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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Prenatal Evaluation, Imaging Features, and Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Prenatally Diagnosed Periventricular Pseudocysts" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A4916" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2016-12-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2016 by American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Periventricular pseudocysts are cystic cavities that lack the ependymal cell lining found in true cysts. The aim of this study was to characterize periventricular pseudocysts and related findings and their neurodevelopmental outcome.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of periventricular pseudocysts detected prenatally on fetal MR imaging in 26 fetuses. The fetuses were divided into group A ( n = 8), which included cases with isolated periventricular pseudocysts, and group B ( n = 18), which included cases of periventricular pseudocysts with additional findings. Cases were further subdivided into connatal cysts and subependymal pseudocysts. Data collected included prenatal history, MR imaging features, sonographic follow-up, and neurodevelopmental outcome.

RESULTS: All cases in group A ( n = 8) had a normal outcome. In group B ( n = 18), 6 pregnancies were terminated and 2 had an abnormal outcome. Both cases with an abnormal outcome involved patients with subependymal pseudocysts. No significant association was found between the morphologic features on MR imaging and the neurodevelopmental outcome.

CONCLUSIONS: Neurodevelopmental outcome in cases of isolated periventricular pseudocysts detected prenatally appears to be normal. A detailed evaluation should be performed to rule out additional brain findings, chromosomal aberration, and fetal malformation. This evaluation should include the following: maternal TORCH status, detailed fetal sonographic anatomic evaluation, fetal echocardiogram, fetal brain MR imaging, amniocentesis and karyotyping/comparative genomic hybridization, and genetic counseling. Additional findings on MR imaging, including mild-to-moderate dilated ventricles, asymmetric ventricles, or T2 hyperintense signal in the white matter without other findings or major fetal abnormality, appear to be benign. Connatal cysts appear to be benign.

CMV
:   cytomegalovirus
IUGR
:   intrauterine growth restriction
PVPC
:   periventricular pseudocysts
SEPC
:   subependymal pseudocysts
TOP
:   termination of pregnancy
US
:   ultrasound
TORCH
:   toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes virus" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Cooper" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="O. Bar-Yosef" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Berkenstadt" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C. Hoffmann" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="R. Achiron" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="E. Katorza" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2016-12-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Pediatrics" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Prenatal Evaluation, Imaging Features, and Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Prenatally Diagnosed Periventricular Pseudocysts" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Periventricular pseudocysts are cystic cavities that lack the ependymal cell lining found in true cysts. The aim of this study was to characterize periventricular pseudocysts and related findings and their neurodevelopmental outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This was a retrospective study of periventricular pseudocysts detected prenatally on fetal MR imaging in 26 fetuses. The fetuses were divided into group A (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 8), which included cases with isolated periventricular pseudocysts, and group B (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 18), which included cases of periventricular pseudocysts with additional findings. Cases were further subdivided into connatal cysts and subependymal pseudocysts. Data collected included prenatal history, MR imaging features, sonographic follow-up, and neurodevelopmental outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;All cases in group A (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 8) had a normal outcome. In group B (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 18), 6 pregnancies were terminated and 2 had an abnormal outcome. Both cases with an abnormal outcome involved patients with subependymal pseudocysts. No significant association was found between the morphologic features on MR imaging and the neurodevelopmental outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Neurodevelopmental outcome in cases of isolated periventricular pseudocysts detected prenatally appears to be normal. A detailed evaluation should be performed to rule out additional brain findings, chromosomal aberration, and fetal malformation. This evaluation should include the following: maternal TORCH status, detailed fetal sonographic anatomic evaluation, fetal echocardiogram, fetal brain MR imaging, amniocentesis and karyotyping/comparative genomic hybridization, and genetic counseling. Additional findings on MR imaging, including mild-to-moderate dilated ventricles, asymmetric ventricles, or T2 hyperintense signal in the white matter without other findings or major fetal abnormality, appear to be benign. Connatal cysts appear to be benign.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Prenatal Evaluation, Imaging Features, and Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Prenatally Diagnosed Periventricular Pseudocysts" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Periventricular pseudocysts are cystic cavities that lack the ependymal cell lining found in true cysts. The aim of this study was to characterize periventricular pseudocysts and related findings and their neurodevelopmental outcome.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of periventricular pseudocysts detected prenatally on fetal MR imaging in 26 fetuses. The fetuses were divided into group A ( n = 8), which included cases with isolated periventricular pseudocysts, and group B ( n = 18), which included cases of periventricular pseudocysts with additional findings. Cases were further subdivided into connatal cysts and subependymal pseudocysts. Data collected included prenatal history, MR imaging features, sonographic follow-up, and neurodevelopmental outcome.

RESULTS: All cases in group A ( n = 8) had a normal outcome. In group B ( n = 18), 6 pregnancies were terminated and 2 had an abnormal outcome. Both cases with an abnormal outcome involved patients with subependymal pseudocysts. No significant association was found between the morphologic features on MR imaging and the neurodevelopmental outcome.

