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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Association between Carotid Plaque Features on CTA and Cerebrovascular Ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A5436" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2017-12-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2017 by American Journal of Neuroradiology. Indicates open access to non-subscribers at www.ajnr.org" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND: CTA is a widely available imaging examination that may allow the evaluation of high-risk carotid plaque features.

PURPOSE: Our aim was to evaluate the association between specific carotid plaque features on CTA and ipsilateral cerebrovascular ischemia.

DATA SOURCES: We performed a systematic review of Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library from inception to March 2016 for articles that evaluated the relationship between CTA-detected carotid plaque features and ischemic events, defined as ipsilateral ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.

STUDY SELECTION: Sixteen studies were ultimately included after screening 12,557.

DATA ANALYSIS: Two readers recorded data from each study and assessed the study quality with all disagreements resolved by a third reader. A random-effects OR was used to evaluate the association between cerebrovascular ischemia and each of the evaluated plaque features.

DATA SYNTHESIS: We found significant positive relationships with cerebrovascular ischemia for the presence of soft plaque (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.4–6.0), plaque ulceration (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.4–3.4), and increased common carotid artery wall thickness (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.5–15.6). We found a significant negative relationship between calcified plaque and ipsilateral ischemia (OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.4–0.7).

LIMITATIONS: We found heterogeneity in the existing literature secondary to lack of standardized plaque features and clinical definitions.

CONCLUSIONS: Soft plaque, plaque ulceration, and increased common carotid artery wall thickness on CTA are associated with ipsilateral cerebrovascular ischemia, while calcified plaque is negatively associated with downstream ischemic events.

US
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<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="H. Baradaran" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="K. Al-Dasuqi" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Knight-Greenfield" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Giambrone" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="D. Delgado" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="E.J. Ebani" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="H. Kamel" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Gupta" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2017-12-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Extracranial Vascular" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Association between Carotid Plaque Features on CTA and Cerebrovascular Ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;CTA is a widely available imaging examination that may allow the evaluation of high-risk carotid plaque features.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Our aim was to evaluate the association between specific carotid plaque features on CTA and ipsilateral cerebrovascular ischemia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;DATA SOURCES:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We performed a systematic review of Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library from inception to March 2016 for articles that evaluated the relationship between CTA-detected carotid plaque features and ischemic events, defined as ipsilateral ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;STUDY SELECTION:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sixteen studies were ultimately included after screening 12,557.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;DATA ANALYSIS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Two readers recorded data from each study and assessed the study quality with all disagreements resolved by a third reader. A random-effects OR was used to evaluate the association between cerebrovascular ischemia and each of the evaluated plaque features.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;DATA SYNTHESIS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We found significant positive relationships with cerebrovascular ischemia for the presence of soft plaque (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.4–6.0), plaque ulceration (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.4–3.4), and increased common carotid artery wall thickness (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.5–15.6). We found a significant negative relationship between calcified plaque and ipsilateral ischemia (OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.4–0.7).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;LIMITATIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We found heterogeneity in the existing literature secondary to lack of standardized plaque features and clinical definitions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Soft plaque, plaque ulceration, and increased common carotid artery wall thickness on CTA are associated with ipsilateral cerebrovascular ischemia, while calcified plaque is negatively associated with downstream ischemic events.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Association between Carotid Plaque Features on CTA and Cerebrovascular Ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND: CTA is a widely available imaging examination that may allow the evaluation of high-risk carotid plaque features.

PURPOSE: Our aim was to evaluate the association between specific carotid plaque features on CTA and ipsilateral cerebrovascular ischemia.

DATA SOURCES: We performed a systematic review of Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library from inception to March 2016 for articles that evaluated the relationship between CTA-detected carotid plaque features and ischemic events, defined as ipsilateral ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.

STUDY SELECTION: Sixteen studies were ultimately included after screening 12,557.

