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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Intraplaque Hemorrhage and the Plaque Surface in Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Plaque At RISK Study (PARISK)" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A4414" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2015-11-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2015 by American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.AccessRights" content="restricted" />
<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: An important characteristic of vulnerable plaque, intraplaque hemorrhage, may predict plaque rupture. Plaque rupture can be visible on noninvasive imaging as a disruption of the plaque surface. We investigated the association between intraplaque hemorrhage and disruption of the plaque surface.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We selected the first 100 patients of the Plaque At RISK study, an ongoing prospective noninvasive plaque imaging study in patients with mild-to-moderate atherosclerotic lesions in the carotid artery. In carotid artery plaques, disruption of the plaque surface (defined as ulcerated plaques and/or fissured fibrous cap) and intraplaque hemorrhage were assessed by using MDCTA and 3T MR imaging, respectively. We used a χ2 test and multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between intraplaque hemorrhage and disrupted plaque surface.

RESULTS: One hundred forty-nine carotid arteries in 78 patients could be used for the current analyses. Intraplaque hemorrhage and plaque ulcerations were more prevalent in symptomatic compared with contralateral vessels (hemorrhage, 38% versus 11%; P &lt; .001; and ulcerations, 27% versus 7%; P = .001). Fissured fibrous cap was more prevalent in symptomatic compared with contralateral vessels (13% versus 4%; P = .06). After adjustment for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, and degree of stenosis, intraplaque hemorrhage was associated with disrupted plaque surface (OR, 3.13; 95% CI, 1.25–7.84) in all vessels.

CONCLUSIONS: Intraplaque hemorrhage is associated with disruption of the plaque surface in patients with a carotid artery stenosis of &lt;70%. Serial studies are needed to investigate whether intraplaque hemorrhage indeed increases the risk of plaque rupture and subsequent ischemic stroke during follow-up.

ECST
:   European Carotid Surgery Trial
PARISK
:   Plaque At RISK" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.C. van Dijk" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.T.B. Truijman" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="B. Hussain" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T. Zadi" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="G. Saiedie" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.A.J. de Rotte" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.I. Liem" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.F.W. van der Steen" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.J.A.P. Daemen" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P.J. Koudstaal" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P.J. Nederkoorn" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. Hendrikse" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.E. Kooi" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. van der Lugt" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2015-11-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Intraplaque Hemorrhage and the Plaque Surface in Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Plaque At RISK Study (PARISK)" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;An important characteristic of vulnerable plaque, intraplaque hemorrhage, may predict plaque rupture. Plaque rupture can be visible on noninvasive imaging as a disruption of the plaque surface. We investigated the association between intraplaque hemorrhage and disruption of the plaque surface.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We selected the first 100 patients of the Plaque At RISK study, an ongoing prospective noninvasive plaque imaging study in patients with mild-to-moderate atherosclerotic lesions in the carotid artery. In carotid artery plaques, disruption of the plaque surface (defined as ulcerated plaques and/or fissured fibrous cap) and intraplaque hemorrhage were assessed by using MDCTA and 3T MR imaging, respectively. We used a χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; test and multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between intraplaque hemorrhage and disrupted plaque surface.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;One hundred forty-nine carotid arteries in 78 patients could be used for the current analyses. Intraplaque hemorrhage and plaque ulcerations were more prevalent in symptomatic compared with contralateral vessels (hemorrhage, 38% versus 11%; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .001; and ulcerations, 27% versus 7%; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .001). Fissured fibrous cap was more prevalent in symptomatic compared with contralateral vessels (13% versus 4%; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .06). After adjustment for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, and degree of stenosis, intraplaque hemorrhage was associated with disrupted plaque surface (OR, 3.13; 95% CI, 1.25–7.84) in all vessels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Intraplaque hemorrhage is associated with disruption of the plaque surface in patients with a carotid artery stenosis of &amp;lt;70%. Serial studies are needed to investigate whether intraplaque hemorrhage indeed increases the risk of plaque rupture and subsequent ischemic stroke during follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Intraplaque Hemorrhage and the Plaque Surface in Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Plaque At RISK Study (PARISK)" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: An important characteristic of vulnerable plaque, intraplaque hemorrhage, may predict plaque rupture. Plaque rupture can be visible on noninvasive imaging as a disruption of the plaque surface. We investigated the association between intraplaque hemorrhage and disruption of the plaque surface.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We selected the first 100 patients of the Plaque At RISK study, an ongoing prospective noninvasive plaque imaging study in patients with mild-to-moderate atherosclerotic lesions in the carotid artery. In carotid artery plaques, disruption of the plaque surface (defined as ulcerated plaques and/or fissured fibrous cap) and intraplaque hemorrhage were assessed by using MDCTA and 3T MR imaging, respectively. We used a χ2 test and multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between intraplaque hemorrhage and disrupted plaque surface.

