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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Multivariate Analysis of MRI Biomarkers for Predicting Neurologic Impairment in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A5021" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2017-03-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acute markers of spinal cord injury are essential for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between early MR imaging biomarkers after acute cervical spinal cord injury and to evaluate their predictive validity of neurologic impairment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 95 patients with acute spinal cord injury and preoperative MR imaging within 24 hours of injury. The American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale was used as our primary outcome measure to define neurologic impairment. We assessed several MR imaging features of injury, including axial grade (Brain and Spinal Injury Center score), sagittal grade, length of injury, maximum canal compromise, and maximum spinal cord compression. Data-driven nonlinear principal component analysis was followed by correlation and optimal-scaled multiple variable regression to predict neurologic impairment.

RESULTS: Nonlinear principal component analysis identified 2 clusters of MR imaging variables related to 1) measures of intrinsic cord signal abnormality and 2) measures of extrinsic cord compression. Neurologic impairment was best accounted for by MR imaging measures of intrinsic cord signal abnormality, with axial grade representing the most accurate predictor of short-term impairment, even when correcting for surgical decompression and degree of cord compression.

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the utility of applying nonlinear principal component analysis for defining the relationship between MR imaging biomarkers in a complex clinical syndrome of cervical spinal cord injury. Of the assessed imaging biomarkers, the intrinsic measures of cord signal abnormality were most predictive of neurologic impairment in acute spinal cord injury, highlighting the value of axial T2 MR imaging.

AIS
:   American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale
BASIC
:   Brain and Spinal Injury Center
MCC
:   maximum canal compromise
MSCC
:   maximum spinal cord compression
NL-PCA
:   nonlinear principal component analysis
PC
:   principal component
SCI
:   spinal cord injury" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. Haefeli" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.C. Mabray" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="W.D. Whetstone" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S.S. Dhall" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.Z. Pan" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P. Upadhyayula" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="G.T. Manley" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.C. Bresnahan" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.S. Beattie" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.R. Ferguson" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.F. Talbott" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2017-03-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="SPINE" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Multivariate Analysis of MRI Biomarkers for Predicting Neurologic Impairment in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Acute markers of spinal cord injury are essential for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between early MR imaging biomarkers after acute cervical spinal cord injury and to evaluate their predictive validity of neurologic impairment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We performed a retrospective cohort study of 95 patients with acute spinal cord injury and preoperative MR imaging within 24 hours of injury. The American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale was used as our primary outcome measure to define neurologic impairment. We assessed several MR imaging features of injury, including axial grade (Brain and Spinal Injury Center score), sagittal grade, length of injury, maximum canal compromise, and maximum spinal cord compression. Data-driven nonlinear principal component analysis was followed by correlation and optimal-scaled multiple variable regression to predict neurologic impairment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Nonlinear principal component analysis identified 2 clusters of MR imaging variables related to 1) measures of intrinsic cord signal abnormality and 2) measures of extrinsic cord compression. Neurologic impairment was best accounted for by MR imaging measures of intrinsic cord signal abnormality, with axial grade representing the most accurate predictor of short-term impairment, even when correcting for surgical decompression and degree of cord compression.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This study demonstrates the utility of applying nonlinear principal component analysis for defining the relationship between MR imaging biomarkers in a complex clinical syndrome of cervical spinal cord injury. Of the assessed imaging biomarkers, the intrinsic measures of cord signal abnormality were most predictive of neurologic impairment in acute spinal cord injury, highlighting the value of axial T2 MR imaging.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Multivariate Analysis of MRI Biomarkers for Predicting Neurologic Impairment in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acute markers of spinal cord injury are essential for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between early MR imaging biomarkers after acute cervical spinal cord injury and to evaluate their predictive validity of neurologic impairment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 95 patients with acute spinal cord injury and preoperative MR imaging within 24 hours of injury. The American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale was used as our primary outcome measure to define neurologic impairment. We assessed several MR imaging features of injury, including axial grade (Brain and Spinal Injury Center score), sagittal grade, length of injury, maximum canal compromise, and maximum spinal cord compression. Data-driven nonlinear principal component analysis was followed by correlation and optimal-scaled multiple variable regression to predict neurologic impairment.

RESULTS: Nonlinear principal component analysis identified 2 clusters of MR imaging variables related to 1) measures of intrinsic cord signal abnormality and 2) measures of extrinsic cord compression. Neurologic impairment was best accounted for by MR imaging measures of intrinsic cord signal abnormality, with axial grade representing the most accurate predictor of short-term impairment, even when correcting for surgical decompression and degree of cord compression.

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the utility of applying nonlinear principal component analysis for defining the relationship between MR imaging biomarkers in a complex clinical syndrome of cervical spinal cord injury. Of the assessed imaging biomarkers, the intrinsic measures of cord signal abnormality were most predictive of neurologic impairment in acute spinal cord injury, highlighting the value of axial T2 MR imaging.