DATA ANALYSIS: Two readers recorded data from each study and assessed the study quality with all disagreements resolved by a third reader. A random-effects OR was used to evaluate the association between cerebrovascular ischemia and each of the evaluated plaque features.

DATA SYNTHESIS: We found significant positive relationships with cerebrovascular ischemia for the presence of soft plaque (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.4–6.0), plaque ulceration (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.4–3.4), and increased common carotid artery wall thickness (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.5–15.6). We found a significant negative relationship between calcified plaque and ipsilateral ischemia (OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.4–0.7).

LIMITATIONS: We found heterogeneity in the existing literature secondary to lack of standardized plaque features and clinical definitions.

CONCLUSIONS: Soft plaque, plaque ulceration, and increased common carotid artery wall thickness on CTA are associated with ipsilateral cerebrovascular ischemia, while calcified plaque is negatively associated with downstream ischemic events.

US
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<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Association between Carotid Plaque Features on CTA and Cerebrovascular Ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/38/12/2321" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND: CTA is a widely available imaging examination that may allow the evaluation of high-risk carotid plaque features.

PURPOSE: Our aim was to evaluate the association between specific carotid plaque features on CTA and ipsilateral cerebrovascular ischemia.

DATA SOURCES: We performed a systematic review of Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library from inception to March 2016 for articles that evaluated the relationship between CTA-detected carotid plaque features and ischemic events, defined as ipsilateral ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.

STUDY SELECTION: Sixteen studies were ultimately included after screening 12,557.

DATA ANALYSIS: Two readers recorded data from each study and assessed the study quality with all disagreements resolved by a third reader. A random-effects OR was used to evaluate the association between cerebrovascular ischemia and each of the evaluated plaque features.

DATA SYNTHESIS: We found significant positive relationships with cerebrovascular ischemia for the presence of soft plaque (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.4–6.0), plaque ulceration (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.4–3.4), and increased common carotid artery wall thickness (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.5–15.6). We found a significant negative relationship between calcified plaque and ipsilateral ischemia (OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.4–0.7).

LIMITATIONS: We found heterogeneity in the existing literature secondary to lack of standardized plaque features and clinical definitions.

CONCLUSIONS: Soft plaque, plaque ulceration, and increased common carotid artery wall thickness on CTA are associated with ipsilateral cerebrovascular ischemia, while calcified plaque is negatively associated with downstream ischemic events.

