1naresh2naresh<pre>Array
(
    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity] => Array
        (
            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity
            [type] => guest
            [service-id] => ajnr-ac.highwire.org
            [access-type] => Controlled
            [privilege] => Array
                (
                    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege] => Array
                        (
                            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege
                            [type] => privilege-set
                            [privilege-set] => GUEST
                        )

                )

            [credentials] => Array
                (
                    [method] => guest
                )

        )

    [9d1b845c-8ca2-4ad0-afba-12d28f137203] => Array
        (
            [runtime-id] => 9d1b845c-8ca2-4ad0-afba-12d28f137203
            [type] => toll-free-key
            [service-id] => ajnr-ac.highwire.org
            [access-type] => Controlled
            [privilege] => Array
                (
                    [9ece5a43-4e24-4fdc-8c4b-450233e2362e] => Array
                        (
                            [runtime-id] => 9ece5a43-4e24-4fdc-8c4b-450233e2362e
                            [type] => toll-free-key
                        )

                )

            [credentials] => Array
                (
                    [method] => toll-free-key
                    [value] => tf_ipsecsha;f912e9d3626e78b038e8d632394f694933b29a3c
                )

        )

)
1naresh2naresh<pre>Array
(
    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity] => Array
        (
            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity
            [type] => guest
            [service-id] => ajnr-ac.highwire.org
            [access-type] => Controlled
            [privilege] => Array
                (
                    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege] => Array
                        (
                            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege
                            [type] => privilege-set
                            [privilege-set] => GUEST
                        )

                )

            [credentials] => Array
                (
                    [method] => guest
                )

        )

    [9d1b845c-8ca2-4ad0-afba-12d28f137203] => Array
        (
            [runtime-id] => 9d1b845c-8ca2-4ad0-afba-12d28f137203
            [type] => toll-free-key
            [service-id] => ajnr-ac.highwire.org
            [access-type] => Controlled
            [privilege] => Array
                (
                    [9ece5a43-4e24-4fdc-8c4b-450233e2362e] => Array
                        (
                            [runtime-id] => 9ece5a43-4e24-4fdc-8c4b-450233e2362e
                            [type] => toll-free-key
                        )

                )

            [credentials] => Array
                (
                    [method] => toll-free-key
                    [value] => tf_ipsecsha;f912e9d3626e78b038e8d632394f694933b29a3c
                )

        )

)
1naresh2naresh<pre>Array
(
    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity] => Array
        (
            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity
            [type] => guest
            [service-id] => ajnr-ac.highwire.org
            [access-type] => Controlled
            [privilege] => Array
                (
                    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege] => Array
                        (
                            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege
                            [type] => privilege-set
                            [privilege-set] => GUEST
                        )

                )

            [credentials] => Array
                (
                    [method] => guest
                )

        )

    [9d1b845c-8ca2-4ad0-afba-12d28f137203] => Array
        (
            [runtime-id] => 9d1b845c-8ca2-4ad0-afba-12d28f137203
            [type] => toll-free-key
            [service-id] => ajnr-ac.highwire.org
            [access-type] => Controlled
            [privilege] => Array
                (
                    [9ece5a43-4e24-4fdc-8c4b-450233e2362e] => Array
                        (
                            [runtime-id] => 9ece5a43-4e24-4fdc-8c4b-450233e2362e
                            [type] => toll-free-key
                        )

                )

            [credentials] => Array
                (
                    [method] => toll-free-key
                    [value] => tf_ipsecsha;f912e9d3626e78b038e8d632394f694933b29a3c
                )

        )

)
1naresh2naresh<pre>Array
(
    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity] => Array
        (
            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity
            [type] => guest
            [service-id] => ajnr-ac.highwire.org
            [access-type] => Controlled
            [privilege] => Array
                (
                    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege] => Array
                        (
                            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege
                            [type] => privilege-set
                            [privilege-set] => GUEST
                        )

                )

            [credentials] => Array
                (
                    [method] => guest
                )

        )

    [9d1b845c-8ca2-4ad0-afba-12d28f137203] => Array
        (
            [runtime-id] => 9d1b845c-8ca2-4ad0-afba-12d28f137203
            [type] => toll-free-key
            [service-id] => ajnr-ac.highwire.org
            [access-type] => Controlled
            [privilege] => Array
                (
                    [9ece5a43-4e24-4fdc-8c4b-450233e2362e] => Array
                        (
                            [runtime-id] => 9ece5a43-4e24-4fdc-8c4b-450233e2362e
                            [type] => toll-free-key
                        )

                )

            [credentials] => Array
                (
                    [method] => toll-free-key
                    [value] => tf_ipsecsha;f912e9d3626e78b038e8d632394f694933b29a3c
                )

        )

)
1naresh2naresh<pre>Array
(
    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity] => Array
        (
            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:identity
            [type] => guest
            [service-id] => ajnr-ac.highwire.org
            [access-type] => OpenAccess
            [privilege] => Array
                (
                    [urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege] => Array
                        (
                            [runtime-id] => urn:ac.highwire.org:guest:privilege
                            [type] => privilege-set
                            [privilege-set] => GUEST
                        )

                )

            [credentials] => Array
                (
                    [method] => guest
                )

        )

    [26b75ecb-3cea-4e25-81f1-2a78faef458e] => Array
        (
            [runtime-id] => 26b75ecb-3cea-4e25-81f1-2a78faef458e
            [type] => toll-free-key
            [service-id] => ajnr-ac.highwire.org
            [access-type] => OpenAccess
            [privilege] => Array
                (
                    [40e714ee-6e02-4788-bc81-521c2e0b4b10] => Array
                        (
                            [runtime-id] => 40e714ee-6e02-4788-bc81-521c2e0b4b10
                            [type] => toll-free-key
                        )

                )

            [credentials] => Array
                (
                    [method] => toll-free-key
                    [value] => tf_ipsecsha;f912e9d3626e78b038e8d632394f694933b29a3c
                )

        )

)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr" 
  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
  xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
  <head prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns# article: http://ogp.me/ns/article# book: http://ogp.me/ns/book#" >
    <!--[if IE]><![endif]-->
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//securepubads.g.doubleclick.net" />
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//scholar.google.com" />
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//www.google.com" />
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//www.googletagmanager.com" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="citation_funding_source" content="citation_funder_id=https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003725;citation_grant_number=2020R1A2B5B01001707;citation_grant_number=2020R1A2C4001748;" />
<meta name="issue_cover_image" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/default/files/highwire/ajnr/41/11.cover-source.jpg" />
<meta name="type" content="article" />
<meta name="category" content="research-article" />
<meta name="HW.identifier" content="/ajnr/41/11/2041.atom" />
<meta name="HW.pisa" content="ajnr;41/11/2041" />
<meta name="DC.Format" content="text/html" />
<meta name="DC.Language" content="en" />
<meta name="DC.Title" content="Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A6792" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2020-11-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2020 by American Journal of Neuroradiology. Indicates open access to non-subscribers at www.ajnr.org" />
<meta name="DC.AccessRights" content="open-access" />
<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Differences in molecular properties between one-molar and half-molar gadolinium-based contrast agents are thought to affect parameters obtained from dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. The aim of our study was to investigate differences in dynamic contrast-enhanced parameters between one-molar nonionic gadobutrol and half-molar ionic gadoterate meglumine in patients with posttreatment glioma.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study enrolled 32 patients who underwent 2 20-minute dynamic contrast-enhanced examinations, one with gadobutrol and one with gadoterate meglumine. The model-free parameter of area under the signal intensity curve from 30 to 1100 seconds and the Tofts model–based pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared intraindividually using paired t tests. Patients were further divided into progression ( n  = 12) and stable ( n  = 20) groups, which were compared using Student t tests.

RESULTS: Gadobutrol and gadoterate meglumine did not show any significant differences in the area under the signal intensity curve or pharmacokinetic parameters of K trans, Ve, Vp, or Kep (all P  &gt; .05). Gadobutrol showed a significantly higher mean wash-in rate (0.83 ± 0.64 versus 0.29 ± 0.63, P  = .013) and a significantly lower mean washout rate (0.001 ± 0.0001 versus 0.002 ± 0.002, P  = .02) than gadoterate meglumine. Trends toward higher area under the curve, K trans, Ve, Vp, wash-in, and washout rates and lower Kep were observed in the progression group in comparison with the treatment-related-change group, regardless of the contrast agent used.

CONCLUSIONS: Model-free and pharmacokinetic parameters did not show any significant differences between the 2 gadolinium-based contrast agents, except for a higher wash-in rate with gadobutrol and a higher washout rate with gadoterate meglumine, supporting the interchangeable use of gadolinium-based contrast agents for dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging in patients with posttreatment glioma.