AIS
:   American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale
BASIC
:   Brain and Spinal Injury Center
MCC
:   maximum canal compromise
MSCC
:   maximum spinal cord compression
NL-PCA
:   nonlinear principal component analysis
PC
:   principal component
SCI
:   spinal cord injury" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Multivariate Analysis of MRI Biomarkers for Predicting Neurologic Impairment in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/38/3/648" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acute markers of spinal cord injury are essential for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between early MR imaging biomarkers after acute cervical spinal cord injury and to evaluate their predictive validity of neurologic impairment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 95 patients with acute spinal cord injury and preoperative MR imaging within 24 hours of injury. The American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale was used as our primary outcome measure to define neurologic impairment. We assessed several MR imaging features of injury, including axial grade (Brain and Spinal Injury Center score), sagittal grade, length of injury, maximum canal compromise, and maximum spinal cord compression. Data-driven nonlinear principal component analysis was followed by correlation and optimal-scaled multiple variable regression to predict neurologic impairment.

RESULTS: Nonlinear principal component analysis identified 2 clusters of MR imaging variables related to 1) measures of intrinsic cord signal abnormality and 2) measures of extrinsic cord compression. Neurologic impairment was best accounted for by MR imaging measures of intrinsic cord signal abnormality, with axial grade representing the most accurate predictor of short-term impairment, even when correcting for surgical decompression and degree of cord compression.

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the utility of applying nonlinear principal component analysis for defining the relationship between MR imaging biomarkers in a complex clinical syndrome of cervical spinal cord injury. Of the assessed imaging biomarkers, the intrinsic measures of cord signal abnormality were most predictive of neurologic impairment in acute spinal cord injury, highlighting the value of axial T2 MR imaging.

AIS
:   American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale
BASIC
:   Brain and Spinal Injury Center
MCC
:   maximum canal compromise
MSCC
:   maximum spinal cord compression
NL-PCA
:   nonlinear principal component analysis
PC
:   principal component
SCI
:   spinal cord injury" />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node14683--7" data-node-nid="14683" id="top-node-14683--8759250776" data-pisa="ajnr;38/3/648" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A5021" data-apath="/ajnr/38/3/648.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">SPINE</span></span></div>
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access"><i class="highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access open-access hw-icon-open-access" title="Open Access" aria-hidden="true"></i><span  class="element-invisible highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access" style="">Open Access</span></span></div>
  
