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<meta name="DC.Description" content="SUMMARY: Two of the most common reasons for failure to obtain adequate preoperative functional data are inadequate task performance and excessive head motion. With an MR imaging−compatible pneumatically driven manipulandum, passive motor tasks elicited reproducible contralateral activation in the M1 and S1 in 10 healthy controls and 6 patients. The SMA was localized in all healthy controls and in 5 of 6 patients. Head motion was reduced in passive tasks compared with active tasks.

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&lt;p&gt;Two of the most common reasons for failure to obtain adequate preoperative functional data are inadequate task performance and excessive head motion. With an MR imaging−compatible pneumatically driven manipulandum, passive motor tasks elicited reproducible contralateral activation in the M1 and S1 in 10 healthy controls and 6 patients. The SMA was localized in all healthy controls and in 5 of 6 patients. Head motion was reduced in passive tasks compared with active tasks.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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ANOVA
:   analysis of variance
fMRI
:   functional MR imaging
BOLD
:   blood oxygen level−dependent
M1
:   primary motor cortex
SMA
:   supplementary motor area
S1
:   primary somatosensory cortex" />
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ANOVA
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fMRI
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BOLD
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M1
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SMA
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Pneumatically Driven Finger Movement: A Novel Passive Functional MR Imaging Technique for Presurgical Motor and Sensory Mapping</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">S. Shriver</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">K.E. Knierim</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">J.P. O'Shea</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">G.H. Glover</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">A.J. Golby</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">January 2013,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">34 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(1) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">E5-E7; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A2626 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-12420--81759417133" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S. Shriver </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.S., K.E.K., J.P.O., A.J.G.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Department of Marketing (S.S.), Fox School of Business, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.%2BShriver%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Shriver%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.%2BShriver%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">K.E. Knierim </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.S., K.E.K., J.P.O., A.J.G.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=K.E.%2BKnierim%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Knierim%20K&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AK.E.%2BKnierim%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.P. O'Shea </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.S., K.E.K., J.P.O., A.J.G.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.P.%2BO%27Shea%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=O%27Shea%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.P.%2BO%2527Shea%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">G.H. Glover </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Radiology (G.H.G.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=G.H.%2BGlover%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Glover%20G&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AG.H.%2BGlover%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.J. 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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="content-block-markup" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><div xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="contributors"><ol class="contributor-list" id="contrib-group-1"><li class="contributor" id="contrib-1"><span class="name">S. Shriver</span><a id="xref-aff-1-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-2-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-2">b</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-2"><span class="name">K.E. Knierim</span><a id="xref-aff-1-2" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-3"><span class="name">J.P. O'Shea</span><a id="xref-aff-1-3" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-4"><span class="name">G.H. Glover</span><a id="xref-aff-3-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-3">c</a> and </li><li class="last" id="contrib-5"><span class="name">A.J. Golby</span><a id="xref-aff-1-4" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a></li></ol><ol class="affiliation-list"><li class="aff"><a id="aff-1" name="aff-1"></a><address><sup>a</sup>From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.S., K.E.K., J.P.O., A.J.G.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts</address></li><li class="aff"><a id="aff-2" name="aff-2"></a><address><sup>b</sup>Department of Marketing (S.S.), Fox School of Business, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</address></li><li class="aff"><a id="aff-3" name="aff-3"></a><address><sup>c</sup>Department of Radiology (G.H.G.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.</address></li></ol><ol class="corresp-list"><li class="corresp" id="corresp-1">Please address correspondence to Alexandra J. Golby, MD, <span class="addr-line">Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115</span>; e-mail: <span class="em-link"><span class="em-addr">agolby{at}bwh.harvard.edu</span></span></li></ol></div></div><a href="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/34/1/E5.full" class="hw-link hw-link-article-full-text" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">View Full Text</a></div>  </div>

  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Shriver</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">K.E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Knierim</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">O'Shea</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Glover</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Golby</span></span></span></div>
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Pneumatically Driven Finger Movement: A Novel Passive Functional MR Imaging Technique for Presurgical Motor and Sensory Mapping</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Shriver</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">K.E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Knierim</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">O'Shea</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Glover</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Golby</span></span></span></div>
  
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