DCE
:   dynamic contrast-enhanced
CE
:   contrast-enhanced
GBCA
:   gadolinium-based contrast agent
IAUC
:   initial area under the time-to-signal intensity curve
Kep
:   rate transfer constant
K trans
:   volume transfer constant
Ve
:   extravascular-extracellular space per unit volume of tissue
Vp
:   blood plasma volume per unit volume of tissue
WHO
:   World Health Organization" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.E. Park" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.Y. Kim" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="H.S. Kim" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="W.H. Shim" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2020-11-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Adult Brain" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Differences in molecular properties between one-molar and half-molar gadolinium-based contrast agents are thought to affect parameters obtained from dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. The aim of our study was to investigate differences in dynamic contrast-enhanced parameters between one-molar nonionic gadobutrol and half-molar ionic gadoterate meglumine in patients with posttreatment glioma.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This prospective study enrolled 32 patients who underwent 2 20-minute dynamic contrast-enhanced examinations, one with gadobutrol and one with gadoterate meglumine. The model-free parameter of area under the signal intensity curve from 30 to 1100 seconds and the Tofts model–based pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared intraindividually using paired &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; tests. Patients were further divided into progression (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 12) and stable (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 20) groups, which were compared using Student &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; tests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Gadobutrol and gadoterate meglumine did not show any significant differences in the area under the signal intensity curve or pharmacokinetic parameters of &lt;i&gt;K&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;trans&lt;/sup&gt;, V&lt;sub&gt;e&lt;/sub&gt;, V&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;, or K&lt;sub&gt;ep&lt;/sub&gt; (all &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;&amp;gt; .05). Gadobutrol showed a significantly higher mean wash-in rate (0.83 ± 0.64 versus 0.29 ± 0.63, &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;= .013) and a significantly lower mean washout rate (0.001 ± 0.0001 versus 0.002 ± 0.002, &lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;= .02) than gadoterate meglumine. Trends toward higher area under the curve, &lt;i&gt;K&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;trans&lt;/sup&gt;, V&lt;sub&gt;e&lt;/sub&gt;, V&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;, wash-in, and washout rates and lower K&lt;sub&gt;ep&lt;/sub&gt; were observed in the progression group in comparison with the treatment-related-change group, regardless of the contrast agent used.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Model-free and pharmacokinetic parameters did not show any significant differences between the 2 gadolinium-based contrast agents, except for a higher wash-in rate with gadobutrol and a higher washout rate with gadoterate meglumine, supporting the interchangeable use of gadolinium-based contrast agents for dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging in patients with posttreatment glioma.&lt;/p&gt;" />
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="citation_publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2020/11/01" />
<meta name="citation_mjid" content="ajnr;41/11/2041" />
<meta name="citation_id" content="41/11/2041" />
<meta name="citation_public_url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041" />
<meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041.abstract" />
<meta name="citation_full_html_url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041.full" />
<meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/ajnr/41/11/2041.full.pdf" />
<meta name="citation_issn" content="0195-6108" />
<meta name="citation_issn" content="1936-959X" />
<meta name="citation_doi" content="10.3174/ajnr.A6792" />
<meta name="citation_pmid" content="33060100" />
<meta name="citation_volume" content="41" />
<meta name="citation_issue" content="11" />
<meta name="citation_article_type" content="Research Article" />
<meta name="citation_section" content="Adult Brain" />
<meta name="citation_firstpage" content="2041" />
<meta name="citation_lastpage" content="2048" />
<meta name="citation_access" content="all" />
<meta name="citation_author" content="J.E. Park" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="aFrom the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.E.P., H.S.K., W.H.S.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea" />
<meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-4682" />
<meta name="citation_author" content="J.Y. Kim" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="bDepartment of Radiology (J.Y.K.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea." />
<meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0619-0637" />
<meta name="citation_author" content="H.S. Kim" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="aFrom the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.E.P., H.S.K., W.H.S.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea" />
<meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9477-7421" />
<meta name="citation_author" content="W.H. Shim" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="aFrom the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.E.P., H.S.K., W.H.S.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea" />
<meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7251-2916" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Medicine (Baltimore);citation_author=SR. Chung;citation_author=YJ. Choi;citation_author=HS. Kim;citation_title=Tumor vascular permeability pattern is associated with complete response in immunocompetent patients with newly diagnosed primary central nervous system lymphoma: retrospective cohort study;citation_pages=e2624;citation_volume=95;citation_year=2016;citation_pmid=26871782;citation_doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000002624" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Advanced drug delivery reviews;citation_journal_abbrev=Adv Drug Deliv Rev;citation_author=RK. Jain;citation_title=Delivery of molecular and cellular medicine to solid tumors.;citation_pages=149-168;citation_volume=46;citation_year=2001;citation_issue=1-3;citation_pmid=11259838;citation_doi=10.1016/S0169-409X(00)00131-9" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Journal of magnetic resonance imaging :  JMRI;citation_journal_abbrev=J Magn Reson Imaging;citation_author=PL. Choyke;citation_author=AJ. Dwyer;citation_author=MV. Knopp;citation_title=Functional tumor imaging with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.;citation_pages=509-520;citation_volume=17;citation_year=2003;citation_issue=5;citation_pmid=12720260;citation_doi=10.1002/jmri.10304" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol;citation_author=TB. Nguyen;citation_author=GO. Cron;citation_author=JF. Mercier;citation_title=Diagnostic accuracy of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging using a phase-derived vascular input function in the preoperative grading of gliomas;citation_volume=33;citation_year=2012;citation_pmid=22442046;citation_doi=10.3174/ajnr.A3012" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=American Journal of Neuroradiology;citation_journal_abbrev=Am. J. Neuroradiol.;citation_author=SJ. Mills;citation_author=TA. Patankar;citation_author=HA. Haroon;citation_title=Do cerebral blood volume and contrast transfer coefficient predict prognosis in human glioma?;citation_pages=853-858;citation_volume=27;citation_year=2006;citation_issue=4;citation_pmid=16611778" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Signal;citation_author=PS. Tofts;citation_title=T1-weighted DCE imaging concepts: modelling, acquisition and analysis;citation_pages=400;citation_volume=500;citation_year=2010;citation_issue=450" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Journal of magnetic resonance imaging :  JMRI;citation_journal_abbrev=J Magn Reson Imaging;citation_author=JL. Evelhoch;citation_title=Key factors in the acquisition of contrast kinetic data for oncology.;citation_pages=254-259;citation_volume=10;citation_year=1999;citation_issue=3;citation_pmid=10508284;citation_doi=10.1002/(SICI)1522-2586(199909)10:3&lt;254::AID-JMRI5&gt;3.0.CO;2-9" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Radiology;citation_author=B. Lemasson;citation_author=R. Serduc;citation_author=C. Maisin;citation_title=Monitoring blood-brain barrier status in a rat model of glioma receiving therapy: dual injection of low-molecular-weight and macromolecular MR contrast media;citation_volume=257;citation_year=2010;citation_pmid=20829544;citation_doi=10.1148/radiol.10092343" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Neuroradiology;citation_author=VA. Larsen;citation_author=HJ. Simonsen;citation_author=I. Law;citation_title=Evaluation of dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted perfusion MRI in the differentiation of tumor recurrence from radiation necrosis;citation_pages=361-69;citation_volume=55;citation_year=2013;citation_pmid=23262559;citation_doi=10.1007/s00234-012-1127-4" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism;citation_journal_abbrev=J Cereb Blood Flow Metab;citation_author=B. Marine;citation_author=L. Benjamin;citation_author=F. Régine;citation_title=Characterization of Tumor Angiogenesis in Rat Brain Using Iron-Based Vessel Size Index MRI in Combination with Gadolinium-Based Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI;citation_pages=1714-1726;citation_volume=29;citation_year=2009;citation_issue=10;citation_pmid=19584891;citation_doi=10.1038/jcbfm.2009.86" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol;citation_author=P. Kickingereder;citation_author=F. Sahm;citation_author=B. Wiestler;citation_title=Evaluation of microvascular permeability with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI for the differentiation of primary CNS lymphoma and glioblastoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation;citation_volume=35;citation_year=2014;citation_pmid=24722313;citation_doi=10.3174/ajnr.A3915" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Radiology;citation_author=N. Anzalone;citation_author=A. Castellano;citation_author=M. Cadioli;citation_title=Brain gliomas: multicenter standardized assessment of dynamic contrast-enhanced and dynamic susceptibility contrast MR images;citation_pages=933-43;citation_volume=287;citation_year=2018;citation_pmid=29361245;citation_doi=10.1148/radiol.2017170362" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Magnetic resonance in medicine :  official journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine;citation_journal_abbrev=Magn Reson Med;citation_author=A. Gillis;citation_author=M. Gray;citation_author=D. Burstein;citation_title=Relaxivity and diffusion of gadolinium agents in cartilage.;citation_pages=1068-1071;citation_volume=48;citation_year=2002;citation_issue=6;citation_pmid=12465119;citation_doi=10.1002/mrm.10327" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=European journal of radiology;citation_journal_abbrev=Eur J Radiol;citation_author=E. Wiener;citation_author=K. Woertler;citation_author=G. Weirich;citation_title=Contrast enhanced cartilage imaging: Comparison of ionic and non-ionic contrast agents.;citation_pages=110-119;citation_volume=63;citation_year=2007;citation_issue=1;citation_pmid=17306946;citation_doi=10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.01.019" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Invest Radiol;citation_author=G. Knobloch;citation_author=T. Frenzel;citation_author=H. Pietsch;citation_title=Signal enhancement and enhancement kinetics of gadobutrol, gadoteridol, and gadoterate meglumine in various body regions: a comparative animal study;citation_pages=367-73;citation_volume=55;citation_year=2020;citation_pmid=31985602;citation_doi=10.1097/RLI.0000000000000645" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Invest Radiol;citation_author=DM. Renz;citation_author=T. Durmus;citation_author=J. Bottcher;citation_title=Comparison of gadoteric acid and gadobutrol for detection as well as morphologic and dynamic characterization of lesions on breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging;citation_pages=474-84;citation_volume=49;citation_year=2014;citation_pmid=24637587;citation_doi=10.1097/RLI.0000000000000039" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=European journal of radiology;citation_journal_abbrev=Eur J Radiol;citation_author=MF. Bellin;citation_author=AJ. Van Der Molen;citation_title=Extracellular gadolinium-based contrast media: an overview.;citation_pages=160-167;citation_volume=66;citation_year=2008;citation_issue=2;citation_pmid=18358659;citation_doi=10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.01.023" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Investigative radiology;citation_journal_abbrev=Invest Radiol;citation_author=M. Rohrer;citation_author=H. Bauer;citation_author=J. Mintorovitch;citation_title=Comparison of magnetic properties of MRI contrast media solutions at different magnetic field strengths.;citation_pages=715-724;citation_volume=40;citation_year=2005;citation_issue=11;citation_pmid=16230904;citation_doi=10.1097/01.rli.0000184756.66360.d3" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Acta neuropathologica;citation_journal_abbrev=Acta Neuropathol (Berl);citation_author=A. Bertolotto;citation_author=MT. Giordana;citation_author=ML. Magrassi;citation_title=Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in human cerebral tumors. Part 1. Biochemical findings.;citation_pages=115-119;citation_volume=58;citation_year=1982;citation_issue=2;citation_pmid=6817587;citation_doi=10.1007/BF00691651" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Journal of neuro-oncology;citation_journal_abbrev=J Neurooncol;citation_author=A. Bertolotto;citation_author=ML. Magrassi;citation_author=L. Orsi;citation_title=Glycosaminoglycan changes in human gliomas. A biochemical study.;citation_pages=43-48;citation_volume=4;citation_year=1986;citation_issue=1;citation_pmid=3746384;citation_doi=10.1007/BF02158001" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Journal of cellular biochemistry;citation_journal_abbrev=J Cell Biochem;citation_author=MA. Bourdon;citation_author=TJ. Matthews;citation_author=SV. Pizzo;citation_title=Immunochemical and biochemical characterization of a glioma-associated extracellular matrix glycoprotein.;citation_pages=183-195;citation_volume=28;citation_year=1985;citation_issue=3;citation_pmid=4066774;citation_doi=10.1002/jcb.240280302" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Acta Neuropathol;citation_author=DN. Louis;citation_author=A. Perry;citation_author=G. Reifenberger;citation_title=The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary;citation_pages=803-20;citation_volume=131;citation_year=2016;citation_pmid=27157931;citation_doi=10.1007/s00401-016-1545-1" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Front Oncol;citation_author=JA. Cuoco;citation_author=BJ. Klein;citation_author=CM. Busch;citation_title=Corticosteroid-induced regression of glioblastoma: a radiographic conundrum;citation_pages=1288;citation_volume=9;citation_year=2019;citation_pmid=31824861;citation_doi=10.3389/fonc.2019.01288" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Magnetic resonance in medicine :  official journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine;citation_journal_abbrev=Magn Reson Med;citation_author=PS. Tofts;citation_author=AG. Kermode;citation_title=Measurement of the blood-brain barrier permeability and leakage space using dynamic MR imaging. 1. Fundamental concepts.;citation_pages=357-367;citation_volume=17;citation_year=1991;citation_issue=2;citation_pmid=2062210;citation_doi=10.1002/mrm.1910170208" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Magnetic resonance in medicine :  official journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine;citation_journal_abbrev=Magn Reson Med;citation_author=EM. Haacke;citation_author=CL. Filleti;citation_author=R. Gattu;citation_title=New algorithm for quantifying vascular changes in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI independent of absolute T1 values.;citation_pages=463-472;citation_volume=58;citation_year=2007;citation_issue=3;citation_pmid=17763352;citation_doi=10.1002/mrm.21358" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol;citation_author=SC. Jung;citation_author=JA. Yeom;citation_author=JH. Kim;citation_title=Glioma: Application of histogram analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters from T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging to tumor grading;citation_volume=35;citation_year=2014;citation_pmid=24384119;citation_doi=10.3174/ajnr.A3825" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=J Clin Oncol;citation_author=PY. Wen;citation_author=DR. Macdonald;citation_author=DA. Reardon;citation_title=Updated response assessment criteria for high-grade gliomas: Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology working group;citation_volume=28;citation_year=2010;citation_pmid=20231676;citation_doi=10.1200/JCO.2009.26.3541" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Radiology;citation_author=WJ. Chung;citation_author=HS. Kim;citation_author=N. Kim;citation_title=Recurrent glioblastoma: optimum area under the curve method derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted perfusion MR imaging;citation_volume=269;citation_year=2013;citation_pmid=23878286;citation_doi=10.1148/radiol.13130016" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Radiology;citation_author=TJ. Yun;citation_author=CK. Park;citation_author=TM. Kim;citation_title=Glioblastoma treated with concurrent radiation therapy and temozolomide chemotherapy: differentiation of true progression from pseudoprogression with quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging;citation_pages=830-40;citation_volume=274;citation_year=2015;citation_pmid=25333475;citation_doi=10.1148/radiol.14132632" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=J Neurooncol;citation_author=AA. Thomas;citation_author=J. Arevalo-Perez;citation_author=T. Kaley;citation_title=Dynamic contrast enhanced T1 MRI perfusion differentiates pseudoprogression from recurrent glioblastoma;citation_pages=183-90;citation_volume=125;citation_year=2015;citation_pmid=26275367;citation_doi=10.1007/s11060-015-1893-z" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Radiology;citation_author=RG. Yoon;citation_author=HS. Kim;citation_author=MJ. Koh;citation_title=Differentiation of recurrent glioblastoma from delayed radiation necrosis by using voxel-based multiparametric analysis of MR imaging data;citation_pages=206-13;citation_volume=285;citation_year=2017;citation_pmid=28535120;citation_doi=10.1148/radiol.2017161588" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Radiology;citation_author=JE. Park;citation_author=HS. Kim;citation_author=MJ. Goh;citation_title=Pseudoprogression in patients with glioblastoma: assessment by using volume-weighted voxel-based multiparametric clustering of MR imaging data in an independent test set;citation_pages=792-802;citation_volume=275;citation_year=2015;citation_pmid=25611736;citation_doi=10.1148/radiol.14141414" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Neuro Oncol;citation_author=J. Narang;citation_author=R. Jain;citation_author=AS. Arbab;citation_title=Differentiating treatment-induced necrosis from recurrent/progressive brain tumor using nonmodel-based semiquantitative indices derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR perfusion;citation_volume=13;citation_year=2011;citation_pmid=21803763;citation_doi=10.1093/neuonc/nor075" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol;citation_author=JD. Hamilton;citation_author=J. Lin;citation_author=C. Ison;citation_title=Dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion processing for neuroradiologists: model-dependent analysis may not be necessary for determining recurrent high-grade glioma versus treatment effect;citation_volume=36;citation_year=2015;citation_pmid=25500312;citation_doi=10.3174/ajnr.A4190" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Journal of magnetic resonance imaging :  JMRI;citation_journal_abbrev=J Magn Reson Imaging;citation_author=S. Haneder;citation_author=UI. Attenberger;citation_author=SO. Schoenberg;citation_title=Comparison of 0.5M gadoterate and 1.0M gadobutrol in peripheral MRA: A prospective, single-center, randomized, crossover, double-blind study.;citation_pages=1213-1221;citation_volume=36;citation_year=2012;citation_issue=5;citation_pmid=22848033;citation_doi=10.1002/jmri.23760" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Eur Radiol;citation_author=EM. Fallenberg;citation_author=DM. Renz;citation_author=B. Karle;citation_title=Intraindividual, randomized comparison of the macrocyclic contrast agents gadobutrol and gadoterate meglumine in breast magnetic resonance imaging;citation_pages=837-49;citation_volume=25;citation_year=2015;citation_pmid=25249313;citation_doi=10.1007/s00330-014-3426-0" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Eur J Radiol;citation_author=N. Anzalone;citation_author=T. Scarabino;citation_author=C. Venturi;citation_title=Cerebral neoplastic enhancing lesions: multicenter, randomized, crossover intraindividual comparison between gadobutrol (1.0M) and gadoterate meglumine (0.5M) at 0.1 mmol Gd/kg body weight in a clinical setting;citation_pages=139-45;citation_volume=82;citation_year=2013;citation_pmid=21890295;citation_doi=10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.07.005" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol;citation_author=KR. Maravilla;citation_author=D. San-Juan;citation_author=SJ. Kim;citation_title=Comparison of gadoterate meglumine and gadobutrol in the MRI diagnosis of primary brain tumors: a double-blind randomized controlled intraindividual crossover study (the REMIND study);citation_volume=38;citation_year=2017;citation_pmid=28663267;citation_doi=10.3174/ajnr.A5316" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Eur Radiol;citation_author=F. Pediconi;citation_author=R. Kubik-Huch;citation_author=B. Chilla;citation_title=Intra-individual randomised comparison of gadobutrol 1.0 M versus gadobenate dimeglumine 0.5 M in patients scheduled for preoperative breast MRI;citation_pages=84-92;citation_volume=23;citation_year=2013;citation_pmid=22797979;citation_doi=10.1007/s00330-012-2557-4" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Eur Radiol;citation_author=M. Koenig;citation_author=G. Schulte-Altedorneburg;citation_author=M. Piontek;citation_title=Intra-individual, randomised comparison of the MRI contrast agents gadobutrol versus gadoteridol in patients with primary and secondary brain tumours, evaluated in a blinded read;citation_pages=3287-95;citation_volume=23;citation_year=2013;citation_pmid=23824152;citation_doi=10.1007/s00330-013-2946-3" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Curr Urol;citation_author=T. Hara;citation_author=T. Ogata;citation_author=H. Wada;citation_title=Prostate cancer detection with multiparametric MRI: a comparison of 1 M-concentration gadobutrol with 0.5 m-concentration gadolinium-based contrast agents;citation_pages=201-05;citation_volume=11;citation_year=2018;citation_pmid=29997463;citation_doi=10.1159/000447219" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Eur Radiol;citation_author=M. Saake;citation_author=S. Langner;citation_author=C. Schwenke;citation_title=MRI in multiple sclerosis: an intra-individual, randomized and multicentric comparison of gadobutrol with gadoterate meglumine at 3 T;citation_pages=820-28;citation_volume=26;citation_year=2016;citation_pmid=26123410;citation_doi=10.1007/s00330-015-3889-7" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol;citation_author=KR. Maravilla;citation_author=MP. Smith;citation_author=J. Vymazal;citation_title=Are there differences between macrocyclic gadolinium contrast agents for brain tumor imaging? Results of a multicenter intraindividual crossover comparison of gadobutrol with gadoteridol (the TRUTH study);citation_volume=36;citation_year=2015;citation_pmid=25300984;citation_doi=10.3174/ajnr.A4154" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Eur Radiol;citation_author=AA. Rahsepar;citation_author=A. Ghasemiesfe;citation_author=K. Suwa;citation_title=Comprehensive evaluation of macroscopic and microscopic myocardial fibrosis by cardiac MR: intra-individual comparison of gadobutrol versus gadoterate meglumine;citation_pages=4357-67;citation_volume=29;citation_year=2019;citation_pmid=30617490;citation_doi=10.1007/s00330-018-5956-3" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Investigative radiology;citation_journal_abbrev=Invest Radiol;citation_author=T. Frenzel;citation_author=P. Lengsfeld;citation_author=H. Schirmer;citation_title=Stability of gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents in human serum at 37 degrees C.;citation_pages=817-828;citation_volume=43;citation_year=2008;citation_issue=12;citation_pmid=19002053;citation_doi=10.1097/RLI.0b013e3181852171" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=European radiology;citation_journal_abbrev=Eur Radiol;citation_author=MA. Sieber;citation_author=P. Lengsfeld;citation_author=T. Frenzel;citation_title=Preclinical investigation to compare different gadolinium-based contrast agents regarding their propensity to release gadolinium in vivo and to trigger nephrogenic systemic fibrosis-like lesions.;citation_pages=2164-2173;citation_volume=18;citation_year=2008;citation_issue=10;citation_pmid=18545998;citation_doi=10.1007/s00330-008-0977-y" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Journal of magnetic resonance imaging :  JMRI;citation_journal_abbrev=J Magn Reson Imaging;citation_author=UI. Attenberger;citation_author=VM. Runge;citation_author=JN. Morelli;citation_title=Evaluation of gadobutrol, a macrocyclic, nonionic gadolinium chelate in a brain glioma model: comparison with gadoterate meglumine and gadopentetate dimeglumine at 1.5 T, combined with an assessment of field strength dependence, specifically 1.5 versus 3 T;citation_pages=549-555;citation_volume=31;citation_year=2010;citation_issue=3;citation_pmid=20187196;citation_doi=10.1002/jmri.22089" />
<meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_journal_title=Clinical Cancer Research;citation_journal_abbrev=Clin. Cancer Res.;citation_author=JL. Evelhoch;citation_author=PM. LoRusso;citation_author=Z. He;citation_title=Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measurements of the Response of Murine and Human Tumors to the Vascular-Targeting Agent ZD6126;citation_pages=3650-3657;citation_volume=10;citation_year=2004;citation_issue=11;citation_pmid=15173071;citation_doi=10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-03-0417" />
<meta name="citation_fulltext_world_readable" content="" />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta name="twitter:image" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/default/files/highwire/ajnr/41/11.cover-source.jpg" />
<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Differences in molecular properties between one-molar and half-molar gadolinium-based contrast agents are thought to affect parameters obtained from dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. The aim of our study was to investigate differences in dynamic contrast-enhanced parameters between one-molar nonionic gadobutrol and half-molar ionic gadoterate meglumine in patients with posttreatment glioma.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study enrolled 32 patients who underwent 2 20-minute dynamic contrast-enhanced examinations, one with gadobutrol and one with gadoterate meglumine. The model-free parameter of area under the signal intensity curve from 30 to 1100 seconds and the Tofts model–based pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared intraindividually using paired t tests. Patients were further divided into progression ( n  = 12) and stable ( n  = 20) groups, which were compared using Student t tests.

RESULTS: Gadobutrol and gadoterate meglumine did not show any significant differences in the area under the signal intensity curve or pharmacokinetic parameters of K trans, Ve, Vp, or Kep (all P  &gt; .05). Gadobutrol showed a significantly higher mean wash-in rate (0.83 ± 0.64 versus 0.29 ± 0.63, P  = .013) and a significantly lower mean washout rate (0.001 ± 0.0001 versus 0.002 ± 0.002, P  = .02) than gadoterate meglumine. Trends toward higher area under the curve, K trans, Ve, Vp, wash-in, and washout rates and lower Kep were observed in the progression group in comparison with the treatment-related-change group, regardless of the contrast agent used.

CONCLUSIONS: Model-free and pharmacokinetic parameters did not show any significant differences between the 2 gadolinium-based contrast agents, except for a higher wash-in rate with gadobutrol and a higher washout rate with gadoterate meglumine, supporting the interchangeable use of gadolinium-based contrast agents for dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging in patients with posttreatment glioma.

DCE
:   dynamic contrast-enhanced
CE
:   contrast-enhanced
GBCA
:   gadolinium-based contrast agent
IAUC
:   initial area under the time-to-signal intensity curve
Kep
:   rate transfer constant
K trans
:   volume transfer constant
Ve
:   extravascular-extracellular space per unit volume of tissue
Vp
:   blood plasma volume per unit volume of tissue
WHO
:   World Health Organization" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Differences in molecular properties between one-molar and half-molar gadolinium-based contrast agents are thought to affect parameters obtained from dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. The aim of our study was to investigate differences in dynamic contrast-enhanced parameters between one-molar nonionic gadobutrol and half-molar ionic gadoterate meglumine in patients with posttreatment glioma.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study enrolled 32 patients who underwent 2 20-minute dynamic contrast-enhanced examinations, one with gadobutrol and one with gadoterate meglumine. The model-free parameter of area under the signal intensity curve from 30 to 1100 seconds and the Tofts model–based pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared intraindividually using paired t tests. Patients were further divided into progression ( n  = 12) and stable ( n  = 20) groups, which were compared using Student t tests.

RESULTS: Gadobutrol and gadoterate meglumine did not show any significant differences in the area under the signal intensity curve or pharmacokinetic parameters of K trans, Ve, Vp, or Kep (all P  &gt; .05). Gadobutrol showed a significantly higher mean wash-in rate (0.83 ± 0.64 versus 0.29 ± 0.63, P  = .013) and a significantly lower mean washout rate (0.001 ± 0.0001 versus 0.002 ± 0.002, P  = .02) than gadoterate meglumine. Trends toward higher area under the curve, K trans, Ve, Vp, wash-in, and washout rates and lower Kep were observed in the progression group in comparison with the treatment-related-change group, regardless of the contrast agent used.

CONCLUSIONS: Model-free and pharmacokinetic parameters did not show any significant differences between the 2 gadolinium-based contrast agents, except for a higher wash-in rate with gadobutrol and a higher washout rate with gadoterate meglumine, supporting the interchangeable use of gadolinium-based contrast agents for dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging in patients with posttreatment glioma.

DCE
:   dynamic contrast-enhanced
CE
:   contrast-enhanced
GBCA
:   gadolinium-based contrast agent
IAUC
:   initial area under the time-to-signal intensity curve
Kep
:   rate transfer constant
K trans
:   volume transfer constant
Ve
:   extravascular-extracellular space per unit volume of tissue
Vp
:   blood plasma volume per unit volume of tissue
WHO
:   World Health Organization" />
<meta name="og-type" property="og:type" content="article" />
<meta name="og-image" property="og:image" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/default/files/highwire/ajnr/41/11.cover-source.jpg" />
<meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)" />
<script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];window.dataLayer.push({"page":{"hwTitle":"Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study","hwUrl":"http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041","hwPath":"/content/41/11/2041/tab-references","hwType":"journal page"},"user":{"hwMemberID":"","hwLoggedIntoInstitutionID":"","hwLoggedIntoInstitution":"","hwAccessUsageTerms":"guest","hwRegisteredUser":"no","hwHasFullTextAccess":"yes","hwEntitled":"no"},"content":{"hwIssueDate":"2020-11-01","hwIssueDateTime":"2020-11-01 00:00:00","hwPublicationDate":"2020-11-11","hwPublicationDateTime":"2020-11-11 08:00:45","hwNlmArticleType":"research-article","hwDOI":"10.3174/ajnr.A6792","hwAuthors":"J.E. Park,J.Y. Kim,H.S. Kim,W.H. Shim","hwContributors":"","hwIsEarlyRelease":"no","hwEissn":"1936-959X","hwPissn":"0195-6108","hwVolume":"41","hwIssue":"11","hwArticleType":"Adult Brain","hwTabView":"main_tab","hwViewType":"full","hwAccessType":"OpenAccess","hwOpenAccess":"yes","hwFreeAccess":"yes","hwTaxonomy":"","hwCorpusCode":"ajnr","hwType":"article","hwSubtitle":null,"hwOverline":null,"hwPisaId":"ajnr;41/11/2041","hwFirstPage":"2041","hwLastPage":"2048","hwIsLatestVersion":"yes","hwIsCurrentIssue":"no","hwIsOpenIssue":"no","hwHasFullText":"yes","hwHasPDF":"yes","hwParentTitle":"American Journal of Neuroradiology: 41 (11)","hwElectronicPubDate":"2020-11-11","hwElectronicPubDateTime":"2020-11-11 08:00:45"}});
//--><!]]></script>
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/default/files/images/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint" title="Powerpoint" href="/content/41/11/2041.ppt" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<link rel="alternate" type="text/plain" title="Full Text (Plain)" href="/content/41/11/2041.full.txt" />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/pdf" title="Full Text (PDF)" href="/content/41/11/2041.full.pdf" />
<link rel="canonical" href="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041" />
<link rel="shortlink" href="/node/80904" />
    <title>Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study | American Journal of Neuroradiology</title>  
    <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__BJ6Ou6QsBRtnFTmxaakamOIS8n4QswDP2XnnZ1sxtaM__NBuvkP6eInGIkb1aJvUHx5PX79XApuxBDkk_77W5tYk__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.css" media="all" />
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__azeXjFYQUa4gTbdEg4sgM2osudOlAYwVv6vNmRXI3ac__zr83wx5lNxUVx-jSIFm8RDKOeMAB7RbaBxriFHS3dt4__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.css" media="all" />
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__Ep75tNOnm8H2Mejav16FnGCfM1sLwyporbQrCIgwg3g__vXGjszfa0bvxzymQ8Cfns-o2huFvm80jp3igN8XcYeI__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.css" media="all" />
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__TKi6DXKzgLPdEthh1Tnc63zY1QF4rLZHoM06Xy7VN6g__zaEHphFiBcrl8WVy_4n080y02dQ7HKxd_aqZbYgQ5Z0__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.css" media="all" />
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/highwire.style.highwire.css?sycxuq" media="all" />
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__ZVY_aBeelLc_3Mlq7WMksqKXaZXt3eAay1O-HA4MyPM__fuhJrvNIsB1A1Yn41V2kgtv9cQ4_v_t4ljuGDEMzDHw__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.css" media="all" />
<style type="text/css" media="all">
/* <![CDATA[ */
#sliding-popup.sliding-popup-bottom,#sliding-popup.sliding-popup-bottom .eu-cookie-withdraw-banner,.eu-cookie-withdraw-tab{background:#000000;}#sliding-popup.sliding-popup-bottom.eu-cookie-withdraw-wrapper{background:transparent}#sliding-popup .popup-content #popup-text h1,#sliding-popup .popup-content #popup-text h2,#sliding-popup .popup-content #popup-text h3,#sliding-popup .popup-content #popup-text p,.eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button,.eu-cookie-withdraw-tab{color:#ffffff !important;}.eu-cookie-withdraw-tab{border-color:#ffffff;}.eu-cookie-compliance-more-button{color:#ffffff !important;}

