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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Disorders of Microtubule Function in Neurons: Imaging Correlates" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A4552" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2016-03-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2016 by American Journal of Neuroradiology. Indicates open access to non-subscribers at www.ajnr.org" />
<meta name="DC.AccessRights" content="open-access" />
<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A number of recent studies have described malformations of cortical development with mutations of components of microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins. Despite examinations of a large number of MRIs, good phenotype-genotype correlations have been elusive. Additionally, most of these studies focused exclusively on cerebral cortical findings. The purpose of this study was to characterize imaging findings associated with disorders of microtubule function.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRIs from 18 patients with confirmed tubulin mutations (8 TUBA1A , 5 TUBB2B , and 5 TUBB3 ) and 15 patients with known mutations of the genes encoding microtubule-associated proteins (5 LIS1 , 4 DCX , and 6 DYNC1H1 ) were carefully visually analyzed and compared. Specific note was made of the cortical gyral pattern, basal ganglia, and white matter to assess internal capsular size, cortical thickness, ventricular and cisternal size, and the size and contours of the brain stem, cerebellar hemispheres and vermis, and the corpus callosum of patients with tubulin and microtubule-associated protein gene mutations. Results were determined by unanimous consensus of the authors.

RESULTS: All patients had abnormal findings on MR imaging. A large number of patients with tubulin gene mutations were found to have multiple cortical and subcortical abnormalities, including microcephaly, ventriculomegaly, abnormal gyral and sulcal patterns (termed “dysgyria”), a small or absent corpus callosum, and a small pons. All patients with microtubule-associated protein mutations also had abnormal cerebral cortices (predominantly pachygyria and agyria), but fewer subcortical abnormalities were noted.

CONCLUSIONS: Comparison of MRIs from patients with known mutations of tubulin genes and microtubule-associated proteins allows the establishment of some early correlations of phenotype with genotype and may assist in identification and diagnosis of these rare disorders.

MAP
:   microtubule-associated protein
MT
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<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C.A. Mutch" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Poduri" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Sahin" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="B. Barry" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C.A. Walsh" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.J. Barkovich" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2016-03-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="PEDIATRICS" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Disorders of Microtubule Function in Neurons: Imaging Correlates" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A number of recent studies have described malformations of cortical development with mutations of components of microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins. Despite examinations of a large number of MRIs, good phenotype-genotype correlations have been elusive. Additionally, most of these studies focused exclusively on cerebral cortical findings. The purpose of this study was to characterize imaging findings associated with disorders of microtubule function.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;MRIs from 18 patients with confirmed tubulin mutations (8 &lt;i&gt;TUBA1A&lt;/i&gt;, 5 &lt;i&gt;TUBB2B&lt;/i&gt;, and 5 &lt;i&gt;TUBB3&lt;/i&gt;) and 15 patients with known mutations of the genes encoding microtubule-associated proteins (5 &lt;i&gt;LIS1&lt;/i&gt;, 4 &lt;i&gt;DCX&lt;/i&gt;, and 6 &lt;i&gt;DYNC1H1&lt;/i&gt;) were carefully visually analyzed and compared. Specific note was made of the cortical gyral pattern, basal ganglia, and white matter to assess internal capsular size, cortical thickness, ventricular and cisternal size, and the size and contours of the brain stem, cerebellar hemispheres and vermis, and the corpus callosum of patients with tubulin and microtubule-associated protein gene mutations. Results were determined by unanimous consensus of the authors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;All patients had abnormal findings on MR imaging. A large number of patients with tubulin gene mutations were found to have multiple cortical and subcortical abnormalities, including microcephaly, ventriculomegaly, abnormal gyral and sulcal patterns (termed “dysgyria”), a small or absent corpus callosum, and a small pons. All patients with microtubule-associated protein mutations also had abnormal cerebral cortices (predominantly pachygyria and agyria), but fewer subcortical abnormalities were noted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Comparison of MRIs from patients with known mutations of tubulin genes and microtubule-associated proteins allows the establishment of some early correlations of phenotype with genotype and may assist in identification and diagnosis of these rare disorders.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Disorders of Microtubule Function in Neurons: Imaging Correlates" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A number of recent studies have described malformations of cortical development with mutations of components of microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins. Despite examinations of a large number of MRIs, good phenotype-genotype correlations have been elusive. Additionally, most of these studies focused exclusively on cerebral cortical findings. The purpose of this study was to characterize imaging findings associated with disorders of microtubule function.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRIs from 18 patients with confirmed tubulin mutations (8 TUBA1A , 5 TUBB2B , and 5 TUBB3 ) and 15 patients with known mutations of the genes encoding microtubule-associated proteins (5 LIS1 , 4 DCX , and 6 DYNC1H1 ) were carefully visually analyzed and compared. Specific note was made of the cortical gyral pattern, basal ganglia, and white matter to assess internal capsular size, cortical thickness, ventricular and cisternal size, and the size and contours of the brain stem, cerebellar hemispheres and vermis, and the corpus callosum of patients with tubulin and microtubule-associated protein gene mutations. Results were determined by unanimous consensus of the authors.

