortical gray matter ( P = .01) and showed a trend in white matter ( P = .052). Deep gray matter structures showed a uniform pattern of reduced MTR values ( P &lt; .05). No differences between premanifest gene carriers and controls were found. MTR values correlated with disease burden and motor and cognitive impairment.

CONCLUSIONS: Throughout the brain, disturbances in MTI parameters are apparent in early HD and are homogeneous across white and gray matter. The correlation of MTI with clinical measures indicates the potential to act as a disease monitor in clinical trials. However, our study does not provide evidence for MTI as a marker in premanifest HD.

CAG
:   cytosine-adenosine-guanine
HD
:   Huntington disease
MHD
:   early manifest HD patients
MMSE
:   Mini-Mental State Examination
MTI
:   magnetization transfer imaging
MTR
:   magnetization transfer ratio
PMGC
:   premanifest HD gene carriers
UHDRS
:   United Huntington's Disease Rating Scale" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Magnetization Transfer Imaging in Premanifest and Manifest Huntington Disease" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/33/5/884" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MTI has the potential to detect abnormalities in normal-appearing white and gray matter on conventional MR imaging. Early detection methods and disease progression markers are needed in HD research. Therefore, we investigated MTI parameters and their clinical correlates in premanifest and manifest HD.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: From the Leiden TRACK-HD study, 78 participants (28 controls, 25 PMGC, 25 MHD) were included. Brain segmentation of cortical gray matter, white matter, caudate nucleus, putamen, pallidum, thalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus was performed using FSL's automated tools FAST and FIRST. Individual MTR values were calculated from these regions and MTR histograms constructed. Regression analysis of MTR measures from all gene carriers with clinical measures was performed.

RESULTS: MTR peak height was reduced in both cortical gray ( P = .01) and white matter ( P = .006) in manifest HD compared with controls. Mean MTR was also reduced in cortical gray matter ( P = .01) and showed a trend in white matter ( P = .052). Deep gray matter structures showed a uniform pattern of reduced MTR values ( P &lt; .05). No differences between premanifest gene carriers and controls were found. MTR values correlated with disease burden and motor and cognitive impairment.

CONCLUSIONS: Throughout the brain, disturbances in MTI parameters are apparent in early HD and are homogeneous across white and gray matter. The correlation of MTI with clinical measures indicates the potential to act as a disease monitor in clinical trials. However, our study does not provide evidence for MTI as a marker in premanifest HD.

CAG
:   cytosine-adenosine-guanine
HD
:   Huntington disease
MHD
:   early manifest HD patients
MMSE
:   Mini-Mental State Examination
MTI
:   magnetization transfer imaging
MTR
:   magnetization transfer ratio
PMGC
:   premanifest HD gene carriers
UHDRS
:   United Huntington's Disease Rating Scale" />
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Magnetization Transfer Imaging in Premanifest and Manifest Huntington Disease</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">S.J.A. van den Bogaard</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">E.M. Dumas</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">J. Milles</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">R. Reilmann</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">J.C. Stout</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">D. Craufurd</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">M.A. van Buchem</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">J. van der Grond</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">R.A.C. Roos</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">May 2012,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">33 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(5) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">884-889; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A2868 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-11902--61420141408" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S.J.A. van den Bogaard </div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.J.A.%2Bvan%2Bden%2BBogaard%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=van%20den%20Bogaard%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.J.A.%2Bvan%2Bden%2BBogaard%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">E.M. 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                  <em>Online Table 1:</em>  MTR values for all brain regions
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Magnetization Transfer Imaging in Premanifest and Manifest Huntington Disease</div>  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">May 2012, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">33 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(5) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">884-889; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A2868 </span></div>
  
  
  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">May 2012, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">33 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(5) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">884-889; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A2868 </span></div>
  
  
  
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