RESULTS: One hundred forty-nine carotid arteries in 78 patients could be used for the current analyses. Intraplaque hemorrhage and plaque ulcerations were more prevalent in symptomatic compared with contralateral vessels (hemorrhage, 38% versus 11%; P &lt; .001; and ulcerations, 27% versus 7%; P = .001). Fissured fibrous cap was more prevalent in symptomatic compared with contralateral vessels (13% versus 4%; P = .06). After adjustment for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, and degree of stenosis, intraplaque hemorrhage was associated with disrupted plaque surface (OR, 3.13; 95% CI, 1.25–7.84) in all vessels.

CONCLUSIONS: Intraplaque hemorrhage is associated with disruption of the plaque surface in patients with a carotid artery stenosis of &lt;70%. Serial studies are needed to investigate whether intraplaque hemorrhage indeed increases the risk of plaque rupture and subsequent ischemic stroke during follow-up.

ECST
:   European Carotid Surgery Trial
PARISK
:   Plaque At RISK" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Intraplaque Hemorrhage and the Plaque Surface in Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Plaque At RISK Study (PARISK)" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/36/11/2127" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: An important characteristic of vulnerable plaque, intraplaque hemorrhage, may predict plaque rupture. Plaque rupture can be visible on noninvasive imaging as a disruption of the plaque surface. We investigated the association between intraplaque hemorrhage and disruption of the plaque surface.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We selected the first 100 patients of the Plaque At RISK study, an ongoing prospective noninvasive plaque imaging study in patients with mild-to-moderate atherosclerotic lesions in the carotid artery. In carotid artery plaques, disruption of the plaque surface (defined as ulcerated plaques and/or fissured fibrous cap) and intraplaque hemorrhage were assessed by using MDCTA and 3T MR imaging, respectively. We used a χ2 test and multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between intraplaque hemorrhage and disrupted plaque surface.

RESULTS: One hundred forty-nine carotid arteries in 78 patients could be used for the current analyses. Intraplaque hemorrhage and plaque ulcerations were more prevalent in symptomatic compared with contralateral vessels (hemorrhage, 38% versus 11%; P &lt; .001; and ulcerations, 27% versus 7%; P = .001). Fissured fibrous cap was more prevalent in symptomatic compared with contralateral vessels (13% versus 4%; P = .06). After adjustment for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, and degree of stenosis, intraplaque hemorrhage was associated with disrupted plaque surface (OR, 3.13; 95% CI, 1.25–7.84) in all vessels.

CONCLUSIONS: Intraplaque hemorrhage is associated with disruption of the plaque surface in patients with a carotid artery stenosis of &lt;70%. Serial studies are needed to investigate whether intraplaque hemorrhage indeed increases the risk of plaque rupture and subsequent ischemic stroke during follow-up.