/* ]]> */
</style>

<!--[if lte IE 7]>
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__ElJr3PIJEvw3qLXc1cnYiLj2G4KgDPSXFOfm6Phf8hw__JdWGm15cDWjsK6KrFlQVXQix9YgNeYysf22XZHj-Y-c__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.css" media="all" />
<![endif]-->
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__Wnlyen9qEpwh_Qaf9okEu4QdVGM0BDothxeqA6Nbvo8__EJmw6SZD9bYoS8jocCpPYS3JFRURpdzmuvJoAUNiI-g__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.css" media="all" />
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__nv7Hafs9UucfV8bmT4epWF4zWAFU2G9JLHVgOOHDqbA__k9QUw6MohZGXV0YlzqvUpPTbyzhbizsKOi4x3aA7Tx0__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.css" media="all" />

<!--[if (lt IE 9)&(!IEMobile)]>
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__XH6bpcI0f2dImc-p674DLCZtWBGb-QwxJK1YexVGtno__vUceGprdo5nIhV6DH93X7fI3r8RcTJbChbas9TQXeW4__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.css" media="all" />
<![endif]-->

<!--[if gte IE 9]><!-->
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__2WBMox6sOrN42ss5lCnH7WWVRdFdJCxtTKnQJYRwTE4__yqNvNYLvMpjy3ffuJrjjm9uW2i-Me1c23KLYuWHaqio__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.css" media="all" />
<!--<![endif]-->
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__wxg7u6KrkAKrph8zjmzjNAiqxtVP2vhMWX2NZ6DPPZE__ECvRNuvDf2Tm_Pc-j1mEkt48QjmIz2s2CyWDspWAhhI__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.css" media="all" />
    <script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
/*!
 * yepnope1.5.4
 * (c) WTFPL, GPLv2
 */
(function(a,b,c){function d(a){return"[object Function]"==o.call(a)}function e(a){return"string"==typeof a}function f(){}function g(a){return!a||"loaded"==a||"complete"==a||"uninitialized"==a}function h(){var a=p.shift();q=1,a?a.t?m(function(){("c"==a.t?B.injectCss:B.injectJs)(a.s,0,a.a,a.x,a.e,1)},0):(a(),h()):q=0}function i(a,c,d,e,f,i,j){function k(b){if(!o&&g(l.readyState)&&(u.r=o=1,!q&&h(),l.onload=l.onreadystatechange=null,b)){"img"!=a&&m(function(){t.removeChild(l)},50);for(var d in y[c])y[c].hasOwnProperty(d)&&y[c][d].onload()}}var j=j||B.errorTimeout,l=b.createElement(a),o=0,r=0,u={t:d,s:c,e:f,a:i,x:j};1===y[c]&&(r=1,y[c]=[]),"object"==a?l.data=c:(l.src=c,l.type=a),l.width=l.height="0",l.onerror=l.onload=l.onreadystatechange=function(){k.call(this,r)},p.splice(e,0,u),"img"!=a&&(r||2===y[c]?(t.insertBefore(l,s?null:n),m(k,j)):y[c].push(l))}function j(a,b,c,d,f){return q=0,b=b||"j",e(a)?i("c"==b?v:u,a,b,this.i++,c,d,f):(p.splice(this.i++,0,a),1==p.length&&h()),this}function k(){var a=B;return a.loader={load:j,i:0},a}var l=b.documentElement,m=a.setTimeout,n=b.getElementsByTagName("script")[0],o={}.toString,p=[],q=0,r="MozAppearance"in l.style,s=r&&!!b.createRange().compareNode,t=s?l:n.parentNode,l=a.opera&&"[object Opera]"==o.call(a.opera),l=!!b.attachEvent&&!l,u=r?"object":l?"script":"img",v=l?"script":u,w=Array.isArray||function(a){return"[object Array]"==o.call(a)},x=[],y={},z={timeout:function(a,b){return b.length&&(a.timeout=b[0]),a}},A,B;B=function(a){function b(a){var a=a.split("!"),b=x.length,c=a.pop(),d=a.length,c={url:c,origUrl:c,prefixes:a},e,f,g;for(f=0;f<d;f++)g=a[f].split("="),(e=z[g.shift()])&&(c=e(c,g));for(f=0;f<b;f++)c=x[f](c);return c}function g(a,e,f,g,h){var i=b(a),j=i.autoCallback;i.url.split(".").pop().split("?").shift(),i.bypass||(e&&(e=d(e)?e:e[a]||e[g]||e[a.split("/").pop().split("?")[0]]),i.instead?i.instead(a,e,f,g,h):(y[i.url]?i.noexec=!0:y[i.url]=1,f.load(i.url,i.forceCSS||!i.forceJS&&"css"==i.url.split(".").pop().split("?").shift()?"c":c,i.noexec,i.attrs,i.timeout),(d(e)||d(j))&&f.load(function(){k(),e&&e(i.origUrl,h,g),j&&j(i.origUrl,h,g),y[i.url]=2})))}function h(a,b){function c(a,c){if(a){if(e(a))c||(j=function(){var a=[].slice.call(arguments);k.apply(this,a),l()}),g(a,j,b,0,h);else if(Object(a)===a)for(n in m=function(){var b=0,c;for(c in a)a.hasOwnProperty(c)&&b++;return b}(),a)a.hasOwnProperty(n)&&(!c&&!--m&&(d(j)?j=function(){var a=[].slice.call(arguments);k.apply(this,a),l()}:j[n]=function(a){return function(){var b=[].slice.call(arguments);a&&a.apply(this,b),l()}}(k[n])),g(a[n],j,b,n,h))}else!c&&l()}var h=!!a.test,i=a.load||a.both,j=a.callback||f,k=j,l=a.complete||f,m,n;c(h?a.yep:a.nope,!!i),i&&c(i)}var i,j,l=this.yepnope.loader;if(e(a))g(a,0,l,0);else if(w(a))for(i=0;i<a.length;i++)j=a[i],e(j)?g(j,0,l,0):w(j)?B(j):Object(j)===j&&h(j,l);else Object(a)===a&&h(a,l)},B.addPrefix=function(a,b){z[a]=b},B.addFilter=function(a){x.push(a)},B.errorTimeout=1e4,null==b.readyState&&b.addEventListener&&(b.readyState="loading",b.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",A=function(){b.removeEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",A,0),b.readyState="complete"},0)),a.yepnope=k(),a.yepnope.executeStack=h,a.yepnope.injectJs=function(a,c,d,e,i,j){var k=b.createElement("script"),l,o,e=e||B.errorTimeout;k.src=a;for(o in d)k.setAttribute(o,d[o]);c=j?h:c||f,k.onreadystatechange=k.onload=function(){!l&&g(k.readyState)&&(l=1,c(),k.onload=k.onreadystatechange=null)},m(function(){l||(l=1,c(1))},e),i?k.onload():n.parentNode.insertBefore(k,n)},a.yepnope.injectCss=function(a,c,d,e,g,i){var e=b.createElement("link"),j,c=i?h:c||f;e.href=a,e.rel="stylesheet",e.type="text/css";for(j in d)e.setAttribute(j,d[j]);g||(n.parentNode.insertBefore(e,n),m(c,0))}})(this,document);

//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/all/libraries/modernizr/modernizr.min.js?sycxuq"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
yepnope({
  test: Modernizr.matchmedia,
  nope: '/sites/all/libraries/media-match/media.match.min.js'
});
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__wH8myWXKi4A-QKdUKDXzJAnGs-FRS1A2ZzTTNzjRAdI__4MCtOZK_Ov0QKyRlXNLGQ2LRlYRGWj9ArT-NpFox3QA__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
var googletag = googletag || {};
googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];
googletag.slots = googletag.slots || {};
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="//securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__9ici6QMeDS-cROq8R0RhuICsMGMP2wcJZNQQFsqQi44__kScSwG4RXGl1LXnj4qqt0ZxtNX4Gh2TK5W-o8Uup4SA__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__fwhbnUWIxW-jFl55E2mBYVtZTjGhJ1JWyZYAJ2cEd3A__jCrCuWCJIPYPe1FzZoUvsJWEjkNMmRIQHYek1h7idBE__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
googletag.slots["rhs"] = googletag.defineSlot("/446583111/RHS_300x250", [300, 250], "dfp-ad-rhs")
  .addService(googletag.pubads());
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__UR8BHznwml64Vq0ijSGFwlm-xe9ttj1aripHInFCOLw__irCalsu-H_fRTOPqjyCv1O8Ax7fqY6DDf-uMOV1dvGY__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
var mapping = googletag.sizeMapping()
  .addSize([768, 0], [728, 90])
  .addSize([0, 0], [300, 50])
  .build();
googletag.slots["bottom_leaderboard"] = googletag.defineSlot("/446583111/Bottom_Banner_728x90", [[728, 90], [300, 50]], "dfp-ad-bottom_leaderboard")
  .addService(googletag.pubads())
  .defineSizeMapping(mapping);
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__bQc6kyz_Gw2afC1F6wguCBh8Z8nev-hxX6F2Tw4bq6k__CO2faEsYCquY82rVj6as9HScSnogGHeR-oh5fSQydG0__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
var mapping = googletag.sizeMapping()
  .addSize([768, 0], [728, 90])
  .addSize([0, 0], [300, 50])
  .build();
googletag.slots["top_leaderboard"] = googletag.defineSlot("/446583111/Top_Leaderboard_728x90", [[728, 90], [300, 50]], "dfp-ad-top_leaderboard")
  .addService(googletag.pubads())
  .defineSizeMapping(mapping);
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__wS6WUeF11NLeJgCqxc-dMvjhALAMQG1jlaeWdG8yVZc__CPiombDS21ooaYdmqHXdcMoJwB2FMn18JzO97LewQxc__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
document.createElement( "picture" );
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__UK1ygaa8bCfT-jsjqYRdRLDZ5N17950T7K5WPC9XtpI__NqLYT1T1SMBsKukLWIe82VgCZYYCMHZX_f609-a1rj8__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
googletag.cmd.push(function() {
  googletag.pubads().enableAsyncRendering();
  googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();
  googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs();
  googletag.pubads().addEventListener("slotRenderEnded", function (event) {
    if (event.isEmpty) {
      var id = event.slot.getSlotElementId();
      var x = document.getElementById(id);
      if (x.parentElement.classList.contains("dfp-tag-wrapper")) {
        x.parentElement.style.display = "none";
      }
    }
  });
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("page:hwTitle", "Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("page:hwUrl", "http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("page:hwPath", "/content/41/11/2041/tab-references");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("page:hwType", "journal page");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("user:hwAccessUsageTerms", "guest");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("user:hwRegisteredUser", "no");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("user:hwHasFullTextAccess", "yes");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("user:hwEntitled", "no");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwIssueDate", "2020-11-01");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwIssueDateTime", "2020-11-01 00:00:00");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwPublicationDate", "2020-11-11");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwPublicationDateTime", "2020-11-11 08:00:45");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwNlmArticleType", "research-article");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwDOI", "10.3174/ajnr.A6792");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwAuthors", ["J.E. Park","J.Y. Kim","H.S. Kim","W.H. Shim"]);
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwIsEarlyRelease", "no");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwEissn", "1936-959X");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwPissn", "0195-6108");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwVolume", "41");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwIssue", "11");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwArticleType", "Adult Brain");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwTabView", "main_tab");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwViewType", "full");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwAccessType", "OpenAccess");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwOpenAccess", "yes");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwFreeAccess", "yes");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwCorpusCode", "ajnr");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwType", "article");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwPisaId", "ajnr;41/11/2041");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwFirstPage", "2041");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwLastPage", "2048");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwIsLatestVersion", "yes");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwIsCurrentIssue", "no");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwIsOpenIssue", "no");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwHasFullText", "yes");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwHasPDF", "yes");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwParentTitle", "American Journal of Neuroradiology: 41 (11)");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwElectronicPubDate", "2020-11-11");
  googletag.pubads().setTargeting("content:hwElectronicPubDateTime", "2020-11-11 08:00:45");
});

googletag.enableServices();
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__3vwOA0BwlnyBkt9H4CLg6FgNyKAh--OmfOxFOIu_5S4__EXTgktcHbQ7BQfelY6CnrqgPRc4i4eD6XcZ4i3xs5RU__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_js/casa.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__9KVl25y7_YSWsHd8MJxANuoBa2gQO2D6JActjFaWm7Y__xYFBh175l8jQKFw3m-HycL27WpXn5AhyqmE54lX1y5k__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?hl=en&amp;render=explicit&amp;onload=drupalRecaptchaOnload"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__4ykqVVdSaGtVGauctG3E3Uojp_237f35KQ7wMtKX9S4__4JHByHSitU6UdWxmWARTSoZyB2PFgzkw__raxGdvbvk__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--