      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Multivariate Analysis of MRI Biomarkers for Predicting Neurologic Impairment in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">J. Haefeli</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">M.C. Mabray</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">W.D. Whetstone</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">S.S. Dhall</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">J.Z. Pan</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">P. Upadhyayula</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">G.T. Manley</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">J.C. Bresnahan</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">M.S. Beattie</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9">A.R. Ferguson</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10">J.F. Talbott</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">March 2017,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">38 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(3) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">648-655; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5021 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-14683--8759250776" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J. Haefeli </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Neurological Surgery (J.H., S.S.D., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (J.H., W.D.W., S.S.D., J.Z.P., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F., J.F.T.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.%2BHaefeli%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Haefeli%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.%2BHaefeli%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3546-728X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J. Haefeli</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M.C. Mabray </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.C.M., J.F.T.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.C.%2BMabray%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Mabray%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.C.%2BMabray%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4538-0823" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M.C. Mabray</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">W.D. Whetstone </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Emergency Medicine (W.D.W.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (J.H., W.D.W., S.S.D., J.Z.P., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F., J.F.T.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=W.D.%2BWhetstone%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Whetstone%20W&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AW.D.%2BWhetstone%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8568-6640" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for W.D. Whetstone</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S.S. Dhall </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Neurological Surgery (J.H., S.S.D., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (J.H., W.D.W., S.S.D., J.Z.P., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F., J.F.T.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.S.%2BDhall%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Dhall%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.S.%2BDhall%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6891-2722" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for S.S. Dhall</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.Z. Pan </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Anesthesia and Perioperative Care (J.Z.P.), University of California San Francisco and Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (J.H., W.D.W., S.S.D., J.Z.P., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F., J.F.T.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.Z.%2BPan%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Pan%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.Z.%2BPan%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5814-3707" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J.Z. Pan</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">P. Upadhyayula </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Neurological Surgery (J.H., S.S.D., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (J.H., W.D.W., S.S.D., J.Z.P., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F., J.F.T.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.%2BUpadhyayula%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Upadhyayula%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.%2BUpadhyayula%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2071-6965" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for P. Upadhyayula</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">G.T. Manley </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Neurological Surgery (J.H., S.S.D., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (J.H., W.D.W., S.S.D., J.Z.P., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F., J.F.T.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=G.T.%2BManley%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Manley%20G&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AG.T.%2BManley%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0926-3128" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for G.T. Manley</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.C. Bresnahan </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Neurological Surgery (J.H., S.S.D., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (J.H., W.D.W., S.S.D., J.Z.P., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F., J.F.T.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.C.%2BBresnahan%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Bresnahan%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.C.%2BBresnahan%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2243-7054" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J.C. Bresnahan</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-8"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M.S. Beattie </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Neurological Surgery (J.H., S.S.D., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (J.H., W.D.W., S.S.D., J.Z.P., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F., J.F.T.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.S.%2BBeattie%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Beattie%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.S.%2BBeattie%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-3631" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M.S. Beattie</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-9"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.R. Ferguson </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Departments of Neurological Surgery (J.H., S.S.D., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (J.H., W.D.W., S.S.D., J.Z.P., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F., J.F.T.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>San Francisco VA Medical Center (A.R.F.), San Francisco, California.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.R.%2BFerguson%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Ferguson%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.R.%2BFerguson%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7102-1608" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A.R. Ferguson</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-10"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.F. Talbott </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.C.M., J.F.T.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (J.H., W.D.W., S.S.D., J.Z.P., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F., J.F.T.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.F.%2BTalbott%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Talbott%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.F.%2BTalbott%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3943-5530" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J.F. Talbott</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="content-block-markup" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><div xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="contributors"><ol class="contributor-list" id="contrib-group-1"><li class="contributor" id="contrib-1"><span class="name">J. Haefeli</span><a id="xref-aff-1-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-5-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-5">e</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-2"><span class="name">M.C. Mabray</span><a id="xref-aff-2-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-2">b</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-3"><span class="name">W.D. Whetstone</span><a id="xref-aff-3-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-3">c</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-5-2" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-5">e</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-4"><span class="name">S.S. Dhall</span><a id="xref-aff-1-2" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-5-3" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-5">e</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-5"><span class="name">J.Z. Pan</span><a id="xref-aff-4-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-4">d</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-5-4" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-5">e</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-6"><span class="name">P. Upadhyayula</span><a id="xref-aff-1-3" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-5-5" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-5">e</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-7"><span class="name">G.T. Manley</span><a id="xref-aff-1-4" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-5-6" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-5">e</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-8"><span class="name">J.C. Bresnahan</span><a id="xref-aff-1-5" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-5-7" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-5">e</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-9"><span class="name">M.S. Beattie</span><a id="xref-aff-1-6" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-5-8" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-5">e</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-10"><span class="name">A.R. Ferguson</span><a id="xref-aff-1-7" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-5-9" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-5">e</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-6-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-6">f</a> and </li><li class="last" id="contrib-11"><span class="name">J.F. Talbott</span><a id="xref-aff-2-2" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-2">b</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-5-10" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-5">e</a></li></ol><ol class="affiliation-list"><li class="aff"><a id="aff-1" name="aff-1"></a><address><sup>a</sup>From the Departments of Neurological Surgery (J.H., S.S.D., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F.)</address></li><li class="aff"><a id="aff-2" name="aff-2"></a><address><sup>b</sup>Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.C.M., J.F.T.)</address></li><li class="aff"><a id="aff-3" name="aff-3"></a><address><sup>c</sup>Emergency Medicine (W.D.W.)</address></li><li class="aff"><a id="aff-4" name="aff-4"></a><address><sup>d</sup>Anesthesia and Perioperative Care (J.Z.P.), University of California San Francisco and Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California</address></li><li class="aff"><a id="aff-5" name="aff-5"></a><address><sup>e</sup>Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (J.H., W.D.W., S.S.D., J.Z.P., P.U., G.T.M., J.C.B., M.S.B., A.R.F., J.F.T.)</address></li><li class="aff"><a id="aff-6" name="aff-6"></a><address><sup>f</sup>San Francisco VA Medical Center (A.R.F.), San Francisco, California.</address></li></ol><ol class="corresp-list"><li class="corresp" id="corresp-1">Please address correspondence to Adam R. Ferguson, PhD, <span class="addr-line">Department of Neurological Surgery, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, Building 1, Room 101, San Francisco, CA 94110</span>; e-mail: <span class="em-link"><span class="em-addr">adam.ferguson{at}ucsf.edu</span></span></li></ol></div></div><a href="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/38/3/648.full" class="hw-link hw-link-article-full-text" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">View Full Text</a></div>  </div>

  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Multivariate Analysis of MRI Biomarkers for Predicting Neurologic Impairment in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Haefeli</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mabray</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">W.D.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Whetstone</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Dhall</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.Z.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Pan</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Upadhyayula</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.T.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Manley</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Bresnahan</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Beattie</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.R.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Ferguson</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.F.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Talbott</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Mar 2017, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">38 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(3) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">648-655; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A5021 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Multivariate Analysis of MRI Biomarkers for Predicting Neurologic Impairment in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Haefeli</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mabray</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">W.D.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Whetstone</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Dhall</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.Z.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Pan</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Upadhyayula</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.T.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Manley</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Bresnahan</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Beattie</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.R.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Ferguson</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.F.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Talbott</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Mar 2017, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">38 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(3) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">648-655; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A5021 </span></div>
  
  
  
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