RESULTS: All patients had abnormal findings on MR imaging. A large number of patients with tubulin gene mutations were found to have multiple cortical and subcortical abnormalities, including microcephaly, ventriculomegaly, abnormal gyral and sulcal patterns (termed “dysgyria”), a small or absent corpus callosum, and a small pons. All patients with microtubule-associated protein mutations also had abnormal cerebral cortices (predominantly pachygyria and agyria), but fewer subcortical abnormalities were noted.

CONCLUSIONS: Comparison of MRIs from patients with known mutations of tubulin genes and microtubule-associated proteins allows the establishment of some early correlations of phenotype with genotype and may assist in identification and diagnosis of these rare disorders.

MAP
:   microtubule-associated protein
MT
:   microtubule" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Disorders of Microtubule Function in Neurons: Imaging Correlates" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/37/3/528" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A number of recent studies have described malformations of cortical development with mutations of components of microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins. Despite examinations of a large number of MRIs, good phenotype-genotype correlations have been elusive. Additionally, most of these studies focused exclusively on cerebral cortical findings. The purpose of this study was to characterize imaging findings associated with disorders of microtubule function.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRIs from 18 patients with confirmed tubulin mutations (8 TUBA1A , 5 TUBB2B , and 5 TUBB3 ) and 15 patients with known mutations of the genes encoding microtubule-associated proteins (5 LIS1 , 4 DCX , and 6 DYNC1H1 ) were carefully visually analyzed and compared. Specific note was made of the cortical gyral pattern, basal ganglia, and white matter to assess internal capsular size, cortical thickness, ventricular and cisternal size, and the size and contours of the brain stem, cerebellar hemispheres and vermis, and the corpus callosum of patients with tubulin and microtubule-associated protein gene mutations. Results were determined by unanimous consensus of the authors.

RESULTS: All patients had abnormal findings on MR imaging. A large number of patients with tubulin gene mutations were found to have multiple cortical and subcortical abnormalities, including microcephaly, ventriculomegaly, abnormal gyral and sulcal patterns (termed “dysgyria”), a small or absent corpus callosum, and a small pons. All patients with microtubule-associated protein mutations also had abnormal cerebral cortices (predominantly pachygyria and agyria), but fewer subcortical abnormalities were noted.

CONCLUSIONS: Comparison of MRIs from patients with known mutations of tubulin genes and microtubule-associated proteins allows the establishment of some early correlations of phenotype with genotype and may assist in identification and diagnosis of these rare disorders.