      $(document).ready(function() {
          $.getJSON("//www.deepdyve.com/rental-link?docId=10.3174/ajnr.A6792&journal=1936-959X&fieldName=journal_doi&affiliateId=asnr&format=jsonp&callback=?", function(data) {
            if (data.status === "ok") {
              // Update the href url so it goes straight to the article page
              $(".js-deepdyve-link a").attr("href", data.url);
              $(".js-deepdyve-link").show();
            } else if (data.status === "not_found") {
              $(".js-deepdyve-link").hide();
            }
          });
        });
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__wHQd6-i_R0h1OYQc4iqxm8AQ5uH0HU8byYTiUp1DkZE__PwZAMcSZnIPDgV7m7rvZ18vKJzqX0hQKV-_iQZGMBFg__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-4CRTLTY8KW"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);gtag("config", "G-4CRTLTY8KW", {"groups":"default","anonymize_ip":true});
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__M477akYC_o8wD2J8AZtyUBhNC6AW9zOQ7ghqWa7eiMA__JqJPCq8c51pFbVhLlcmFx4PU7aMruheBCNS31Ss_1Mw__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__156__G_TX0wWbp2x4EuISKOgbs4NaeHZ2KmXq85T6UI__w2izI_4UeJKq2XZJo79kNkQyxp_-2ptYjzA3YJcr-tg__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__az53Pz-SG0wejB-7UDzC-AbKqNFb4dAiZbq9Ymbj0sY__8FyXs8A34T1jX6OUXsgX27-4ASoy8QDncslXiOc2PK4__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","ajaxPageState":{"theme":"jcore_1","theme_token":"_VEuGJ7owuGa9A8jSXg5VKgR8PmubsJFaEeG3lJ7YAw","js":{"sites\/all\/libraries\/modernizr\/modernizr.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery\/1.8\/jquery.min.js":1,"misc\/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.core.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.widget.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.button.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.mouse.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.draggable.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.position.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.resizable.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.dialog.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.tooltip.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.accordion.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/jquery.bgiframe\/jquery.bgiframe.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/jquery.hoverIntent\/jquery.hoverIntent.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/superfish\/superfish.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/nice_menus\/js\/nice_menus.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/eu_cookie_compliance\/js\/jquery.cookie-1.4.1.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/js\/highwire.equal-heights.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/js\/highwire.panels-ajax-tab.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/colorbox\/jquery.colorbox-min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/colorbox\/js\/colorbox.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/colorbox\/styles\/default\/colorbox_style.js":1,"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_js\/casa.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_log\/highwire_log.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_user\/js\/highwire_user_meta.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels_ajax_tab\/js\/panels_ajax_tab.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/captcha\/captcha.js":1,"misc\/textarea.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/recaptcha\/js\/recaptcha.js":1,"https:\/\/www.google.com\/recaptcha\/api.js?hl=en\u0026render=explicit\u0026onload=drupalRecaptchaOnload":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_citation\/plugins\/content_types\/js\/highwire_citation_export.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/content_types\/js\/highwire_share_dialog.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/content_types\/js\/minipanel_dialog_link.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/content_types\/js\/clipboard.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/content_types\/js\/highwire_clipboard.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/service_links\/js\/twitter_button.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/service_links\/js\/facebook_like.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/service_links\/js\/google_plus_one.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/content_types\/js\/highwire_article_nav.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/content_types\/js\/highwire_nav_float.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/content_types\/js\/highwire_citing_links.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_search\/plugins\/content_types\/js\/highwire_search_similar_articles.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels_accordion\/js\/panels_accordion.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_responsive\/plugins\/styles\/highwire_responsive_toggle\/highwire_responsive_toggle.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/google_analytics\/googleanalytics.js":1,"https:\/\/www.googletagmanager.com\/gtag\/js?id=G-4CRTLTY8KW":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/js\/highwire.article-citation-access.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/js\/highwire.article-citation-author-tooltip.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/js\/theme-scripts.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_responsive\/js\/highwire-mediaqueries.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/enquire.js\/enquire.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/picture\/picturefill2\/picturefill.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/picture\/picture.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/content_types\/js\/highwire_panels_ajax_tab.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_google_scholar_sprinkle.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_user\/plugins\/content_types\/js\/highwire_user_salutation.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/eu_cookie_compliance\/js\/eu_cookie_compliance.js":1,"http:\/\/securepubads.g.doubleclick.net\/tag\/js\/gpt.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/js\/highwire.gtranslate.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_datalayer\/js\/highwire_datalayer.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/omega\/omega\/js\/jquery.formalize.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/omega\/omega\/js\/omega-mediaqueries.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/omega\/omega\/js\/omega-equalheights.js":1},"css":{"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.menus.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.messages.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.theme.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.core.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.theme.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.button.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.resizable.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.dialog.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.tooltip.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.accordion.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/date\/date_api\/date.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/date\/date_popup\/themes\/datepicker.1.7.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_draw\/css\/highwire-draw.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_folders\/highwire_folders.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_responsive\/css\/highwire-responsive.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_saved_searches\/highwire_saved_searches.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_user\/highwire_user.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/picture\/picture_wysiwyg.css":1,"modules\/search\/search.css":1,"modules\/user\/user.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/ckeditor\/css\/ckeditor.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/colorbox\/styles\/default\/colorbox_style.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/ctools\/css\/ctools.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/google_admanager\/google_admanager.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire.style.highwire.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/css\/nlm-elements.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels\/css\/panels.css":1,"public:\/\/ctools\/css\/263bfdb18936424f0ade19d6bd885f37.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels_ajax_tab\/css\/panels_ajax_tab.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire.style.markup.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/layouts\/highwire_2col_stacked\/highwire-2col-stacked.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/forward\/forward.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/content_types\/css\/highwire_share_link.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/content_types\/css\/highwire_copy_permalink.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/content_types\/css\/highwire_citing_links.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/content_types\/css\/highwire_reports_feed.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/css\/highwire-article-citation-list.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_responsive\/plugins\/styles\/highwire_responsive_toggle\/highwire_responsive_toggle.css.less":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/nice_menus\/css\/nice_menus.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/nice_menus\/css\/nice_menus_default.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels\/plugins\/layouts\/onecol\/onecol.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/eu_cookie_compliance\/css\/eu_cookie_compliance.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/css\/highwire.gtranslate.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_theme_tools\/css\/font-hwicons.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/highwire_theme_tools\/css\/font-hwicons-glyphs.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/eu_cookie_compliance.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/font-awesome-ie7.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/omega\/alpha\/css\/alpha-reset.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/omega\/alpha\/css\/alpha-mobile.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/omega\/alpha\/css\/alpha-alpha.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/omega\/omega\/css\/formalize.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/omega\/omega\/css\/omega-text.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/omega\/omega\/css\/omega-branding.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/omega\/omega\/css\/omega-menu.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/contrib\/omega\/omega\/css\/omega-forms.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/css\/highwire-forms.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/mobile-reset.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/font-awesome.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/forms.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/global.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/jquery-ui-elements.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/text.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/eletters.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/colors.css.less":1,"ie::normal::sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/jcore-1-jcore-default.css":1,"ie::normal::sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/jcore-1-jcore-default-normal.css":1,"ie::normal::sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/grid\/jcore_default\/normal\/jcore-default-normal-30.css":1,"narrow::sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/jcore-1-jcore-default.css":1,"narrow::sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/jcore-1-jcore-default-narrow.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/grid\/jcore_default\/narrow\/jcore-default-narrow-30.css":1,"normal::sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/jcore-1-jcore-default.css":1,"normal::sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/jcore-1-jcore-default-normal.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/grid\/jcore_default\/normal\/jcore-default-normal-30.css":1,"wide::sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/jcore-1-jcore-default.css":1,"wide::sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/jcore-1-jcore-default-wide.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/highwire\/jcore_1\/css\/grid\/jcore_default\/wide\/jcore-default-wide-30.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/shared\/jnl_ajnr_styles\/css\/jnl-ajnr-styles.css.less":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/shared\/jnl_ajnr_styles\/css\/jnl-ajnr-breakpoints.css.less":1}},"colorbox":{"opacity":"0.85","current":"{current} of {total}","previous":"\u00ab Prev","next":"Next \u00bb","close":"Close","maxWidth":"98%","maxHeight":"98%","fixed":true,"mobiledetect":true,"mobiledevicewidth":"480px"},"highwire":{"markup":[{"requested":"short-text","variant":"abstract","view":"abstract","pisa":"ajnr;41\/11\/2041"},{"requested":"short-text","variant":"abstract","view":"abstract","pisa":"ajnr;41\/11\/2041"},{"requested":"full-text","variant":"full-text","view":"full","pisa":"ajnr;41\/11\/2041"},{"requested":"full-text","variant":"full-text","view":"full","pisa":"ajnr;41\/11\/2041"},{"requested":"ref-links","variant":"ref-links","view":"ref-links","pisa":"ajnr;41\/11\/2041"},{"requested":"full-text","variant":"full-text","view":"full","pisa":"ajnr;41\/11\/2041"}],"nid":"80904","apath":"\/ajnr\/41\/11\/2041.atom","pisa":"ajnr;41\/11\/2041","modal_window_width":"560","share_modal_width":"560","share_modal_title":"Share this Article","ac":{"ajnr;41\/11\/2041":{"access":{"full":true},"pisa_id":"ajnr;41\/11\/2041","apath":"","jcode":"ajnr"}},"dataLayer":"{\u0022page\u0022:{\u0022hwTitle\u0022:\u0022Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study\u0022,\u0022hwUrl\u0022:\u0022http:\\\/\\\/ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org\\\/content\\\/41\\\/11\\\/2041\u0022,\u0022hwPath\u0022:\u0022\\\/content\\\/41\\\/11\\\/2041\\\/tab-references\u0022,\u0022hwType\u0022:\u0022journal page\u0022},\u0022user\u0022:{\u0022hwMemberID\u0022:\u0022\u0022,\u0022hwLoggedIntoInstitutionID\u0022:\u0022\u0022,\u0022hwLoggedIntoInstitution\u0022:\u0022\u0022,\u0022hwAccessUsageTerms\u0022:\u0022guest\u0022,\u0022hwRegisteredUser\u0022:\u0022no\u0022,\u0022hwHasFullTextAccess\u0022:\u0022yes\u0022,\u0022hwEntitled\u0022:\u0022no\u0022},\u0022content\u0022:{\u0022hwIssueDate\u0022:\u00222020-11-01\u0022,\u0022hwIssueDateTime\u0022:\u00222020-11-01 00:00:00\u0022,\u0022hwPublicationDate\u0022:\u00222020-11-11\u0022,\u0022hwPublicationDateTime\u0022:\u00222020-11-11 08:00:45\u0022,\u0022hwNlmArticleType\u0022:\u0022research-article\u0022,\u0022hwDOI\u0022:\u002210.3174\\\/ajnr.A6792\u0022,\u0022hwAuthors\u0022:\u0022J.E. Park,J.Y. Kim,H.S. Kim,W.H. Shim\u0022,\u0022hwContributors\u0022:\u0022\u0022,\u0022hwIsEarlyRelease\u0022:\u0022no\u0022,\u0022hwEissn\u0022:\u00221936-959X\u0022,\u0022hwPissn\u0022:\u00220195-6108\u0022,\u0022hwVolume\u0022:\u002241\u0022,\u0022hwIssue\u0022:\u002211\u0022,\u0022hwArticleType\u0022:\u0022Adult Brain\u0022,\u0022hwTabView\u0022:\u0022main_tab\u0022,\u0022hwViewType\u0022:\u0022full\u0022,\u0022hwAccessType\u0022:\u0022OpenAccess\u0022,\u0022hwOpenAccess\u0022:\u0022yes\u0022,\u0022hwFreeAccess\u0022:\u0022yes\u0022,\u0022hwTaxonomy\u0022:\u0022\u0022,\u0022hwCorpusCode\u0022:\u0022ajnr\u0022,\u0022hwType\u0022:\u0022article\u0022,\u0022hwSubtitle\u0022:null,\u0022hwOverline\u0022:null,\u0022hwPisaId\u0022:\u0022ajnr;41\\\/11\\\/2041\u0022,\u0022hwFirstPage\u0022:\u00222041\u0022,\u0022hwLastPage\u0022:\u00222048\u0022,\u0022hwIsLatestVersion\u0022:\u0022yes\u0022,\u0022hwIsCurrentIssue\u0022:\u0022no\u0022,\u0022hwIsOpenIssue\u0022:\u0022no\u0022,\u0022hwHasFullText\u0022:\u0022yes\u0022,\u0022hwHasPDF\u0022:\u0022yes\u0022,\u0022hwParentTitle\u0022:\u0022American Journal of Neuroradiology: 41 (11)\u0022,\u0022hwElectronicPubDate\u0022:\u00222020-11-11\u0022,\u0022hwElectronicPubDateTime\u0022:\u00222020-11-11 08:00:45\u0022}}"},"highwire_panel_tabs":[{"panel_name":"jnl_ajnr_tab_pdf","panel_ajax_tab":"jnl_ajnr_tab_pdf"}],"panel_ajax_tab":{"path":"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels_ajax_tab"},"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/content\/41\/11\/2041\/tab-references":true},"ws_fl":{"width":100,"height":21},"ws_gpo":{"size":"","annotation":"","lang":"","callback":"","width":300},"highwire_search_similar_articles":{"highwire-search-similar-articles-list-1":{"conf":{"context":"requiredcontext_entity:node_1","override_title":1,"override_title_text":"\u003Ci class=\u0022icon-caret-right\u0022\u003E\u003C\/i\u003E Similar Articles","number_per_page":"5","show_pager":0,"more_link_path":"similar\/articles","more_link":1,"empty_message":"No similar articles are available.","citation_style":"jcore_standard","title_type":"prefer_short","title_as_link":0,"display_subtitle":0,"choose_pubdate":"ppubdate","display_markup_snippet":"","display_original_link":0,"display_access_indicator":0,"display_cme_link":0,"display_access_indicator_text":0,"display_highlight_image":"0","display_variants":0,"display_supplements":0,"display_abstract_tooltip":0,"display_author_tooltip":0,"override_title_heading":"h2","citation_settings_source":"citation_manager","citation_manager_wrapper":{"citation_manager_citation":"jcore_list_title_only"},"corpus_config_wrapper":{"corpus_config_citation_context":[]},"cache_enabled":1,"cache_time":"600","short_title_options":{"char_count":"50","add_ellipsis":0},"access_indicator_settings":{"open_access":{"icon":"icon-unlock","title":"Open Access"},"user_access":{"icon":"icon-ok-sign","title":"You have access"},"no_access":{"icon":"icon-lock","title":"Restricted access"}},"pdf_download":{"display_pdf_download":0,"pdf_download_icon":"icon-cloud-download","pdf_download_text":"PDF"},"include_on_behalf":1,"show_mark_citation":0,"display_infotrieve_link":0,"infotrieve_link_settings":{"icon":"icon-usd","link_caption":"Order full text via Infotrieve"},"highlight_image_style":"","featured_image_variant":"large","featured_image_click_image":"colorbox","display_google_scholar_tooltip":1,"display_pubmed_tooltip":1,"display_advanced_search_tooltip":1,"display_author_landing_page_tooltip":1,"display_orcid_tooltip":0,"display_ads_search_tooltip":0,"display_agricola_tooltip":0,"author_site_search_path":"","display_translations":0,"display_translations_text":"","display_translations_text_icon":"","bundle_overrides_checkboxes":{"highwire_book_fragment":{"selector":0},"highwire_news_story":{"selector":0},"highwire_book_edition":{"selector":0},"highwire_article":{"selector":0},"highwire_issue":{"selector":0},"highwire_comment":{"selector":0},"highwire_fragment":{"selector":0},"highwire_book_section":{"selector":0},"highwire_journal":{"selector":0}},"bundle_overrides":{"highwire_book_fragment":{"selector":0,"citation_style":"jcore_title_and_author","cache_enabled":1,"cache_time":"600","title_type":"full","short_title_options":{"char_count":"50","add_ellipsis":0},"title_as_link":0,"display_subtitle":0,"choose_pubdate":"ppubdate","display_markup_snippet":"","highlight_image_toggle":0,"display_original_link":0,"display_access_indicator":"0","access_indicator_settings":{"open_access":{"icon":"icon-unlock","title":"Open Access"},"user_access":{"icon":"icon-ok-sign","title":"You have access"},"no_access":{"icon":"icon-lock","title":"Restricted access"}},"display_variants":0,"display_supplements":0,"pdf_download":{"display_pdf_download":0,"pdf_download_icon":"icon-cloud-download","pdf_download_text":"PDF"},"include_on_behalf":1,"cpath_prefix":"\/content","show_mark_citation":0,"display_infotrieve_link":0,"infotrieve_link_settings":{"icon":"icon-usd","link_caption":"Order full text via Infotrieve"},"display_highlight_image":0,"highlight_image_style":"thumbnail","display_fragment_caption":1,"display_parent_citation":1,"parent_citation_type":"highwire_book_section","parent_citation_settings":{"citation_style":"folio_book_sections_standard","cache_enabled":1,"cache_time":"600","title_type":"full","short_title_options":{"char_count":"50","add_ellipsis":0},"title_as_link":0,"display_subtitle":0,"choose_pubdate":"ppubdate","display_markup_snippet":"","highlight_image_toggle":0,"display_original_link":0,"display_access_indicator":0,"access_indicator_settings":{"open_access":{"icon":"icon-unlock","title":"Open Access"},"user_access":{"icon":"icon-ok-sign","title":"You have access"},"no_access":{"icon":"icon-lock","title":"Restricted access"}},"display_variants":0,"display_supplements":0,"pdf_download":{"display_pdf_download":0,"pdf_download_icon":"icon-cloud-download","pdf_download_text":"PDF"},"include_on_behalf":1,"cpath_prefix":"\/content","show_mark_citation":0,"display_infotrieve_link":0,"infotrieve_link_settings":{"icon":"icon-usd","link_caption":"Order full text via Infotrieve"},"display_highlight_image":0,"highlight_image_style":"","display_abstract_tooltip":0,"display_author_tooltip":0,"display_google_scholar_tooltip":1,"display_pubmed_tooltip":1,"display_advanced_search_tooltip":1,"display_author_landing_page_tooltip":0,"author_site_search_path":"search\/"}},"highwire_news_story":{"selector":0,"citation_style":"mla","cache_enabled":1,"cache_time":"600","title_type":"full","short_title_options":{"char_count":"50","add_ellipsis":0},"title_as_link":0,"display_subtitle":0,"choose_pubdate":"ppubdate","display_markup_snippet":"","highlight_image_toggle":0,"display_original_link":0,"display_access_indicator":0,"access_indicator_settings":{"open_access":{"icon":"icon-unlock","title":"Open Access"},"user_access":{"icon":"icon-ok-sign","title":"You have access"},"no_access":{"icon":"icon-lock","title":"Restricted access"}},"display_variants":0,"display_supplements":0,"pdf_download":{"display_pdf_download":0,"pdf_download_icon":"icon-cloud-download","pdf_download_text":"PDF"},"include_on_behalf":1,"cpath_prefix":"\/content","show_mark_citation":0,"display_infotrieve_link":0,"infotrieve_link_settings":{"icon":"icon-usd","link_caption":"Order full text via Infotrieve"},"display_highlight_image":"0","highlight_image_style":"","featured_image_click_image":"nothing","display_author_tooltip":0,"display_google_scholar_tooltip":0,"display_pubmed_tooltip":0,"display_advanced_search_tooltip":0},"highwire_book_edition":{"selector":0,"citation_style":"folio_books_standard","cache_enabled":1,"cache_time":"600","title_type":"full","short_title_options":{"char_count":"50","add_ellipsis":0},"title_as_link":0,"display_subtitle":0,"choose_pubdate":"ppubdate","display_markup_snippet":"","highlight_image_toggle":0,"display_original_link":0,"display_access_indicator":0,"access_indicator_settings":{"open_access":{"icon":"icon-unlock","title":"Open Access"},"user_access":{"icon":"icon-ok-sign","title":"You have access"},"no_access":{"icon":"icon-lock","title":"Restricted access"}},"display_variants":0,"display_supplements":0,"pdf_download":{"display_pdf_download":0,"pdf_download_icon":"icon-cloud-download","pdf_download_text":"PDF"},"include_on_behalf":1,"cpath_prefix":"\/content","show_mark_citation":0,"display_infotrieve_link":0,"infotrieve_link_settings":{"icon":"icon-usd","link_caption":"Order full text via Infotrieve"},"display_highlight_image":0,"highlight_image_style":"","display_author_tooltip":0,"display_google_scholar_tooltip":1,"display_pubmed_tooltip":1,"display_advanced_search_tooltip":1,"display_author_landing_page_tooltip":1,"display_orcid_tooltip":1,"author_site_search_path":"search\/"},"highwire_article":{"selector":0,"citation_style":"mla","cache_enabled":1,"cache_time":"600","title_type":"full","short_title_options":{"char_count":"50","add_ellipsis":0},"title_as_link":0,"display_subtitle":0,"choose_pubdate":"ppubdate","display_markup_snippet":"","highlight_image_toggle":0,"display_original_link":0,"display_access_indicator":0,"access_indicator_settings":{"open_access":{"icon":"icon-unlock","title":"Open Access"},"user_access":{"icon":"icon-ok-sign","title":"You have access"},"no_access":{"icon":"icon-lock","title":"Restricted access"}},"display_variants":0,"display_supplements":0,"pdf_download":{"display_pdf_download":0,"pdf_download_icon":"icon-cloud-download","pdf_download_text":"PDF"},"include_on_behalf":0,"cpath_prefix":"\/content","show_mark_citation":0,"display_infotrieve_link":0,"infotrieve_link_settings":{"icon":"icon-usd","link_caption":"Order full text via Infotrieve"},"display_highlight_image":"0","highlight_image_style":"","featured_image_variant":"large","featured_image_click_image":"nothing","display_cme_link":0,"display_abstract_tooltip":0,"display_author_tooltip":0,"display_google_scholar_tooltip":1,"display_pubmed_tooltip":1,"display_advanced_search_tooltip":1,"display_author_landing_page_tooltip":1,"display_orcid_tooltip":1,"display_ads_search_tooltip":0,"display_agricola_tooltip":0,"author_site_search_path":"search\/","display_translations":0,"display_translations_text":"Translations Available","display_translations_text_icon":"icon-globe"},"highwire_issue":{"selector":0,"citation_style":"mla","cache_enabled":1,"cache_time":"600","title_type":"full","short_title_options":{"char_count":"50","add_ellipsis":0},"title_as_link":0,"display_subtitle":0,"choose_pubdate":"ppubdate","display_markup_snippet":"","highlight_image_toggle":0,"display_original_link":0,"display_access_indicator":0,"access_indicator_settings":{"open_access":{"icon":"icon-unlock","title":"Open Access"},"user_access":{"icon":"icon-ok-sign","title":"You have access"},"no_access":{"icon":"icon-lock","title":"Restricted access"}},"display_variants":0,"display_supplements":0,"pdf_download":{"display_pdf_download":0,"pdf_download_icon":"icon-cloud-download","pdf_download_text":"PDF"},"include_on_behalf":1,"cpath_prefix":"\/content","show_mark_citation":0,"display_infotrieve_link":0,"infotrieve_link_settings":{"icon":"icon-usd","link_caption":"Order full text via Infotrieve"},"display_highlight_image":0,"highlight_image_style":"","featured_image_click_image":"nothing","display_author_tooltip":0,"display_google_scholar_tooltip":1,"display_pubmed_tooltip":1,"display_advanced_search_tooltip":1,"display_author_landing_page_tooltip":0,"display_orcid_tooltip":1,"author_site_search_path":"search\/"},"highwire_comment":{"selector":0,"citation_style":"highwire_comment","show_title":0,"title_as_link":0,"title_as_link_type":"tab_view","author_format_type":"fullname","author_format_custom":"","author_list_separator":", ","date_format":"(j F Y)","display_comment_body":1,"display_attachment":1,"display_conflict_of_interest":1},"highwire_fragment":{"selector":0,"citation_style":"jcore_title_and_author","cache_enabled":1,"cache_time":"600","title_type":"full","short_title_options":{"char_count":"50","add_ellipsis":0},"title_as_link":0,"display_subtitle":0,"choose_pubdate":"ppubdate","display_markup_snippet":"","highlight_image_toggle":0,"display_original_link":0,"display_access_indicator":"0","access_indicator_settings":{"open_access":{"icon":"icon-unlock","title":"Open Access"},"user_access":{"icon":"icon-ok-sign","title":"You have access"},"no_access":{"icon":"icon-lock","title":"Restricted access"}},"display_variants":0,"display_supplements":0,"pdf_download":{"display_pdf_download":0,"pdf_download_icon":"icon-cloud-download","pdf_download_text":"PDF"},"include_on_behalf":1,"cpath_prefix":"\/content","show_mark_citation":0,"display_infotrieve_link":0,"infotrieve_link_settings":{"icon":"icon-usd","link_caption":"Order full text via Infotrieve"},"display_highlight_image":0,"highlight_image_style":"","display_fragment_caption":1,"fragment_image_settings":{"fragment_image_variant":"medium","fragment_click_image":"colorbox","show_download_links":1},"display_parent_citation":1,"parent_citation_type":"highwire_article","parent_citation_settings":{"citation_style":"mla","cache_enabled":1,"cache_time":"600","title_type":"full","short_title_options":{"char_count":"50","add_ellipsis":0},"title_as_link":0,"display_subtitle":0,"choose_pubdate":"ppubdate","display_markup_snippet":"","highlight_image_toggle":0,"display_original_link":0,"display_access_indicator":0,"access_indicator_settings":{"open_access":{"icon":"icon-unlock","title":"Open Access"},"user_access":{"icon":"icon-ok-sign","title":"You have access"},"no_access":{"icon":"icon-lock","title":"Restricted access"}},"display_variants":0,"display_supplements":0,"pdf_download":{"display_pdf_download":0,"pdf_download_icon":"icon-cloud-download","pdf_download_text":"PDF"},"include_on_behalf":0,"cpath_prefix":"\/content","show_mark_citation":0,"display_infotrieve_link":0,"infotrieve_link_settings":{"icon":"icon-usd","link_caption":"Order full text via Infotrieve"},"display_highlight_image":"0","highlight_image_style":"","featured_image_variant":"large","featured_image_click_image":"nothing","display_cme_link":0,"display_abstract_tooltip":0,"display_author_tooltip":0,"display_google_scholar_tooltip":1,"display_pubmed_tooltip":1,"display_advanced_search_tooltip":1,"display_author_landing_page_tooltip":1,"display_orcid_tooltip":1,"display_ads_search_tooltip":0,"display_agricola_tooltip":0,"author_site_search_path":"search\/","display_translations":0,"display_translations_text":"Translations Available","display_translations_text_icon":"icon-globe"}},"highwire_book_section":{"selector":0,"citation_style":"folio_book_sections_standard","cache_enabled":1,"cache_time":"600","title_type":"full","short_title_options":{"char_count":"50","add_ellipsis":0},"title_as_link":0,"display_subtitle":0,"choose_pubdate":"ppubdate","display_markup_snippet":"","highlight_image_toggle":0,"display_original_link":0,"display_access_indicator":0,"access_indicator_settings":{"open_access":{"icon":"icon-unlock","title":"Open Access"},"user_access":{"icon":"icon-ok-sign","title":"You have access"},"no_access":{"icon":"icon-lock","title":"Restricted access"}},"display_variants":0,"display_supplements":0,"pdf_download":{"display_pdf_download":0,"pdf_download_icon":"icon-cloud-download","pdf_download_text":"PDF"},"include_on_behalf":1,"cpath_prefix":"\/content","show_mark_citation":0,"display_infotrieve_link":0,"infotrieve_link_settings":{"icon":"icon-usd","link_caption":"Order full text via Infotrieve"},"display_highlight_image":0,"highlight_image_style":"","display_abstract_tooltip":0,"display_author_tooltip":0,"display_google_scholar_tooltip":1,"display_pubmed_tooltip":1,"display_advanced_search_tooltip":1,"display_author_landing_page_tooltip":0,"author_site_search_path":"search\/"},"highwire_journal":{"selector":0,"citation_style":"mla","cache_enabled":1,"cache_time":"600","title_type":"full","short_title_options":{"char_count":"50","add_ellipsis":0},"title_as_link":0,"display_subtitle":0,"choose_pubdate":"ppubdate","display_markup_snippet":"","highlight_image_toggle":0,"display_original_link":0,"display_access_indicator":0,"access_indicator_settings":{"open_access":{"icon":"icon-unlock","title":"Open Access"},"user_access":{"icon":"icon-ok-sign","title":"You have access"},"no_access":{"icon":"icon-lock","title":"Restricted access"}},"display_variants":0,"display_supplements":0,"pdf_download":{"display_pdf_download":0,"pdf_download_icon":"icon-cloud-download","pdf_download_text":"PDF"},"include_on_behalf":1,"cpath_prefix":"\/content","show_mark_citation":0,"display_infotrieve_link":0,"infotrieve_link_settings":{"icon":"icon-usd","link_caption":"Order full text via Infotrieve"},"display_highlight_image":0,"highlight_image_style":"","display_author_tooltip":0,"display_google_scholar_tooltip":1,"display_pubmed_tooltip":1,"display_advanced_search_tooltip":1,"display_author_landing_page_tooltip":0,"display_orcid_tooltip":1,"author_site_search_path":"search\/"}},"cpath_prefix":"\/content","ajax_loading_icon_classes":"icon-spinner icon-spin icon-2x","ajax_loading_text":"","highlight_image_toggle":0,"more_link_label":"See more","url_parameters":{"q":"node\/80904","panels_ajax_tab_tab":"jnl_ajnr_tab_refs","panels_ajax_tab_trigger":"tab-references"}},"nid":"80904"}},"panels_accordion":{"highwire_article_accordion_container":{"heightStyle":"content","autoHeight":false,"collapsible":0,"region_accordion_id":"highwire_article_accordion_container","active":0,"animated":"slide"}},"color":{"logo":"http:\/\/ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org\/sites\/default\/files\/ajnr-web-logo_0.png"},"nice_menus_options":{"delay":800,"speed":"fast"},"highwireResponsive":{"enquire_enabled":1,"breakpoints_configured":1,"breakpoints":{"zero":"all and (min-width: 0px)","xsmall":"all and (min-width: 380px)","narrow":"all and (min-width: 768px) and (min-device-width: 768px), (max-device-width: 800px) and (min-width: 768px) and (orientation:landscape)","normal":"all and (min-width: 980px) and (min-device-width: 980px), all and (max-device-width: 1024px) and (min-width: 1024px) and (orientation:landscape)","wide":"all and (min-width: 1220px)"}},"eu_cookie_compliance":{"popup_enabled":1,"popup_agreed_enabled":0,"popup_hide_agreed":false,"popup_clicking_confirmation":true,"popup_scrolling_confirmation":false,"popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cp\u003EWe use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience. By clicking any link on this page you are giving your consent for us to set cookies.\u003C\/p\u003E\n    \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 role=\u0022dialog\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022Continue\u0022\n        class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003EContinue\u003C\/button\u003E\n                  \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 role=\u0022dialog\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022Find out more\u0022\n        class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button\u0022\u003EFind out more\u003C\/button\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","use_mobile_message":false,"mobile_popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 role=\u0022dialog\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022Continue\u0022\n        class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003EContinue\u003C\/button\u003E\n                  \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 role=\u0022dialog\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022Find out more\u0022\n        class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button\u0022\u003EFind out more\u003C\/button\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","mobile_breakpoint":"768","popup_html_agreed":"\u003Cdiv\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content agreed\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cp\u003EThank you for accepting cookies. You can now hide this message or find out more about cookies.\u003C\/p\u003E\n    \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022hide-popup-button eu-cookie-compliance-hide-button\u0022\u003EHide\u003C\/button\u003E\n              \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button-thank-you\u0022 \u003EFind out more\u003C\/button\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","popup_use_bare_css":false,"popup_height":"auto","popup_width":"100%","popup_delay":1000,"popup_link":"\/help\/cookie-policy","popup_link_new_window":1,"popup_position":null,"popup_language":"en","store_consent":false,"better_support_for_screen_readers":0,"reload_page":0,"domain":"","popup_eu_only_js":0,"cookie_lifetime":365,"cookie_session":false,"disagree_do_not_show_popup":0,"method":"default","whitelisted_cookies":"","withdraw_markup":"\u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-tab\u0022\u003EPrivacy settings\u003C\/button\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-banner\u0022\u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cp\u003E\u0026lt;h2\u0026gt;We use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience\u0026lt;\/h2\u0026gt;\u0026lt;p\u0026gt;You have given your consent for us to set cookies.\u0026lt;\/p\u0026gt;\u003C\/p\u003E\n    \u003C\/div\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-button\u0022\u003EWithdraw consent\u003C\/button\u003E\n    \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n","withdraw_enabled":false},"googleanalytics":{"account":["G-4CRTLTY8KW"],"trackOutbound":1,"trackMailto":1,"trackDownload":1,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|exe|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|sea|sit|tar|tgz|torrent|txt|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|z|zip","trackColorbox":1},"omega":{"layouts":{"primary":"normal","order":["narrow","normal","wide"],"queries":{"narrow":"all and (min-width: 768px) and (min-device-width: 768px), (max-device-width: 800px) and (min-width: 768px) and (orientation:landscape)","normal":"all and (min-width: 980px) and (min-device-width: 980px), all and (max-device-width: 1024px) and (min-width: 1024px) and (orientation:landscape)","wide":"all and (min-width: 1220px)"}}}});
//--><!]]>
</script>
    <!--[if lt IE 9]><script src="http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script><![endif]-->
  </head>
  <body class="html not-front not-logged-in page-node page-node- page-node-80904 node-type-highwire-article context-content hw-default-jcode-ajnr hw-article-type-research-article hw-article-category-adult-brain">
<!-- Google Tag Manager -->
<noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MXP45WNH" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<script type="text/javascript">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];var j=d.createElement(s);var dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.src='//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;j.type='text/javascript';j.async=true;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MXP45WNH');</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
    <div id="skip-link">
      <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a>
    </div>
    <div class="region region-page-top" id="region-page-top">
  <div class="region-inner region-page-top-inner">
      </div>
</div>    <div class="page clearfix footer-borders panels-page panels-layout-jcore_2col" id="page">
      <header id="section-header" class="section section-header">
  <div id="zone-advertising-top-wrapper" class="zone-wrapper zone-advertising-top-wrapper clearfix">  
  <div id="zone-advertising-top" class="zone zone-advertising-top clearfix container-30">
    <div class="grid-28 suffix-1 prefix-1 region region-ad-top" id="region-ad-top">
  <div class="region-inner region-ad-top-inner">
    <div class="block block-panels-mini mobile-hiddens rtecenter block-jnl-ajnr-ad-leaderboard block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-ad-leaderboard odd block-without-title" id="block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-ad-leaderboard">
  <div class="block-inner clearfix">
                