ECST
:   European Carotid Surgery Trial
PARISK
:   Plaque At RISK" />
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Intraplaque Hemorrhage and the Plaque Surface in Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Plaque At RISK Study (PARISK)</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">A.C. van Dijk</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">M.T.B. Truijman</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">B. Hussain</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">T. Zadi</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">G. Saiedie</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">A.A.J. de Rotte</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">M.I. Liem</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">A.F.W. van der Steen</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">M.J.A.P. Daemen</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9">P.J. Koudstaal</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10">P.J. Nederkoorn</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11">J. Hendrikse</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12">M.E. Kooi</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="13">A. van der Lugt</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">November 2015,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">36 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(11) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2127-2133; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4414 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-14290--61625496842" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.C. van Dijk </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (A.C.v.D., B.H., T.Z.,G.S., A.v.d.L.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Neurology (A.C.v.D., P.J.K.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.C.%2Bvan%2BDijk%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=van%20Dijk%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.C.%2Bvan%2BDijk%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M.T.B. Truijman </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Departments of Radiology (M.T.B.T., M.E.K.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Clinical Neurophysiology (M.T.B.T.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht School for Cardiovascular Diseases (M.T.B.T., M.E.K.), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.T.B.%2BTruijman%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Truijman%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.T.B.%2BTruijman%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">B. Hussain </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (A.C.v.D., B.H., T.Z.,G.S., A.v.d.L.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=B.%2BHussain%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hussain%20B&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AB.%2BHussain%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">T. Zadi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (A.C.v.D., B.H., T.Z.,G.S., A.v.d.L.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=T.%2BZadi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Zadi%20T&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AT.%2BZadi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">G. Saiedie </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (A.C.v.D., B.H., T.Z.,G.S., A.v.d.L.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=G.%2BSaiedie%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Saiedie%20G&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AG.%2BSaiedie%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.A.J. de Rotte </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>g</span>Department of Radiology (A.A.J.d.R., J.H.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.A.J.%2Bde%2BRotte%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=de%20Rotte%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.A.J.%2Bde%2BRotte%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M.I. Liem </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>h</span>Departments of Neurology (M.I.L., P.J.N.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.I.%2BLiem%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Liem%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.I.%2BLiem%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.F.W. van der Steen </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Biomedical Engineering (A.F.W.v.d.S.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.F.W.%2Bvan%2Bder%2BSteen%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=van%20der%20Steen%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.F.W.%2Bvan%2Bder%2BSteen%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-8"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M.J.A.P. 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Nederkoorn </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>h</span>Departments of Neurology (M.I.L., P.J.N.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.J.%2BNederkoorn%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Nederkoorn%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.J.%2BNederkoorn%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-11"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J. Hendrikse </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>g</span>Department of Radiology (A.A.J.d.R., J.H.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.%2BHendrikse%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hendrikse%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.%2BHendrikse%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-12"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M.E. Kooi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Departments of Radiology (M.T.B.T., M.E.K.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht School for Cardiovascular Diseases (M.T.B.T., M.E.K.), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.E.%2BKooi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Kooi%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.E.%2BKooi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7562-5724" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M.E. Kooi</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-13"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. van der Lugt </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Radiology (A.C.v.D., B.H., T.Z.,G.S., A.v.d.L.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2Bvan%2Bder%2BLugt%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=van%20der%20Lugt%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2Bvan%2Bder%2BLugt%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="section ref-list" id="ref-list-1"><h2 class="">References</h2><ol class="cit-list ref-use-labels"><li><span class="ref-label">1.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-1-1" title="View reference 1. in text" id="ref-1">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-36.11.2127.1" data-doi="10.1148/radiol.2212001612"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li>
</li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Yuan</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">C</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Mitsumori</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">LM</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Beach</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">KW</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Carotid atherosclerotic plaque: noninvasive MR characterization and identification of vulnerable lesions</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Radiology</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2001</span>;<span class="cit-vol">221</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">285</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">99</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1148/radiol.2212001612&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=11687667&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F36%2F11%2F2127.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=000172023800004&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">2.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-2-1" title="View reference 2. in text" id="ref-2">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-book" id="cit-36.11.2127.2" data-doi="10.1161/01.CIR.0000087481.55887.C9"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li>
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      <div class="highwire-cite-highlight"><a href="/content/36/11"  class="highlight-image-linked"><img class="highlight-image" src="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/highwire/ajnr/36/11.cover-source.jpg?itok=tMaBFEUZ" alt="American Journal of Neuroradiology: 36 (11)" /></a></div>
  
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          <a href="/content/36/11" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">American Journal of Neuroradiology</span></a>      
      
        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 36</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 11 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Nov 2015 </div></div>
      
      
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Intraplaque Hemorrhage and the Plaque Surface in Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Plaque At RISK Study (PARISK)</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">van Dijk</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.T.B.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Truijman</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">B.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hussain</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">T.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zadi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Saiedie</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.A.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">de Rotte</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.I.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Liem</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.F.W.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">van der Steen</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.J.A.P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Daemen</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Koudstaal</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Nederkoorn</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hendrikse</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kooi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="13"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">van der Lugt</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Nov 2015, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">36 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(11) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2127-2133; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A4414 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Intraplaque Hemorrhage and the Plaque Surface in Carotid Atherosclerosis: The Plaque At RISK Study (PARISK)</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">van Dijk</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.T.B.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Truijman</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">B.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hussain</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">T.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zadi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Saiedie</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.A.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">de Rotte</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.I.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Liem</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.F.W.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">van der Steen</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.J.A.P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Daemen</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Koudstaal</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Nederkoorn</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hendrikse</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kooi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="13"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">van der Lugt</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Nov 2015, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">36 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(11) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2127-2133; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A4414 </span></div>
  
  
  
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