MAP
:   microtubule-associated protein
MT
:   microtubule" />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node14371--5" data-node-nid="14371" id="top-node-14371--61657564136" data-pisa="ajnr;37/3/528" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A4552" data-apath="/ajnr/37/3/528.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">PEDIATRICS</span></span></div>
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access"><i class="highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access open-access hw-icon-open-access" title="Open Access" aria-hidden="true"></i><span  class="element-invisible highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access" style="">Open Access</span></span></div>
  
      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Disorders of Microtubule Function in Neurons: Imaging Correlates</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">C.A. Mutch</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">A. Poduri</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">M. Sahin</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">B. Barry</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">C.A. Walsh</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">A.J. Barkovich</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">March 2016,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">37 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(3) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">528-535; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4552 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-14371--61657564136" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C.A. Mutch </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (C.A.M., A.J.B.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.A.%2BMutch%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Mutch%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.A.%2BMutch%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4556-8460" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for C.A. Mutch</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Poduri </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Epilepsy Genetics Program (A.P., B.B., C.A.W.), Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center (A.P., B.B., C.A.W.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Division of Genetics and Genomics (B.B., C.A.W.), Department of Medicine, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Department of Neurology (A.P., M.S., B.B., C.A.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BPoduri%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Poduri%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BPoduri%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7350-5136" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A. Poduri</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Sahin </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Department of Neurology (A.P., M.S., B.B., C.A.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BSahin%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Sahin%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BSahin%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7044-2953" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M. Sahin</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">B. Barry </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Epilepsy Genetics Program (A.P., B.B., C.A.W.), Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center (A.P., B.B., C.A.W.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Department of Neurology (A.P., M.S., B.B., C.A.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=B.%2BBarry%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Barry%20B&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AB.%2BBarry%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4358-8126" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for B. Barry</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C.A. Walsh </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Epilepsy Genetics Program (A.P., B.B., C.A.W.), Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center (A.P., B.B., C.A.W.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Division of Genetics and Genomics (B.B., C.A.W.), Department of Medicine, Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Department of Neurology (A.P., M.S., B.B., C.A.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.A.%2BWalsh%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Walsh%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.A.%2BWalsh%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0156-2238" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for C.A. Walsh</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.J. Barkovich </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (C.A.M., A.J.B.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.J.%2BBarkovich%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Barkovich%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.J.%2BBarkovich%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4291-7346" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A.J. Barkovich</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="section ref-list" id="ref-list-1"><h2 class="">References</h2><ol class="cit-list ref-use-labels"><li><span class="ref-label">1.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-1-1" title="View reference 1. in text" id="ref-1">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-37.3.528.1" data-doi="10.1001/jama.1993.03510230076039"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li>
</li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Dobyns</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">W</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Reiner</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">O</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Carrozzo</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">R</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Lissencephaly: a human brain malformation associated with deletion of the LIS1 gene located at chromosome 17p13</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">JAMA</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">1993</span>;<span class="cit-vol">270</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">2838</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">42</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1001/jama.1993.03510230076039</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>7907669</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1001/jama.1993.03510230076039&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=7907669&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F37%2F3%2F528.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=A1993MK94100034&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">2.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-2-1" title="View reference 2. in text" id="ref-2">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-37.3.528.2" data-doi="10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80899-5"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li>
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</li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Jen</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JC</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Chan</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">WM</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Bosley</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">TM</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Mutations in a human ROBO gene disrupt hindbrain axon pathway crossing and morphogenesis</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Science</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2004</span>;<span class="cit-vol">304</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1509</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">13</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1126/science.1096437</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>15105459</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6Mzoic2NpIjtzOjU6InJlc2lkIjtzOjEzOiIzMDQvNTY3Ni8xNTA5IjtzOjQ6ImF0b20iO3M6MTk6Ii9ham5yLzM3LzMvNTI4LmF0b20iO31zOjg6ImZyYWdtZW50IjtzOjA6IiI7fQ==" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div></li></ol></div></div>  </div>

  
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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 37</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 3 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Mar 2016 </div></div>
      
      
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mutch</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Poduri</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Sahin</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">B.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Barry</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Walsh</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Barkovich</span></span></span></div>
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Disorders of Microtubule Function in Neurons: Imaging Correlates</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mutch</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Poduri</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Sahin</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">B.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Barry</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Walsh</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Barkovich</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Mar 2016, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">37 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(3) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">528-535; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A4552 </span></div>
  
  
  
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