    <div class="content clearfix">
      <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_ad_leaderboard">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-dfp-pane text-center" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div id="dfp-ad-top_leaderboard-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
<div class="slug">Advertisement</div>
<div  id="dfp-ad-top_leaderboard" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
  <script type="text/javascript">
    googletag.cmd.push(function() {
      googletag.display("dfp-ad-top_leaderboard");
    });
  </script>
</div>
</div>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>  </div>
</div>  </div>
</div><div id="zone-superheader-wrapper" class="zone-wrapper zone-superheader-wrapper clearfix mobile-only print-hidden">  
  <div id="zone-superheader" class="zone zone-superheader clearfix mobile-only print-hidden container-30">
    <div class="grid-30 region region-superheader" id="region-superheader">
  <div class="region-inner region-superheader-inner">
    <div class="block block-panels-mini block-responsive-menu block-panels-mini-responsive-menu odd block-without-title" id="block-panels-mini-responsive-menu">
  <div class="block-inner clearfix">
                
    <div class="content clearfix">
      <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-responsive_menu">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div id="unique-id3" class="highwire-responsive-toggle-group"><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-responsive-menu-main-menu" >
  
        <h2 class="pane-title"><span class="icon-reorder"></span><span class="element-invisible">Main menu</span></h2>
    
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-responsive_menu_main_menu">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-menu-tree pane-main-menu" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-ctools-main-menu-1 menu-name-main-menu parent-mlid-main-menu:0 menu-level-1">
  <nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-772" role="menuitem"><a href="/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Home</a></li>
<li class="expanded active-trail menu-mlid-773" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/current" data-hide-link-title="0" class="active active-trail" data-icon-position="">Content</a><nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first expanded menu-mlid-774" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/current" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Current Issue</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-1747" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/early/preprint" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Publication Preview--Preprint</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-775" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/early/recent" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Publication Preview--Ahead of Print</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-776" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/by/year" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Past Issue Archive</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-900" role="menuitem"><a href="/cow/by/year" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Case of the Week Archive</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-1006" role="menuitem"><a href="/cc/by/year" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Classic Case Archive</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-901" role="menuitem"><a href="/com/by/year" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Case of the Month Archive</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1334" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.ajnr.org/content/covid-19-content-and-resources" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">COVID-19 Content and Resources</a></li>
</ul></nav></li>
<li class="expanded menu-mlid-784" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/about-us" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">About Us</a><nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-785" role="menuitem"><a href="/page/content/About" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">About AJNR</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-899" role="menuitem"><a href="https://www.ajnr.org/page/content/Ed-Board" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Editorial Board</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-864" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.asnr.org" data-hide-link-title="0" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="">American Society of Neuroradiology</a></li>
</ul></nav></li>
<li class="expanded menu-mlid-1746" role="menuitem"><a href="/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">For Authors</a><nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-1725" role="menuitem"><a href="https://www.ajnr.org/content/author-policies" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Author Policies</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-1856" role="menuitem"><a href="https://www.ajnr.org/preprint_publishing" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Preprint Publishing</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1726" role="menuitem"><a href="https://www.ajnr.org/content/manuscript-submission-guidelines" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Manuscript Submission Guidelines</a></li>
</ul></nav></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-862" role="menuitem"><a href="https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/ajnr" data-hide-link-title="0" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="">Submit a Manuscript</a></li>
<li class="expanded menu-mlid-1184" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/about-us" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Special Collections</a><nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-1733" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.ajnr.org/cc/CSF-Spinal-Leak" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Spinal CSF Leak Articles (Jan 2020-June 2024)</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-1185" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.ajnr.org/cc/most-impactful-ajnr-articles" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Most Impactful AJNR Articles</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1896" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.ajnr.org/cc/2024-Awards" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">2024 AJNR Journal Awards</a></li>
</ul></nav></li>
<li class="last expanded menu-mlid-788" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/advertising" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">More</a><nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-780" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/subscriber-help-and-services" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Subscribers</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-863" role="menuitem"><a href="https://marketplace.copyright.com/rs-ui-web/mp/details/journal/122810747" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Permissions</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-782" role="menuitem"><a href="/page/content/Ads" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Advertisers</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-790" role="menuitem"><a href="/alerts" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Alerts</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-791" role="menuitem"><a href="/feedback" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Feedback</a></li>
</ul></nav></li>
</ul></nav></div>
  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-responsive-menu-user-menu" >
  
        <h2 class="pane-title"><span class="icon-gear"></span><span class="element-invisible">User menu</span></h2>
    
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-responsive_menu_user_menu">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-menu-tree pane-user-menu" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-ctools-user-menu-1 menu-name-user-menu parent-mlid-user-menu:0 menu-level-1">
  <nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-801" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/subscriber-help-and-services" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Subscribe</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-802" role="menuitem"><a href="/alerts" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Alerts</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-803" role="menuitem"><a href="/user/login?destination=/content/41/11/2041%3Fpanels_ajax_tab_tab%3Djnl_ajnr_tab_refs%26panels_ajax_tab_trigger%3Dtab-references" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Log in</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-17" role="menuitem"><a href="/user/logout?current=node/80904" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Log out</a></li>
</ul></nav></div>
  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-user-identities" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="highwire-user-message" data-separator="|"><span class="highwire-user-institution" data-id-type="institution" data-identity="a%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A4%3A%22show%22%3Bi%3A1%3Bs%3A7%3A%22message%22%3Bs%3A50%3A%22Institution%3A%20%5Bidentity%3Ainstitutional_display_name%5D%22%3B%7D"></span></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-responsive-menu-search" >
  
        <h2 class="pane-title"><span class="icon-search"></span><span class="element-invisible">Search</span></h2>
    
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-responsive_menu_search">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-seach-qsearch-nocontext" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <form class="highwire-quicksearch button-style-mini button-style-mini" action="/content/41/11/2041/tab-references" method="post" id="highwire-search-qsearch-nocontext-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-item-label-invisible form-type-textfield form-item-keywords">
  <label class="element-invisible" for="quick_search_header_keywords_1251389068">Search for this keyword </label>
 <input placeholder="Search..." type="text" id="quick_search_header_keywords_1251389068" name="keywords" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" class="form-text" />
</div>
<div class="button-wrapper button-mini"><span class="icon-search"></span><input data-icon-only="1" data-font-icon="icon-search" data-icon-position="after" type="submit" id="quick_search_header_submit_2030355460" name="op" value="Search" class="form-submit" /></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-P-mkMpgwKvTETH911XbQ8FO3XvBW-mwCFiysY0soqs8" />
<input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="highwire_search_qsearch_nocontext_form" />
</div></form>  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-1 highwire-responsive-advanced-search-link pane-menu-tree" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <ul class="menu">
  <li><a href="/search" title="Advanced search">Advanced search</a></li>
  </ul>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
  </div>

  
  </div>
</div></div>
  </div>
</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div><div class="block block-panels-mini block-hw-small-logo block-panels-mini-hw-small-logo even block-without-title" id="block-panels-mini-hw-small-logo">
  <div class="block-inner clearfix">
                
    <div class="content clearfix">
      <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-hw_small_logo">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-small-logo" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <a href="/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img src="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/default/files/ajnr-logo.png" alt="American Journal of Neuroradiology" title="American Journal of Neuroradiology" /></a>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>  </div>
</div>  </div>
</div><div id="zone-user-wrapper" class="zone-wrapper zone-user-wrapper clearfix mobile-hidden print-hidden">  
  <div id="zone-user" class="zone zone-user clearfix equal-height-container mobile-hidden print-hidden container-30">    
  	    <div class="grid-30 region region-user-second equal-height-element" id="region-user-second">
  <div class="region-inner region-user-second-inner">
    <div class="block block-panels-mini text-right no-margin-bottom block-jnl-ajnr-uid-strng block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-uid-strng odd block-without-title" id="block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-uid-strng">
  <div class="block-inner clearfix">
                
    <div class="content clearfix">
      <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_uid_strng">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-user-identities" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="highwire-user-message" data-separator=" | "><span class="highwire-user-institution" data-id-type="institution" data-identity="a%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A4%3A%22show%22%3Bi%3A1%3Bs%3A7%3A%22message%22%3Bs%3A85%3A%22%3Cspan%20class%3D%22narrow-hidden%22%3EInstitution%3A%20%3C%2Fspan%3E%5Bidentity%3Ainstitutional_display_name%5D%22%3B%7D"></span></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>  </div>
</div>  </div>
</div>  
  <div id="zone-branding" class="zone zone-branding clearfix mobile-hidden print-display-block container-30">
    <div class="grid-19 prefix-1 region region-branding print-display-block" id="region-branding">
  <div class="region-inner region-branding-inner">
        <div class="branding-data clearfix">
            <div class="logo-img">
        <a href="/" rel="home" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img alt="American Journal of Neuroradiology" src="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/default/files/ajnr-web-logo_0.png" /></a>      </div>
                        <hgroup class="site-name-slogan element-invisible">        
                                <h2 class="site-name element-invisible"><a href="/" title="Home" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">American Journal of Neuroradiology</a></h2>
                              </hgroup>
          </div>
          </div>
</div><div class="grid-9 suffix-1 region region-branding-second print-hidden" id="region-branding-second">
  <div class="region-inner region-branding-second-inner">
    <div class="block block-panels-mini text-right no-margin-bottom block-jnl-ajnr-user-menu block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-user-menu odd block-without-title" id="block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-user-menu">
  <div class="block-inner clearfix">
                
    <div class="content clearfix">
      <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_user_menu">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-system-user-menu links inline pane-system" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/subscriber-help-and-services" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Subscribe</a></li>
<li class="leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/alerts" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Alerts</a></li>
<li class="leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/user/login?destination=/content/41/11/2041%3Fpanels_ajax_tab_tab%3Djnl_ajnr_tab_refs%26panels_ajax_tab_trigger%3Dtab-references" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Log in</a></li>
<li class="last leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/user/logout?current=node/80904" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Log out</a></li>
</ul></nav>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div><div class="block block-panels-mini block-jnl-ajnr-search-box block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-search-box even block-without-title" id="block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-search-box">
  <div class="block-inner clearfix">
                
    <div class="content clearfix">
      <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_search_box">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-seach-quicksearch no-margin-bottom" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <form class="highwire-quicksearch button-style-mini button-style-mini" action="/content/41/11/2041/tab-references" method="post" id="highwire-search-quicksearch-form-0" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-item-label-invisible form-type-textfield form-item-keywords">
  <label class="element-invisible" for="search_rightsidebar_keywords_1576451680">Search for this keyword </label>
 <input placeholder="search" type="text" id="search_rightsidebar_keywords_1576451680" name="keywords" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" class="form-text" />
</div>
<div class="button-wrapper button-mini"><span class="icon-search"></span><input data-icon-only="1" data-font-icon="icon-search" data-icon-position="after" type="submit" id="search_rightsidebar_submit_427066965" name="op" value="Search" class="form-submit" /></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-0PBKANP9-Silpcw0bhPy_hXHo2UalB0aMOw5t59-MwM" />
<input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="highwire_search_quicksearch_form_0" />
</div></form>  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-2" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <p><a href="/search">Advanced Search</a></p>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>  </div>
</div>  </div>
  
  <div id="zone-menu" class="zone zone-menu clearfix mobile-hidden container-30">
    <div class="grid-28 suffix-1 prefix-1 region region-menu region-menu-bg-opaque region-menu-no-border" id="region-menu">
  <div class="region-inner region-menu-inner">
        <div class="block block-nice-menus block-1 block-nice-menus-1 odd block-without-title" id="block-nice-menus-1">
  <div class="block-inner clearfix">
                