CONCLUSIONS: Neurodevelopmental outcome in cases of isolated periventricular pseudocysts detected prenatally appears to be normal. A detailed evaluation should be performed to rule out additional brain findings, chromosomal aberration, and fetal malformation. This evaluation should include the following: maternal TORCH status, detailed fetal sonographic anatomic evaluation, fetal echocardiogram, fetal brain MR imaging, amniocentesis and karyotyping/comparative genomic hybridization, and genetic counseling. Additional findings on MR imaging, including mild-to-moderate dilated ventricles, asymmetric ventricles, or T2 hyperintense signal in the white matter without other findings or major fetal abnormality, appear to be benign. Connatal cysts appear to be benign.

CMV
:   cytomegalovirus
IUGR
:   intrauterine growth restriction
PVPC
:   periventricular pseudocysts
SEPC
:   subependymal pseudocysts
TOP
:   termination of pregnancy
US
:   ultrasound
TORCH
:   toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes virus" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Prenatal Evaluation, Imaging Features, and Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Prenatally Diagnosed Periventricular Pseudocysts" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/37/12/2382" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Periventricular pseudocysts are cystic cavities that lack the ependymal cell lining found in true cysts. The aim of this study was to characterize periventricular pseudocysts and related findings and their neurodevelopmental outcome.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of periventricular pseudocysts detected prenatally on fetal MR imaging in 26 fetuses. The fetuses were divided into group A ( n = 8), which included cases with isolated periventricular pseudocysts, and group B ( n = 18), which included cases of periventricular pseudocysts with additional findings. Cases were further subdivided into connatal cysts and subependymal pseudocysts. Data collected included prenatal history, MR imaging features, sonographic follow-up, and neurodevelopmental outcome.

RESULTS: All cases in group A ( n = 8) had a normal outcome. In group B ( n = 18), 6 pregnancies were terminated and 2 had an abnormal outcome. Both cases with an abnormal outcome involved patients with subependymal pseudocysts. No significant association was found between the morphologic features on MR imaging and the neurodevelopmental outcome.

CONCLUSIONS: Neurodevelopmental outcome in cases of isolated periventricular pseudocysts detected prenatally appears to be normal. A detailed evaluation should be performed to rule out additional brain findings, chromosomal aberration, and fetal malformation. This evaluation should include the following: maternal TORCH status, detailed fetal sonographic anatomic evaluation, fetal echocardiogram, fetal brain MR imaging, amniocentesis and karyotyping/comparative genomic hybridization, and genetic counseling. Additional findings on MR imaging, including mild-to-moderate dilated ventricles, asymmetric ventricles, or T2 hyperintense signal in the white matter without other findings or major fetal abnormality, appear to be benign. Connatal cysts appear to be benign.

CMV
:   cytomegalovirus
IUGR
:   intrauterine growth restriction
PVPC
:   periventricular pseudocysts
SEPC
:   subependymal pseudocysts
TOP
:   termination of pregnancy
US
:   ultrasound
TORCH
:   toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes virus" />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node100--5" data-node-nid="100" id="top-node-100--6788197036" data-pisa="ajnr;37/12/2382" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A4916" data-apath="/ajnr/37/12/2382.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">Pediatrics</span></span></div>
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Prenatal Evaluation, Imaging Features, and Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Prenatally Diagnosed Periventricular Pseudocysts</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">S. Cooper</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">O. Bar-Yosef</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">M. Berkenstadt</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">C. Hoffmann</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">R. Achiron</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">E. Katorza</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">December 2016,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">37 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(12) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2382-2388; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4916 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-100--6788197036" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S. Cooper </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Antenatal Diagnostic Unit (S.C., R.A., E.K.), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.%2BCooper%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Cooper%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.%2BCooper%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1653-8863" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for S. Cooper</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">O. Bar-Yosef </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Department of Pediatric Neurology (O.B.-Y.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=O.%2BBar-Yosef%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Bar-Yosef%20O&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AO.%2BBar-Yosef%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7052-5238" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for O. Bar-Yosef</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Berkenstadt </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics (M.B.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BBerkenstadt%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Berkenstadt%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BBerkenstadt%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-7088" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M. Berkenstadt</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C. Hoffmann </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Department of Diagnostic Radiology (C.H.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Affiliated with Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.%2BHoffmann%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hoffmann%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.%2BHoffmann%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5339-9495" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for C. Hoffmann</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">R. Achiron </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Antenatal Diagnostic Unit (S.C., R.A., E.K.), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=R.%2BAchiron%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Achiron%20R&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AR.%2BAchiron%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8294-3672" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for R. Achiron</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">E. Katorza </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Antenatal Diagnostic Unit (S.C., R.A., E.K.), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=E.%2BKatorza%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Katorza%20E&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AE.%2BKatorza%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4225-7421" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for E. Katorza</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 37</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 12 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Dec 2016 </div></div>
      
      
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Cooper</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">O.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Bar-Yosef</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Berkenstadt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hoffmann</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">R.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Achiron</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Katorza</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Dec 2016, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">37 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(12) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2382-2388; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A4916 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Prenatal Evaluation, Imaging Features, and Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Prenatally Diagnosed Periventricular Pseudocysts</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Cooper</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">O.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Bar-Yosef</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Berkenstadt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hoffmann</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">R.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Achiron</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Katorza</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Dec 2016, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">37 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(12) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2382-2388; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A4916 </span></div>
  
  
  
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