US
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">H. Baradaran</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">K. Al-Dasuqi</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">A. Knight-Greenfield</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">A. Giambrone</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">D. Delgado</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">E.J. Ebani</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">H. Kamel</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">A. Gupta</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">December 2017,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">38 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(12) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2321-2326; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5436 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-57328--61861868972" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">H. Baradaran </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (H.B., K.A.-D., A.K.-G., E.J.E., A.G.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit (H.B., H.K., A.G.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=H.%2BBaradaran%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Baradaran%20H&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AH.%2BBaradaran%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6251-5769" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for H. Baradaran</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">K. Al-Dasuqi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (H.B., K.A.-D., A.K.-G., E.J.E., A.G.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=K.%2BAl-Dasuqi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Al-Dasuqi%20K&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AK.%2BAl-Dasuqi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5737-1345" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for K. Al-Dasuqi</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Knight-Greenfield </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (H.B., K.A.-D., A.K.-G., E.J.E., A.G.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BKnight-Greenfield%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Knight-Greenfield%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BKnight-Greenfield%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4081-0449" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A. Knight-Greenfield</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Giambrone </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (H.B., K.A.-D., A.K.-G., E.J.E., A.G.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit (H.B., H.K., A.G.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (H.K., A.G.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Department of Healthcare Policy and Research (A.G.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BGiambrone%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Giambrone%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BGiambrone%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4498-8471" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A. Giambrone</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">D. Delgado </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Samuel J. Wood Library and C.V. Starr Biomedical Information Center (D.D.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=D.%2BDelgado%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Delgado%20D&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AD.%2BDelgado%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6290-3497" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for D. Delgado</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">E.J. Ebani </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (H.B., K.A.-D., A.K.-G., E.J.E., A.G.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=E.J.%2BEbani%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Ebani%20E&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AE.J.%2BEbani%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2599-4593" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for E.J. Ebani</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">H. Kamel </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit (H.B., H.K., A.G.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (H.K., A.G.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Department of Neurology (H.K.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=H.%2BKamel%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Kamel%20H&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AH.%2BKamel%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5745-0307" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for H. Kamel</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Gupta </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (H.B., K.A.-D., A.K.-G., E.J.E., A.G.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BGupta%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Gupta%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BGupta%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2816-0340" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A. 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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="section ref-list" id="ref-list-1"><h2 class="">References</h2><ol class="cit-list ref-use-labels"><li><span class="ref-label">1.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-1-1" title="View reference 1. in text" id="ref-1">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-38.12.2321.1" data-doi="10.7326/0003-4819-158-9-201305070-00007"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li>
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</li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Gupta</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">A</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Baradaran</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">H</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Schweitzer</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">AD</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Carotid plaque MRI and stroke risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Stroke</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2013</span>;<span class="cit-vol">44</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">3071</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">77</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.002551</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>23988640</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6OToic3Ryb2tlYWhhIjtzOjU6InJlc2lkIjtzOjEwOiI0NC8xMS8zMDcxIjtzOjQ6ImF0b20iO3M6MjE6Ii9ham5yLzM4LzEyLzIzMjEuYXRvbSI7fXM6ODoiZnJhZ21lbnQiO3M6MDoiIjt9" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">3.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-3-1" title="View reference 3. in text" id="ref-3">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-38.12.2321.3" data-doi="10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.006091"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li>
</li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Gupta</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">A</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kesavabhotla</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">K</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Baradaran</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">H</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Plaque echolucency and stroke risk in asymptomatic carotid stenosis a systematic review and meta-analysis</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Stroke</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2015</span>;<span class="cit-vol">46</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">91</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">97</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.006091</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>25406150</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6OToic3Ryb2tlYWhhIjtzOjU6InJlc2lkIjtzOjc6IjQ2LzEvOTEiO3M6NDoiYXRvbSI7czoyMToiL2FqbnIvMzgvMTIvMjMyMS5hdG9tIjt9czo4OiJmcmFnbWVudCI7czowOiIiO30=" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">4.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-4-1" title="View reference 4. in text" id="ref-4">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-38.12.2321.4" data-doi="10.3174/ajnr.A0950"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li>
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-issue node57326" data-node-nid="57326" id="node-57326--2129000993" data-pisa="ajnr;38/12" data-pisa-master="ajnr;38/12" data-apath="/ajnr/38/12.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-issue highwire-citation-jcore-issue-widget clearfix">
    
      <div class="highwire-cite-highlight"><a href="/content/38/12"  class="highlight-image-linked"><img class="highlight-image" src="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/highwire/ajnr/38/12.cover-source.jpg?itok=shIID2D8" alt="American Journal of Neuroradiology: 38 (12)" /></a></div>
  
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          <a href="/content/38/12" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">American Journal of Neuroradiology</span></a>      
      
        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 38</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 12 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Dec 2017 </div></div>
      
      
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Association between Carotid Plaque Features on CTA and Cerebrovascular Ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Baradaran</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">K.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Al-Dasuqi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Knight-Greenfield</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Giambrone</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Delgado</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">E.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Ebani</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kamel</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Gupta</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Dec 2017, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">38 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(12) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2321-2326; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A5436 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Association between Carotid Plaque Features on CTA and Cerebrovascular Ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Baradaran</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">K.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Al-Dasuqi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Knight-Greenfield</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Giambrone</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Delgado</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">E.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Ebani</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kamel</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Gupta</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Dec 2017, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">38 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(12) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2321-2326; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A5436 </span></div>
  
  
  
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