    <div class="content clearfix">
      <nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="nice-menu nice-menu-down nice-menu-main-menu" id="nice-menu-1" role="menu"><li class="menu-772 menu-path-front first odd " role="menuitem"><a href="/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Home</a></li>
<li class="menu-773 menuparent  menu-path-content-current active-trail  even " role="menuitem"><a href="/content/current" data-hide-link-title="0" class="active" data-icon-position="">Content</a><ul role="menu"><li class="menu-774 menu-path-content-current first odd " role="menuitem"><a href="/content/current" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Current Issue</a></li>
<li class="menu-1747 menu-path-content-early-preprint  even " role="menuitem"><a href="/content/early/preprint" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Publication Preview--Preprint</a></li>
<li class="menu-775 menu-path-content-early-recent  odd " role="menuitem"><a href="/content/early/recent" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Publication Preview--Ahead of Print</a></li>
<li class="menu-776 menu-path-content-by-year  even " role="menuitem"><a href="/content/by/year" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Past Issue Archive</a></li>
<li class="menu-900 menu-path-cow-by-year  odd " role="menuitem"><a href="/cow/by/year" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Case of the Week Archive</a></li>
<li class="menu-1006 menu-path-cc-by-year  even " role="menuitem"><a href="/cc/by/year" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Classic Case Archive</a></li>
<li class="menu-901 menu-path-com-by-year  odd " role="menuitem"><a href="/com/by/year" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Case of the Month Archive</a></li>
<li class="menu-1334 menu-path-ajnrorg-content-covid-19-content-and-resources  even last" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.ajnr.org/content/covid-19-content-and-resources" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">COVID-19 Content and Resources</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="menu-784 menuparent  menu-path-node-7  odd " role="menuitem"><a href="/content/about-us" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">About Us</a><ul role="menu"><li class="menu-785 menu-path-node-935 first odd " role="menuitem"><a href="/page/content/About" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">About AJNR</a></li>
<li class="menu-899 menu-path-sajnrorg-page-content-ed-board  even " role="menuitem"><a href="https://www.ajnr.org/page/content/Ed-Board" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Editorial Board</a></li>
<li class="menu-864 menu-path-asnrorg  odd last" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.asnr.org" data-hide-link-title="0" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="">American Society of Neuroradiology</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="menu-1746 menuparent  menu-path-front  even " role="menuitem"><a href="/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">For Authors</a><ul role="menu"><li class="menu-1725 menu-path-sajnrorg-content-author-policies first odd " role="menuitem"><a href="https://www.ajnr.org/content/author-policies" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Author Policies</a></li>
<li class="menu-1856 menu-path-sajnrorg-preprint-publishing  even " role="menuitem"><a href="https://www.ajnr.org/preprint_publishing" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Preprint Publishing</a></li>
<li class="menu-1726 menu-path-sajnrorg-content-manuscript-submission-guidelines  odd last" role="menuitem"><a href="https://www.ajnr.org/content/manuscript-submission-guidelines" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Manuscript Submission Guidelines</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="menu-862 menu-path-smcmanuscriptcentralcom-ajnr  odd " role="menuitem"><a href="https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/ajnr" data-hide-link-title="0" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="">Submit a Manuscript</a></li>
<li class="menu-1184 menuparent  menu-path-node-7  even " role="menuitem"><a href="/content/about-us" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Special Collections</a><ul role="menu"><li class="menu-1733 menu-path-ajnrorg-cc-csf-spinal-leak first odd " role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.ajnr.org/cc/CSF-Spinal-Leak" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Spinal CSF Leak Articles (Jan 2020-June 2024)</a></li>
<li class="menu-1185 menu-path-ajnrorg-cc-most-impactful-ajnr-articles  even " role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.ajnr.org/cc/most-impactful-ajnr-articles" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Most Impactful AJNR Articles</a></li>
<li class="menu-1896 menu-path-ajnrorg-cc-2024-awards  odd last" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.ajnr.org/cc/2024-Awards" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">2024 AJNR Journal Awards</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="menu-788 menuparent  menu-path-node-9  odd last" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/advertising" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">More</a><ul role="menu"><li class="menu-780 menu-path-node-960 first odd " role="menuitem"><a href="/content/subscriber-help-and-services" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Subscribers</a></li>
<li class="menu-863 menu-path-smarketplacecopyrightcom-rs-ui-web-mp-details-journal-122810747  even " role="menuitem"><a href="https://marketplace.copyright.com/rs-ui-web/mp/details/journal/122810747" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Permissions</a></li>
<li class="menu-782 menu-path-node-937  odd " role="menuitem"><a href="/page/content/Ads" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Advertisers</a></li>
<li class="menu-790 menu-path-alerts  even " role="menuitem"><a href="/alerts" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Alerts</a></li>
<li class="menu-791 menu-path-node-10  odd last" role="menuitem"><a href="/feedback" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Feedback</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></nav>
    </div>
  </div>
</div><div class="block block-menu text-right block-menu-social-media block-menu-menu-social-media even block-without-title" id="block-menu-menu-social-media">
  <div class="block-inner clearfix">
                
    <div class="content clearfix">
      <nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.twitter.com/TheAJNR" target="_blank" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="hw-icon-x-twitter"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">Follow AJNR on Twitter</span></a></li>
<li class="leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/AmJNeuroradiol" target="_blank" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon-facebook-sign icon-2x"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">Visit AJNR on Facebook</span></a></li>
<li class="leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/the_ajnr/?hl=en" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon-instagram icon-2x"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">Follow AJNR on Instagram</span></a></li>
<li class="leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/american-journal-of-neuroradiology" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon-linkedin icon-2x"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">Join AJNR on LinkedIn</span></a></li>
<li class="last leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/rss" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon-rss icon-2x"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">RSS Feeds</span></a></li>
</ul></nav>    </div>
  </div>
</div>  </div>
</div>
  </div>
  
  <div id="zone-header" class="zone zone-header clearfix container-30">
  	      </div>
</header>    
      <section id="section-content" class="section section-content">
    
  <div id="zone-content" class="zone zone-content clearfix container-30">    
        
    <div class="grid-28 suffix-1 prefix-1 region region-content" id="region-content">
  <div class="region-inner region-content-inner">
    <a id="main-content"></a>
                        <div class="block block-system block-main block-system-main odd block-without-title" id="block-system-main">
  <div class="block-inner clearfix">
                
    <div class="content clearfix">
      <div class="panel-display panels-960-layout jcore-2col-layout" >
	  <div class="panel-row-wrapper panel-row-first clearfix">
		
		<div class="top-wrapper">
			<div class="panel-panel panel-region-top">
			  <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-article-citation" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node80904--5" data-node-nid="80904" id="top-node-80904--61514589393" data-pisa="ajnr;41/11/2041" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A6792" data-apath="/ajnr/41/11/2041.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">Adult Brain</span></span></div>
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access"><i class="highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access open-access hw-icon-open-access" title="Open Access" aria-hidden="true"></i><span  class="element-invisible highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access" style="">Open Access</span></span></div>
  
      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">J.E. Park</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">J.Y. Kim</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">H.S. Kim</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">W.H. Shim</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">November 2020,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">41 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(11) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2041-2048; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6792 </span></div>
  
  
  
</div>
<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-80904--61514589393" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.E. Park </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.E.P., H.S.K., W.H.S.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.E.%2BPark%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Park%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.E.%2BPark%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-4682" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J.E. Park</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.Y. Kim </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Department of Radiology (J.Y.K.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.Y.%2BKim%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Kim%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.Y.%2BKim%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0619-0637" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J.Y. Kim</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">H.S. Kim </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.E.P., H.S.K., W.H.S.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=H.S.%2BKim%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Kim%20H&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AH.S.%2BKim%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9477-7421" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for H.S. Kim</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">W.H. Shim </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.E.P., H.S.K., W.H.S.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=W.H.%2BShim%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Shim%20W&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AW.H.%2BShim%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7251-2916" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for W.H. Shim</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
			</div>
		</div>
	
	</div> <!-- /.panel-row-wrapper -->	
	  
  <div class="panel-row-wrapper clearfix">
		
		<div class="main-content-wrapper grid-17 suffix-1 alpha">
			<div class="panel-panel panel-region-content">
			  <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-panel-tabs pane-panels-ajax-tab-tabs" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="item-list"><ul class="tabs inline panels-ajax-tab"><li class="first"><a href="/content/41/11/2041" class="panels-ajax-tab-tab" data-panel-name="jnl_ajnr_tab_art" data-target-id="highwire_article_tabs" data-entity-context="node:80904" data-trigger="" data-url-enabled="1">Article</a><a href="/panels_ajax_tab/jnl_ajnr_tab_art/node:80904/1" rel="nofollow" style="display:none" class="js-crawler-link"></a></li><li><a href="/content/41/11/2041/tab-figures-data" class="panels-ajax-tab-tab" data-panel-name="jnl_ajnr_tab_data" data-target-id="highwire_article_tabs" data-entity-context="node:80904" data-trigger="tab-figures-data" data-url-enabled="1">Figures &amp; Data</a><a href="/panels_ajax_tab/jnl_ajnr_tab_data/node:80904/1" rel="nofollow" style="display:none" class="js-crawler-link"></a></li><li><a href="/content/41/11/2041/tab-references" class="panels-ajax-tab-tab" data-panel-name="jnl_ajnr_tab_refs" data-target-id="highwire_article_tabs" data-entity-context="node:80904" data-trigger="tab-references" data-url-enabled="1">References</a><a href="/panels_ajax_tab/jnl_ajnr_tab_refs/node:80904/1" rel="nofollow" style="display:none" class="js-crawler-link"></a></li><li><a href="/content/41/11/2041/tab-article-info" class="panels-ajax-tab-tab" data-panel-name="jnl_ajnr_tab_info" data-target-id="highwire_article_tabs" data-entity-context="node:80904" data-trigger="tab-article-info" data-url-enabled="1">Info &amp; Metrics</a><a href="/panels_ajax_tab/jnl_ajnr_tab_info/node:80904/1" rel="nofollow" style="display:none" class="js-crawler-link"></a></li><li class="last"><a href="/content/ajnr/41/11/2041.full.pdf" class="panels-ajax-tab-tab" data-panel-name="jnl_ajnr_tab_pdf" data-target-id="highwire_article_tabs" data-entity-context="node:80904" data-trigger="tab-pdf" data-url-enabled="1"><i class="icon-file-alt"></i> PDF</a><a href="/panels_ajax_tab/jnl_ajnr_tab_pdf/node:80904/1" rel="nofollow" style="display:none" class="js-crawler-link"></a></li></ul></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-panel-tabs-container" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div data-panels-ajax-tab-preloaded="jnl_ajnr_tab_refs" id="panels-ajax-tab-container-highwire_article_tabs" class="panels-ajax-tab-container"><div class="panels-ajax-tab-loading" style ="display:none"><img class="loading" src="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/panels_ajax_tab/images/loading.gif" alt="Loading" title="Loading" /></div><div class="panels-ajax-tab-wrap-jnl_ajnr_tab_refs"><div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" >
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-markup" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="section ref-list" id="ref-list-1"><h2 class="">References</h2><ol class="cit-list ref-use-labels"><li><span class="ref-label">1.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-1-1" title="View reference 1. in text" id="ref-1">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.1" data-doi="10.1097/MD.0000000000002624"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Chung</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">SR</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Choi</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">YJ</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kim</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">HS</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Tumor vascular permeability pattern is associated with complete response in immunocompetent patients with newly diagnosed primary central nervous system lymphoma: retrospective cohort study</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Medicine (Baltimore)</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2016</span>;<span class="cit-vol">95</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">e2624</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1097/MD.0000000000002624</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>26871782</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/MD.0000000000002624&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=26871782&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">2.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-2-1" title="View reference 2. in text" id="ref-2">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.2" data-doi="10.1016/S0169-409X(00)00131-9"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Jain</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">RK</span></span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Delivery of molecular and cellular medicine to solid tumors</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Adv Drug Deliv Rev</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2001</span>;<span class="cit-vol">46</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">149</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">68</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1016/S0169-409X(00)00131-9</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>11259838</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/S0169-409X(00)00131-9&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=11259838&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=000167611100010&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">3.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-3-1" title="View reference 3. in text" id="ref-3">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.3" data-doi="10.1002/jmri.10304"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Choyke</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">PL</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Dwyer</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">AJ</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Knopp</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MV</span></span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Functional tumor imaging with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">J Magn Reson Imaging</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2003</span>;<span class="cit-vol">17</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">509</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">20</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1002/jmri.10304</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>12720260</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1002/jmri.10304&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=12720260&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=000182630800001&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">4.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-4-1" title="View reference 4. in text" id="ref-4">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.4" data-doi="10.3174/ajnr.A3012"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Nguyen</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">TB</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Cron</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">GO</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Mercier</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JF</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Diagnostic accuracy of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging using a phase-derived vascular input function in the preoperative grading of gliomas</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">AJNR Am J Neuroradiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2012</span>;<span class="cit-vol">33</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1539</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">45</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.3174/ajnr.A3012</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>22442046</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6NDoiYWpuciI7czo1OiJyZXNpZCI7czo5OiIzMy84LzE1MzkiO3M6NDoiYXRvbSI7czoyMToiL2FqbnIvNDEvMTEvMjA0MS5hdG9tIjt9czo4OiJmcmFnbWVudCI7czowOiIiO30=" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">5.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-5-1" title="View reference 5. in text" id="ref-5">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.5"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Mills</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">SJ</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Patankar</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">TA</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Haroon</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">HA</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Do cerebral blood volume and contrast transfer coefficient predict prognosis in human glioma</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">AJNR Am J Neuroradiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2006</span>;<span class="cit-vol">27</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">853</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">58</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>16611778</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6NDoiYWpuciI7czo1OiJyZXNpZCI7czo4OiIyNy80Lzg1MyI7czo0OiJhdG9tIjtzOjIxOiIvYWpuci80MS8xMS8yMDQxLmF0b20iO31zOjg6ImZyYWdtZW50IjtzOjA6IiI7fQ==" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">6.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-6-1" title="View reference 6. in text" id="ref-6">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-web" id="cit-41.11.2041.6"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Tofts</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">PS</span></span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">T1-weighted DCE imaging concepts: modelling, acquisition and analysis</span>. <span class="cit-source">Signal</span> <span class="cit-pub-date">2010</span>;<span class="cit-vol">500</span>(<span class="cit-issue">450</span>):<span class="cit-fpage">400</span>.</cite></div><div class="cit-extra"></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">7.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-7-1" title="View reference 7. in text" id="ref-7">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.7" data-doi="10.1002/(SICI)1522-2586(199909)10:3&lt;254::AID-JMRI5&gt;3.0.CO;2-9"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Evelhoch</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JL</span></span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Key factors in the acquisition of contrast kinetic data for oncology</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">J Magn Reson Imaging</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">1999</span>;<span class="cit-vol">10</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">254</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">59</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1002/(SICI)1522-2586(199909)10:3&lt;254::AID-JMRI5&gt;3.0.CO;2-9</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>10508284</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1002/(SICI)1522-2586(199909)10:3&lt;254::AID-JMRI5&gt;3.0.CO;2-9&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10508284&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=000084567100005&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">8.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-8-1" title="View reference 8. in text" id="ref-8">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.8" data-doi="10.1148/radiol.10092343"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Lemasson</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">B</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Serduc</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">R</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Maisin</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">C</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Monitoring blood-brain barrier status in a rat model of glioma receiving therapy: dual injection of low-molecular-weight and macromolecular MR contrast media</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Radiology</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2010</span>;<span class="cit-vol">257</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">342</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">52</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1148/radiol.10092343</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>20829544</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1148/radiol.10092343&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=20829544&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">9.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-9-1" title="View reference 9. in text" id="ref-9">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.9" data-doi="10.1007/s00234-012-1127-4"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Larsen</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">VA</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Simonsen</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">HJ</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Law</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">I</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Evaluation of dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted perfusion MRI in the differentiation of tumor recurrence from radiation necrosis</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Neuroradiology</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2013</span>;<span class="cit-vol">55</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">361</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">69</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1007/s00234-012-1127-4</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>23262559</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1007/s00234-012-1127-4&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=23262559&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">10.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-10-1" title="View reference 10. in text" id="ref-10">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.10" data-doi="10.1038/jcbfm.2009.86"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Marine</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">B</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Benjamin</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">L</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Régine</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">F</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Characterization of tumor angiogenesis in rat brain using iron-based vessel size index MRI in combination with gadolinium-based dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">J Cereb Blood Flow Metab</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2009</span>;<span class="cit-vol">29</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1714</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">26</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1038/jcbfm.2009.86</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>19584891</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1038/jcbfm.2009.86&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=19584891&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">11.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-11-1" title="View reference 11. in text" id="ref-11">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.11" data-doi="10.3174/ajnr.A3915"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kickingereder</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">P</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Sahm</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">F</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Wiestler</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">B</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Evaluation of microvascular permeability with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI for the differentiation of primary CNS lymphoma and glioblastoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">AJNR Am J Neuroradiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2014</span>;<span class="cit-vol">35</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1503</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">08</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.3174/ajnr.A3915</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>24722313</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6NDoiYWpuciI7czo1OiJyZXNpZCI7czo5OiIzNS84LzE1MDMiO3M6NDoiYXRvbSI7czoyMToiL2FqbnIvNDEvMTEvMjA0MS5hdG9tIjt9czo4OiJmcmFnbWVudCI7czowOiIiO30=" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">12.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-12-1" title="View reference 12. in text" id="ref-12">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.12" data-doi="10.1148/radiol.2017170362"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Anzalone</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">N</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Castellano</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">A</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Cadioli</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">M</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Brain gliomas: multicenter standardized assessment of dynamic contrast-enhanced and dynamic susceptibility contrast MR images</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Radiology</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2018</span>;<span class="cit-vol">287</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">933</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">43</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1148/radiol.2017170362</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>29361245</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1148/radiol.2017170362&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=29361245&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">13.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-13-1" title="View reference 13. in text" id="ref-13">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.13" data-doi="10.1002/mrm.10327"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Gillis</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">A</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Gray</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">M</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Burstein</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">D</span></span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Relaxivity and diffusion of gadolinium agents in cartilage</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Magn Reson Med</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2002</span>;<span class="cit-vol">48</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1068</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">71</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1002/mrm.10327</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>12465119</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1002/mrm.10327&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=12465119&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=000179524200021&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">14.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-14-1" title="View reference 14. in text" id="ref-14">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.14" data-doi="10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.01.019"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Wiener</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">E</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Woertler</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">K</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Weirich</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">G</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Contrast enhanced cartilage imaging: comparison of ionic and non-ionic contrast agents</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Eur J Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2007</span>;<span class="cit-vol">63</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">110</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">09</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.01.019</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>17306946</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.01.019&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=17306946&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">15.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-15-1" title="View reference 15. in text" id="ref-15">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.15" data-doi="10.1097/RLI.0000000000000645"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Knobloch</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">G</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Frenzel</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">T</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Pietsch</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">H</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Signal enhancement and enhancement kinetics of gadobutrol, gadoteridol, and gadoterate meglumine in various body regions: a comparative animal study</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Invest Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2020</span>;<span class="cit-vol">55</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">367</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">73</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1097/RLI.0000000000000645</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>31985602</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/RLI.0000000000000645&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=31985602&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">16.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-16-1" title="View reference 16. in text" id="ref-16">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.16" data-doi="10.1097/RLI.0000000000000039"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Renz</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">DM</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Durmus</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">T</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Bottcher</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">J</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Comparison of gadoteric acid and gadobutrol for detection as well as morphologic and dynamic characterization of lesions on breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Invest Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2014</span>;<span class="cit-vol">49</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">474</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">84</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1097/RLI.0000000000000039</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>24637587</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/RLI.0000000000000039&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=24637587&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">17.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-17-1" title="View reference 17. in text" id="ref-17">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.17" data-doi="10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.01.023"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Bellin</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MF</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Van Der Molen</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">AJ</span></span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Extracellular gadolinium-based contrast media: an overview</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Eur J Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2008</span>;<span class="cit-vol">66</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">160</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">07</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.01.023</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>18358659</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.01.023&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=18358659&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">18.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-18-1" title="View reference 18. in text" id="ref-18">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.18" data-doi="10.1097/01.rli.0000184756.66360.d3"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Rohrer</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">M</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Bauer</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">H</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Mintorovitch</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">J</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Comparison of magnetic properties of MRI contrast media solutions at different magnetic field strengths</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Invest Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2005</span>;<span class="cit-vol">40</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">715</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">24</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1097/01.rli.0000184756.66360.d3</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>16230904</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/01.rli.0000184756.66360.d3&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=16230904&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=000232753400005&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">19.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-19-1" title="View reference 19. in text" id="ref-19">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.19" data-doi="10.1007/BF00691651"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Bertolotto</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">A</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Giordana</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MT</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Magrassi</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">ML</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Glycosaminoglycans (GASs) in human cerebral tumors</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Acta Neuropathol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">1982</span>;<span class="cit-vol">58</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">115</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">19</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1007/BF00691651</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>6817587</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1007/BF00691651&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=6817587&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">20.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-20-1" title="View reference 20. in text" id="ref-20">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.20" data-doi="10.1007/BF02158001"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Bertolotto</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">A</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Magrassi</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">ML</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Orsi</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">L</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Glycosaminoglycan changes in human gliomas: a biochemical study</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">J Neurooncol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">1986</span>;<span class="cit-vol">4</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">43</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">48</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1007/BF02158001</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>3746384</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1007/BF02158001&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=3746384&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">21.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-21-1" title="View reference 21. in text" id="ref-21">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.21" data-doi="10.1002/jcb.240280302"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Bourdon</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MA</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Matthews</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">TJ</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Pizzo</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">SV</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Immunochemical and biochemical characterization of a glioma-associated extracellular matrix glycoprotein</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">J Cell Biochem</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">1985</span>;<span class="cit-vol">28</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">183</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">95</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1002/jcb.240280302</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>4066774</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1002/jcb.240280302&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=4066774&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=A1985AMS4900001&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">22.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-22-1" title="View reference 22. in text" id="ref-22">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.22" data-doi="10.1007/s00401-016-1545-1"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Louis</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">DN</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Perry</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">A</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Reifenberger</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">G</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Acta Neuropathol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2016</span>;<span class="cit-vol">131</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">803</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">20</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1007/s00401-016-1545-1</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>27157931</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1007/s00401-016-1545-1&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=27157931&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">23.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-23-1" title="View reference 23. in text" id="ref-23">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.23" data-doi="10.3389/fonc.2019.01288"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Cuoco</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JA</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Klein</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">BJ</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Busch</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">CM</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Corticosteroid-induced regression of glioblastoma: a radiographic conundrum</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Front Oncol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2019</span>;<span class="cit-vol">9</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1288</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.3389/fonc.2019.01288</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>31824861</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.3389/fonc.2019.01288&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=31824861&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">24.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-24-1" title="View reference 24. in text" id="ref-24">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.24" data-doi="10.1002/mrm.1910170208"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Tofts</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">PS</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kermode</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">AG</span></span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Measurement of the blood-brain barrier permeability and leakage space using dynamic MR imaging. 1: fundamental concepts</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Magn Reson Med</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">1991</span>;<span class="cit-vol">17</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">357</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">67</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1002/mrm.1910170208</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>2062210</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1002/mrm.1910170208&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=2062210&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=A1991EW71200007&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">25.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-25-1" title="View reference 25. in text" id="ref-25">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.25" data-doi="10.1002/mrm.21358"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Haacke</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">EM</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Filleti</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">CL</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Gattu</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">R</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">New algorithm for quantifying vascular changes in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI independent of absolute T1 values</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Magn Reson Med</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2007</span>;<span class="cit-vol">58</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">463</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">72</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1002/mrm.21358</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>17763352</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1002/mrm.21358&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=17763352&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">26.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-26-1" title="View reference 26. in text" id="ref-26">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.26" data-doi="10.3174/ajnr.A3825"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Jung</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">SC</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Yeom</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JA</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kim</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JH</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Glioma: Application of histogram analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters from T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging to tumor grading</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">AJNR Am J Neuroradiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2014</span>;<span class="cit-vol">35</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1103</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">10</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.3174/ajnr.A3825</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>24384119</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6NDoiYWpuciI7czo1OiJyZXNpZCI7czo5OiIzNS82LzExMDMiO3M6NDoiYXRvbSI7czoyMToiL2FqbnIvNDEvMTEvMjA0MS5hdG9tIjt9czo4OiJmcmFnbWVudCI7czowOiIiO30=" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">27.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-27-1" title="View reference 27. in text" id="ref-27">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.27" data-doi="10.1200/JCO.2009.26.3541"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Wen</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">PY</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Macdonald</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">DR</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Reardon</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">DA</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Updated response assessment criteria for high-grade gliomas: Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology working group</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">J Clin Oncol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2010</span>;<span class="cit-vol">28</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1963</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">72</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1200/JCO.2009.26.3541</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>20231676</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6MzoiamNvIjtzOjU6InJlc2lkIjtzOjEwOiIyOC8xMS8xOTYzIjtzOjQ6ImF0b20iO3M6MjE6Ii9ham5yLzQxLzExLzIwNDEuYXRvbSI7fXM6ODoiZnJhZ21lbnQiO3M6MDoiIjt9" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">28.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-28-1" title="View reference 28. in text" id="ref-28">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.28" data-doi="10.1148/radiol.13130016"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Chung</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">WJ</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kim</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">HS</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kim</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">N</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Recurrent glioblastoma: optimum area under the curve method derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted perfusion MR imaging</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Radiology</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2013</span>;<span class="cit-vol">269</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">561</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">68</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1148/radiol.13130016</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>23878286</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1148/radiol.13130016&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=23878286&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">29.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-29-1" title="View reference 29. in text" id="ref-29">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.29" data-doi="10.1148/radiol.14132632"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Yun</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">TJ</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Park</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">CK</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kim</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">TM</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Glioblastoma treated with concurrent radiation therapy and temozolomide chemotherapy: differentiation of true progression from pseudoprogression with quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Radiology</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2015</span>;<span class="cit-vol">274</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">830</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">40</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1148/radiol.14132632</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>25333475</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1148/radiol.14132632&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=25333475&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">30.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-30-1" title="View reference 30. in text" id="ref-30">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.30" data-doi="10.1007/s11060-015-1893-z"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Thomas</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">AA</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Arevalo-Perez</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">J</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kaley</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">T</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Dynamic contrast enhanced T1 MRI perfusion differentiates pseudoprogression from recurrent glioblastoma</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">J Neurooncol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2015</span>;<span class="cit-vol">125</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">183</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">90</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1007/s11060-015-1893-z</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>26275367</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1007/s11060-015-1893-z&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=26275367&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">31.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-31-1" title="View reference 31. in text" id="ref-31">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.31" data-doi="10.1148/radiol.2017161588"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Yoon</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">RG</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kim</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">HS</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Koh</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MJ</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Differentiation of recurrent glioblastoma from delayed radiation necrosis by using voxel-based multiparametric analysis of MR imaging data</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Radiology</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2017</span>;<span class="cit-vol">285</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">206</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">13</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1148/radiol.2017161588</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>28535120</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1148/radiol.2017161588&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=28535120&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">32.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-32-1" title="View reference 32. in text" id="ref-32">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.32" data-doi="10.1148/radiol.14141414"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Park</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JE</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kim</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">HS</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Goh</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MJ</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Pseudoprogression in patients with glioblastoma: assessment by using volume-weighted voxel-based multiparametric clustering of MR imaging data in an independent test set</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Radiology</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2015</span>;<span class="cit-vol">275</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">792</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">802</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1148/radiol.14141414</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>25611736</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1148/radiol.14141414&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=25611736&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">33.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-33-1" title="View reference 33. in text" id="ref-33">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.33" data-doi="10.1093/neuonc/nor075"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Narang</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">J</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Jain</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">R</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Arbab</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">AS</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Differentiating treatment-induced necrosis from recurrent/progressive brain tumor using nonmodel-based semiquantitative indices derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR perfusion</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Neuro Oncol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2011</span>;<span class="cit-vol">13</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1037</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">46</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1093/neuonc/nor075</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>21803763</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1093/neuonc/nor075&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=21803763&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">34.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-34-1" title="View reference 34. in text" id="ref-34">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.34" data-doi="10.3174/ajnr.A4190"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Hamilton</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JD</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Lin</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">J</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Ison</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">C</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion processing for neuroradiologists: model-dependent analysis may not be necessary for determining recurrent high-grade glioma versus treatment effect</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">AJNR Am J Neuroradiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2015</span>;<span class="cit-vol">36</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">686</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">93</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.3174/ajnr.A4190</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>25500312</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6NDoiYWpuciI7czo1OiJyZXNpZCI7czo4OiIzNi80LzY4NiI7czo0OiJhdG9tIjtzOjIxOiIvYWpuci80MS8xMS8yMDQxLmF0b20iO31zOjg6ImZyYWdtZW50IjtzOjA6IiI7fQ==" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">35.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-35-1" title="View reference 35. in text" id="ref-35">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.35" data-doi="10.1002/jmri.23760"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Haneder</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">S</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Attenberger</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">UI</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Schoenberg</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">SO</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Comparison of 0.5 M gadoterate and 1.0 M gadobutrol in peripheral MRA: a prospective, single-center, randomized, crossover, double-blind study</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">J Magn Reson Imaging</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2012</span>;<span class="cit-vol">36</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1213</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">21</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1002/jmri.23760</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>22848033</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1002/jmri.23760&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=22848033&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">36.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-36-1" title="View reference 36. in text" id="ref-36">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.36" data-doi="10.1007/s00330-014-3426-0"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Fallenberg</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">EM</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Renz</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">DM</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Karle</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">B</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Intraindividual, randomized comparison of the macrocyclic contrast agents gadobutrol and gadoterate meglumine in breast magnetic resonance imaging</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Eur Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2015</span>;<span class="cit-vol">25</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">837</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">49</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1007/s00330-014-3426-0</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>25249313</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1007/s00330-014-3426-0&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=25249313&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">37.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-37-1" title="View reference 37. in text" id="ref-37">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.37" data-doi="10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.07.005"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Anzalone</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">N</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Scarabino</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">T</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Venturi</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">C</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Cerebral neoplastic enhancing lesions: multicenter, randomized, crossover intraindividual comparison between gadobutrol (1.0M) and gadoterate meglumine (0.5M) at 0.1 mmol Gd/kg body weight in a clinical setting</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Eur J Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2013</span>;<span class="cit-vol">82</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">139</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">45</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.07.005</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>21890295</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.07.005&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=21890295&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">38.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-38-1" title="View reference 38. in text" id="ref-38">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.38" data-doi="10.3174/ajnr.A5316"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Maravilla</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">KR</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">San-Juan</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">D</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kim</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">SJ</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Comparison of gadoterate meglumine and gadobutrol in the MRI diagnosis of primary brain tumors: a double-blind randomized controlled intraindividual crossover study (the REMIND study)</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">AJNR Am J Neuroradiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2017</span>;<span class="cit-vol">38</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1681</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">88</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.3174/ajnr.A5316</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>28663267</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6NDoiYWpuciI7czo1OiJyZXNpZCI7czo5OiIzOC85LzE2ODEiO3M6NDoiYXRvbSI7czoyMToiL2FqbnIvNDEvMTEvMjA0MS5hdG9tIjt9czo4OiJmcmFnbWVudCI7czowOiIiO30=" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">39.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-39-1" title="View reference 39. in text" id="ref-39">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.39" data-doi="10.1007/s00330-012-2557-4"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Pediconi</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">F</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kubik-Huch</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">R</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Chilla</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">B</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Intra-individual randomised comparison of gadobutrol 1.0 M versus gadobenate dimeglumine 0.5 M in patients scheduled for preoperative breast MRI</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Eur Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2013</span>;<span class="cit-vol">23</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">84</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">92</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1007/s00330-012-2557-4</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>22797979</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1007/s00330-012-2557-4&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=22797979&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">40.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-40-1" title="View reference 40. in text" id="ref-40">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.40" data-doi="10.1007/s00330-013-2946-3"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Koenig</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">M</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Schulte-Altedorneburg</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">G</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Piontek</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">M</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Intra-individual, randomised comparison of the MRI contrast agents gadobutrol versus gadoteridol in patients with primary and secondary brain tumours, evaluated in a blinded read</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Eur Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2013</span>;<span class="cit-vol">23</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">3287</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">95</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1007/s00330-013-2946-3</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>23824152</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1007/s00330-013-2946-3&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=23824152&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">41.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-41-1" title="View reference 41. in text" id="ref-41">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.41" data-doi="10.1159/000447219"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Hara</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">T</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Ogata</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">T</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Wada</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">H</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Prostate cancer detection with multiparametric MRI: a comparison of 1 M-concentration gadobutrol with 0.5 m-concentration gadolinium-based contrast agents</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Curr Urol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2018</span>;<span class="cit-vol">11</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">201</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">05</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1159/000447219</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>29997463</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1159/000447219&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=29997463&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">42.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-42-1" title="View reference 42. in text" id="ref-42">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.42" data-doi="10.1007/s00330-015-3889-7"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Saake</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">M</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Langner</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">S</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Schwenke</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">C</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">MRI in multiple sclerosis: an intra-individual, randomized and multicentric comparison of gadobutrol with gadoterate meglumine at 3 T</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Eur Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2016</span>;<span class="cit-vol">26</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">820</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">28</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1007/s00330-015-3889-7</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>26123410</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1007/s00330-015-3889-7&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=26123410&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">43.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-43-1" title="View reference 43. in text" id="ref-43">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.43" data-doi="10.3174/ajnr.A4154"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Maravilla</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">KR</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Smith</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MP</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Vymazal</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">J</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Are there differences between macrocyclic gadolinium contrast agents for brain tumor imaging? Results of a multicenter intraindividual crossover comparison of gadobutrol with gadoteridol (the TRUTH study)</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">AJNR Am J Neuroradiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2015</span>;<span class="cit-vol">36</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">14</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">23</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.3174/ajnr.A4154</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>25300984</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6NDoiYWpuciI7czo1OiJyZXNpZCI7czo3OiIzNi8xLzE0IjtzOjQ6ImF0b20iO3M6MjE6Ii9ham5yLzQxLzExLzIwNDEuYXRvbSI7fXM6ODoiZnJhZ21lbnQiO3M6MDoiIjt9" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">44.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-44-1" title="View reference 44. in text" id="ref-44">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.44" data-doi="10.1007/s00330-018-5956-3"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Rahsepar</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">AA</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Ghasemiesfe</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">A</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Suwa</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">K</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Comprehensive evaluation of macroscopic and microscopic myocardial fibrosis by cardiac MR: intra-individual comparison of gadobutrol versus gadoterate meglumine</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Eur Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2019</span>;<span class="cit-vol">29</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">4357</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">67</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1007/s00330-018-5956-3</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>30617490</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1007/s00330-018-5956-3&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=30617490&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">45.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-45-1" title="View reference 45. in text" id="ref-45">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.45" data-doi="10.1097/RLI.0b013e3181852171"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Frenzel</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">T</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Lengsfeld</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">P</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Schirmer</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">H</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Stability of gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents in human serum at 37 degrees C</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Invest Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2008</span>;<span class="cit-vol">43</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">817</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">28</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1097/RLI.0b013e3181852171</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>19002053</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/RLI.0b013e3181852171&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=19002053&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=000261271300001&amp;link_type=ISI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-newisilink cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience"><span>Web of Science</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">46.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-46-1" title="View reference 46. in text" id="ref-46">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.46" data-doi="10.1007/s00330-008-0977-y"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Sieber</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MA</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Lengsfeld</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">P</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Frenzel</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">T</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Preclinical investigation to compare different gadolinium-based contrast agents regarding their propensity to release gadolinium in vivo and to trigger nephrogenic systemic fibrosis-like lesions</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Eur Radiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2008</span>;<span class="cit-vol">18</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">2164</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">73</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1007/s00330-008-0977-y</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>18545998</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1007/s00330-008-0977-y&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=18545998&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">47.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-47-1" title="View reference 47. in text" id="ref-47">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.47" data-doi="10.1002/jmri.22089"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Attenberger</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">UI</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Runge</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">VM</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Morelli</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JN</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Evaluation of gadobutrol, a macrocyclic, nonionic gadolinium chelate in a brain glioma model: comparison with gadoterate meglumine and gadopentetate dimeglumine at 1.5 T, combined with an assessment of field strength dependence, specifically 1.5 versus 3 T</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">J Magn Reson Imaging</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2010</span>;<span class="cit-vol">31</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">549</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">55</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1002/jmri.22089</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-pmid"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-pmid">pmid:</span>20187196</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1002/jmri.22089&amp;link_type=DOI" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-doi cit-ref-sprinkles-crossref"><span>CrossRef</span></a><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=20187196&amp;link_type=MED&amp;atom=%2Fajnr%2F41%2F11%2F2041.atom" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline"><span>PubMed</span></a></div></div></li><li><span class="ref-label">48.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-48-1" title="View reference 48. in text" id="ref-48">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-41.11.2041.48" data-doi="10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-03-0417"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Evelhoch</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JL</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">LoRusso</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">PM</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">He</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">Z</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Magnetic resonance imaging measurements of the response of murine and human tumors to the vascular-targeting agent ZD6126</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Clin Cancer Res</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2004</span>;<span class="cit-vol">10</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">3650</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">57</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi"><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme-doi">doi:</span>10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-03-0417</span></cite></div><div class="cit-extra"><a href="/lookup/ijlink/YTozOntzOjQ6InBhdGgiO3M6MTQ6Ii9sb29rdXAvaWpsaW5rIjtzOjU6InF1ZXJ5IjthOjQ6e3M6ODoibGlua1R5cGUiO3M6NDoiQUJTVCI7czoxMToiam91cm5hbENvZGUiO3M6MTA6ImNsaW5jYW5yZXMiO3M6NToicmVzaWQiO3M6MTA6IjEwLzExLzM2NTAiO3M6NDoiYXRvbSI7czoyMToiL2FqbnIvNDEvMTEvMjA0MS5hdG9tIjt9czo4OiJmcmFnbWVudCI7czowOiIiO30=" class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-ijlink"><span><span class="cit-reflinks-abstract">Abstract</span><span class="cit-sep cit-reflinks-variant-name-sep">/</span><span class="cit-reflinks-full-text"><span class="free-full-text">FREE </span>Full Text</span></span></a></div></div></li></ol></div></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
</div></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-node-pager" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="pager highwire-pager pager-mini clearfix highwire-node-pager highwire-article-pager"><span class="pager-prev"><a href="/content/41/11/2034" title="Dynamic CTA-Derived Perfusion Maps Predict Final Infarct Volume: The Simple Perfusion Reconstruction Algorithm" rel="prev" class="pager-link-prev link-icon"><span class="icon-circle-arrow-left"></span> <span class="title">Previous</span></a></span><span class="pager-next"><a href="/content/41/11/2049" title="Centrally Reduced Diffusion Sign for Differentiation between Treatment-Related Lesions and Glioma Progression: A Validation Study" rel="next" class="pager-link-next link-icon-right link-icon"><span class="title">Next</span> <span class="icon-circle-arrow-right"></span></a></span></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-back-to-top" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <a href="#page" class="back-to-top" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="icon-chevron-up"></span> Back to top</a>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
			</div>
		</div>
		
		<div class="sidebar-right-wrapper grid-10 omega">
			<div class="panel-panel panel-region-sidebar-right">
			  <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-jnl-ajnr-art-issue pane-style-alt-content" >
  
        <h2 class="pane-title">In this issue</h2>
    
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_art_issue">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-article-citation" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-issue node80798" data-node-nid="80798" id="node-80798--2889909251" data-pisa="ajnr;41/11" data-pisa-master="ajnr;41/11" data-apath="/ajnr/41/11.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-issue highwire-citation-jcore-issue-widget clearfix">
    
      <div class="highwire-cite-highlight"><a href="/content/41/11"  class="highlight-image-linked"><img class="highlight-image" src="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/highwire/ajnr/41/11.cover-source.jpg?itok=h9ai6z8K" alt="American Journal of Neuroradiology: 41 (11)" /></a></div>
  
  <div class="highwire-cite-col">
      
      
          <a href="/content/41/11" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">American Journal of Neuroradiology</span></a>      
      
        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 41</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 11 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Nov 2020 </div></div>
      
      
        	<div class="highwire-cite-extras"><div class='highwire-article-citation-variant-list'><ul class="links variants-list"><li class="toc first"><a href="/content/41/11.toc" class="highwire-variant-link variant-toc " title="Table of Contents" rel="alternate" type="text/html" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Table of Contents</a></li><li class="index-by-author"><a href="/content/41/11.index-by-author" class="highwire-variant-link variant-index-by-author " title="Index by author" rel="alternate" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Index by author</a></li><li class="enclosure-complete-issue last"><a href="/content/ajnr/41/11/local/complete-issue.pdf" class="highwire-variant-link variant-enclosure" title="Complete Issue (PDF)" rel="alternative" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Complete Issue (PDF)</a></li></ul></div></div>
      </div>

</div></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-jnl-ajnr-ad-rhs" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_ad_rhs">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-dfp-pane text-center" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div id="dfp-ad-rhs-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
<div class="slug">Advertisement</div>
<div  id="dfp-ad-rhs" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
  <script type="text/javascript">
    googletag.cmd.push(function() {
      googletag.display("dfp-ad-rhs");
    });
  </script>
</div>
</div>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-jnl-ajnr-art-tools" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_art_tools" class="highwire-2col-stacked panel-display">
	  
  <div class="panel-row-wrapper clearfix">
		<div class="content-left-wrapper content-column">
          <div class="panel-panel panel-region-content-left">
            <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-variant-link" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <a href="/content/ajnr/41/11/2041.full-text.print" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="link-icon"><span class="icon-print"></span> <span class="title">Print</span></a>  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-variant-link text-no-wrap" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <a href="/content/ajnr/41/11/2041.full-text.pdf" target="_blank" class="link-icon"><span class="icon-download-alt"></span> <span class="title">Download PDF</span></a>  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-pane pane-minipanel-dialog-link pane-jnl-ajnr-art-email" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class='minipanel-dialog-wrapper'><div class='minipanel-dialog-link-link'><a href="/" oncontextmenu="javascript: return false;" class="minipanel-dialog-link-trigger link-icon" title="Email this Article"><span class="icon-envelope"></span> <span class="title">Email Article</span></a></div><div class='minipanel-dialog-link-mini' style='display:none'><div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_art_email">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-forward-form pane-forward" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <form action="/content/41/11/2041/tab-references" method="post" id="forward-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div id="edit-instructions" class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-item">
 <p>Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on American Journal of Neuroradiology.</p><p>NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.</p>
</div>
<div class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-textfield form-item-email">
  <label for="edit-email">Your Email <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label>
 <input type="text" id="edit-email" name="email" value="" size="58" maxlength="256" class="form-text required" />
</div>
<div class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-textfield form-item-name">
  <label for="edit-name">Your Name <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label>
 <input type="text" id="edit-name" name="name" value="" size="58" maxlength="256" class="form-text required" />
</div>
<div class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-textarea form-item-recipients">
  <label for="edit-recipients">Send To <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label>
 <div class="form-textarea-wrapper resizable"><textarea id="edit-recipients" name="recipients" cols="50" rows="5" class="form-textarea required"></textarea></div>
<div class="description">Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.</div>
</div>
<div id="edit-page" class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-item">
  <label for="edit-page">You are going to email the following </label>
 <a href="/content/41/11/2041" class="active" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study</a>
</div>
<div id="edit-subject" class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-item">
  <label for="edit-subject">Message Subject </label>
 (Your Name) has sent you a message from American Journal of Neuroradiology
</div>
<div id="edit-body" class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-item">
  <label for="edit-body">Message Body </label>
 (Your Name) thought you would like to see the American Journal of Neuroradiology web site.
</div>
<div class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-textarea form-item-message">
  <label for="edit-message--2">Your Personal Message </label>
 <div class="form-textarea-wrapper resizable"><textarea id="edit-message--2" name="message" cols="50" rows="10" class="form-textarea"></textarea></div>
</div>
<input type="hidden" name="path" value="node/80904" />
<input type="hidden" name="path_cid" value="" />
<input type="hidden" name="forward_footer" value="" />
<input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-EKNeNHqU5TqVW9aOXIAyknvQptb-sD-4doZ24ZiN6Dg" />
<input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="forward_form" />
<fieldset class="captcha form-wrapper"><legend><span class="fieldset-legend">CAPTCHA</span></legend><div class="fieldset-wrapper"><div class="fieldset-description">This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.</div><input type="hidden" name="captcha_sid" value="108730422" />
<input type="hidden" name="captcha_token" value="b5e2848dd50bd182c7e227cc365b78cd" />
<input type="hidden" name="captcha_response" value="Google no captcha" />
<div class="g-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LfnJVIUAAAAAE-bUOMg0MJGki4lqSvDmhJp19fN" data-theme="light" data-type="image"></div></div></fieldset>
<div class="form-actions form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Send Message" class="form-submit" /></div></div></form>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
</div></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-pane pane-minipanel-dialog-link pane-jnl-ajnr-cite-tool" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class='minipanel-dialog-wrapper'><div class='minipanel-dialog-link-link'><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/download" oncontextmenu="javascript: return false;" class="minipanel-dialog-link-trigger link-icon" title="Citation Tools"><span class="icon-globe"></span> <span class="title">Citation Tools</span></a></div><div class='minipanel-dialog-link-mini' style='display:none'><div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_cite_tool">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-citation-export" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="highwire-citation-export">  
  <div class="highwire-citation-info">
      <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article cite-tool-node80904" data-node-nid="80904" id="citation-node-80904--21554549747" data-pisa="ajnr;41/11/2041" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A6792" data-apath="/ajnr/41/11/2041.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-standard clearfix">
  
  
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Park</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.Y.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kim</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">H.S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kim</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">W.H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Shim</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Nov 2020, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">41 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(11) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2041-2048; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A6792 </span></div>
  
  
  
</div>
</div>  </div>
  <div class="highwire-citation-formats">
  	      <h2>Citation Manager Formats</h2>
        <div class="highwire-citation-formats-links">
      <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.spage=2041&amp;rft.epage=2048&amp;rft.atitle=Comparison%20of%20Dynamic%20Contrast-Enhancement%20Parameters%20between%20Gadobutrol%20and%20Gadoterate%20Meglumine%20in%20Posttreatment%20Glioma%3A%20A%20Prospective%20Intraindividual%20Study&amp;rft.volume=41&amp;rft.issue=11&amp;rft.date=2020-11-01%2000%3A00%3A00&amp;rft.stitle&amp;rft.jtitle=American%20Journal%20of%20Neuroradiology&amp;rft.au=Park%2C+J.E.&amp;rft.au=Kim%2C+J.Y.&amp;rft.au=Kim%2C+H.S.&amp;rft.au=Shim%2C+W.H."></span><ul class="hw-citation-links inline button button-alt button-grid clearfix"><li class="bibtext first"><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/bibtext" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">BibTeX</a></li><li class="bookends"><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/bookends" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Bookends</a></li><li class="easybib"><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/easybib" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">EasyBib</a></li><li class="endnote-tagged"><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/endnote-tagged" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">EndNote (tagged)</a></li><li class="endnote-8-xml"><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/endnote-8-xml" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">EndNote 8 (xml)</a></li><li class="medlars"><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/medlars" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Medlars</a></li><li class="mendeley"><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/mendeley" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Mendeley</a></li><li class="papers"><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/papers" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Papers</a></li><li class="refworks-tagged"><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/refworks-tagged" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">RefWorks Tagged</a></li><li class="reference-manager"><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/reference-manager" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Ref Manager</a></li><li class="ris"><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/ris" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">RIS</a></li><li class="zotero last"><a href="/highwire/citation/80904/zotero" class="hw-download-citation-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Zotero</a></li></ul>    </div>
  </div>
</div>
  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
</div></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
          </div>
        </div>
        
        <div class="content-right-wrapper content-column">
          <div class="panel-panel panel-region-content-right">
            <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-share-link highwire_clipboard_link_ajax"  id="shareit">
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <a href="/" class="link-icon"><span class="icon-share-alt"></span> <span class="title">Share</span></a>  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-jnl-ajnr-share highwire_clipboard_form_ajax_shareit" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_share">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-article-citation large-margin-bottom" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node80904--3" data-node-nid="80904" id="share-node-80904--4416704314" data-pisa="ajnr;41/11/2041" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A6792" data-apath="/ajnr/41/11/2041.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-standard clearfix">
  
  
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Comparison of Dynamic Contrast-Enhancement Parameters between Gadobutrol and Gadoterate Meglumine in Posttreatment Glioma: A Prospective Intraindividual Study</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Park</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.Y.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kim</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">H.S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kim</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">W.H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Shim</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Nov 2020, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">41 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(11) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2041-2048; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A6792 </span></div>
  
  
  
</div>
</div>  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-article-clipboard-copy large-margin-bottom" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class = "clipboard-copy">
  <span class="label-url">
    <label for="dynamic">Share This Article:</label>
  </span>
  <span class="input-text-url">
    <input type="text" id="dynamic" value="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041" size="50"/>
  </span>
  <span class="copy-button button">
    <button id="copy-dynamic" class="clipboardjs-button" data-clipboard-target="#dynamic" data-clipboard-alert-style="tooltip" data-clipboard-alert-text="Copied!">Copy</button>
  </span>
</div>
  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-service-links" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="service-links"><a href="http://del.icio.us/post?url=http%3A//ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041&amp;title=Comparison%20of%20Dynamic%20Contrast-Enhancement%20Parameters%20between%20Gadobutrol%20and%20Gadoterate%20Meglumine%20in%20Posttreatment%20Glioma%3A%20A%20Prospective%20Intraindividual%20Study" id="delicious" title="Bookmark this post on del.icio.us" class="service-links-delicious" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img src="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/images/delicious-32.png" alt="del.icio.us logo" /></a> <a href="http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A//ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041&amp;text=Comparison%20of%20Dynamic%20Contrast-Enhancement%20Parameters%20between%20Gadobutrol%20and%20Gadoterate%20Meglumine%20in%20Posttreatment%20Glioma%3A%20A%20Prospective%20Intraindividual%20Study" id="twitter" title="Share this on Twitter" class="service-links-twitter" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img src="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/images/twitter.png" alt="Twitter logo" /></a> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A//ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041&amp;t=Comparison%20of%20Dynamic%20Contrast-Enhancement%20Parameters%20between%20Gadobutrol%20and%20Gadoterate%20Meglumine%20in%20Posttreatment%20Glioma%3A%20A%20Prospective%20Intraindividual%20Study" id="facebook" title="Share on Facebook" class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img src="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/images/fb-blue.png" alt="Facebook logo" /></a> <a href="http://www.mendeley.com/import/?url=http%3A//ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041&amp;title=Comparison%20of%20Dynamic%20Contrast-Enhancement%20Parameters%20between%20Gadobutrol%20and%20Gadoterate%20Meglumine%20in%20Posttreatment%20Glioma%3A%20A%20Prospective%20Intraindividual%20Study" id="mendeley" title="Share on Mendeley" class="service-links-mendeley" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img src="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/images/mendeley.png" alt="Mendeley logo" /></a></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-pane pane-service-links" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="service-links"><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first"><a href="http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A//ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041&amp;count=horizontal&amp;via=&amp;text=Comparison%20of%20Dynamic%20Contrast-Enhancement%20Parameters%20between%20Gadobutrol%20and%20Gadoterate%20Meglumine%20in%20Posttreatment%20Glioma%3A%20A%20Prospective%20Intraindividual%20Study&amp;counturl=http%3A//ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041" class="twitter-share-button service-links-twitter-widget" id="twitter_widget" title="Tweet This" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="element-invisible">Tweet Widget</span></a></li><li><a href="http://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=http%3A//ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041&amp;layout=button_count&amp;show_faces=false&amp;action=like&amp;colorscheme=light&amp;width=100&amp;height=21&amp;font=&amp;locale=" id="facebook_like" title="I Like it" class="service-links-facebook-like" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="element-invisible">Facebook Like</span></a></li><li class="last"><a href="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/41/11/2041" id="google_plus_one" title="Plus it" class="service-links-google-plus-one" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="element-invisible">Google Plus One</span></a></li></ul></div></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
          </div>
        </div>
	</div> <!-- /.panel-row-wrapper -->	
	
	</div>

  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-jnl-ajnr-rental" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <span class="js-deepdyve-link">
            <a class="button btn btn-primary btn-sm" role="button"  href="https://www.deepdyve.com/doc-view?docId=10.3174/ajnr.A6792&fieldName=journal_doi&affiliateId=asnr"><i class="icon-usd"> </i> Purchase</a>  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-article-nav mobile-hidden pane-style-alt-content" >
  
        <h2 class="pane-title">Jump to section</h2>
    
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="highwire-list-wrapper highwire-article-nav highwire-nav-float"><div class="highwire-list"><ul data-highwire-float="1" data-highwire-float-class="grid-10 alpha omega"><li class="parent first odd"><a href="/content/41/11/2041" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_art" data-is-tab-link="true" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Article</a><div class="highwire-list"><ul><li class="first odd"><a href="#abstract-1" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink first" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_art" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Abstract</a></li><li class="even"><a href="#glossary-1" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_art" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ABBREVIATIONS:</a></li><li class="odd"><a href="#sec-5" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_art" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">MATERIALS AND METHODS</a></li><li class="even"><a href="#sec-12" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_art" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">RESULTS</a></li><li class="odd"><a href="#sec-16" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_art" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">DISCUSSION</a></li><li class="even"><a href="#sec-17" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_art" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">CONCLUSIONS</a></li><li class="odd"><a href="#sec-18" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_art" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ACKNOWLEDGMENT</a></li><li class="even"><a href="#fn-group-1" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_art" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Footnotes</a></li><li class="last odd"><a href="#ref-list-1" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink last" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_art" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">References</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="even"><a href="/content/41/11/2041/tab-figures-data" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_data" data-is-tab-link="true" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Figures &amp; Data</a></li><li class="odd"><a href="/content/41/11/2041/tab-references" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_refs" data-is-tab-link="true" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">References</a></li><li class="even"><a href="/content/41/11/2041/tab-article-info" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink" data-panel-ajax-tab="jnl_ajnr_tab_info" data-is-tab-link="true" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Info &amp; Metrics</a></li><li class="last odd"><a href="/content/41/11/2041.full.pdf" class="highwire-article-nav-jumplink" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><i class="icon-file-alt"></i> PDF</a></li></ul></div></div>  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-jnl-ajnr-accordion" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_accordion">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div id="highwire_article_accordion_container"><h3 ><i class="icon-caret-right"></i> Related Articles</h3><div><div class="highwire-list highwire-related-articles highwire-article-citation-list"><ul class="highwire-related-articles-list"><li class="first last odd"><div class="no-results">No related articles found.</div></li></ul></div><div class='highwire-list-footer'><div class="highwire-related-articles-footer"><ul class="links inline"><li class="related-pubmed first"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?link_type=MED_NBRS&amp;access_num=33060100" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">PubMed</a></li><li class="related-google-scholar last"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=related&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.E.%2BPark&amp;author%5B1%5D=J.Y.%2BKim&amp;author%5B2%5D=H.S.%2BKim&amp;author%5B3%5D=W.H.%2BShim&amp;title=Comparison%2Bof%2BDynamic%2BContrast-Enhancement%2BParameters%2Bbetween%2BGadobutrol%2Band%2BGadoterate%2BMeglumine%2Bin%2BPosttreatment%2BGlioma%3A%2BA%2BProspective%2BIntraindividual%2BStudy&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;path=content/41/11/2041" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Google Scholar</a></li></ul></div></div></div><h3 ><i class="icon-caret-right"></i> Cited By...</h3><div><div class="highwire-list highwire-cited-by"><ul><li class="first last odd"><div class="no-results">No citing articles found.</div></li></ul></div><div class='highwire-list-footer'><ul class="links inline"><li class="citing-cross-ref first"><a href="/crossref-forward-links/ajnr/41/11/2041#crossref" class="hw-crossref hw-crossref-link-ajax" data-list-wrapper="hw-crossref-list-wrapper" target="_blank" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Crossref</a></li><li class="citing-google-scholar last"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=citedby&amp;path=content/41/11/2041" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Google Scholar</a></li></ul></div><div title="Crossref Cited-by Linking Search Results" style="display:none;" class="hw-crossref-list-wrapper"><p class = "hw-crossref-message">This article has not yet been cited by articles in journals that are participating in Crossref Cited-by Linking.</p></div></div><h3 ><i class="icon-caret-right"></i> More in this TOC Section</h3><div><div class="highwire-list"><div class="highwire-articles-in-toc adult-brain"><h3 class="highwire-toc-heading">Adult Brain</h3>
<div class="highwire-list highwire-article-citation-list"><ul><li class="first odd"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node105026" data-node-nid="105026" id="node-105026--2691459214" data-pisa="ajnr;44/12/1358" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A7974" data-apath="/ajnr/44/12/1358.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-standard-title-only clearfix">
  
  
  
  
      <a href="/content/44/12/1358" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Monoclonal Antibodies: What the Diagnostic Neuroradiologist Needs to Know</span></a>  
  
  
  
  
</div>
</div></li><li class="even"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node104240" data-node-nid="104240" id="node-104240--21216042541" data-pisa="ajnr;44/10/1150" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A7993" data-apath="/ajnr/44/10/1150.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-standard-title-only clearfix">
  
  
  
  
      <a href="/content/44/10/1150" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Prospective, Longitudinal Study of Clinical Outcome and Morphometric Posterior Fossa Changes after Craniocervical Decompression for Symptomatic Chiari I Malformation</span></a>  
  
  
  
  
</div>
</div></li><li class="last odd"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node104244" data-node-nid="104244" id="node-104244--21579135455" data-pisa="ajnr;44/10/1135" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A7998" data-apath="/ajnr/44/10/1135.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-standard-title-only clearfix">
  
  
  
  
      <a href="/content/44/10/1135" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Segmentation of Brain Metastases Using Background Layer Statistics (BLAST)</span></a>  
  
  
  
  
</div>
</div></li></ul></div><div class='highwire-list-footer'><a href="/content/by/section/Adult%20Brain" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Show more <span class="wrapper">Adult Brain</span>
</a></div></div><div class="highwire-articles-in-toc functional"><h3 class="highwire-toc-heading">Functional</h3>
<div class="highwire-list highwire-article-citation-list"><ul><li class="first odd"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node105026" data-node-nid="105026" id="node-105026--2691459214" data-pisa="ajnr;44/12/1358" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A7974" data-apath="/ajnr/44/12/1358.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-standard-title-only clearfix">
  
  
  
  
      <a href="/content/44/12/1358" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Monoclonal Antibodies: What the Diagnostic Neuroradiologist Needs to Know</span></a>  
  
  
  
  
</div>
</div></li><li class="even"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node104240" data-node-nid="104240" id="node-104240--21216042541" data-pisa="ajnr;44/10/1150" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A7993" data-apath="/ajnr/44/10/1150.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-standard-title-only clearfix">
  
  
  
  
      <a href="/content/44/10/1150" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Prospective, Longitudinal Study of Clinical Outcome and Morphometric Posterior Fossa Changes after Craniocervical Decompression for Symptomatic Chiari I Malformation</span></a>  
  
  
  
  
</div>
</div></li><li class="last odd"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node104244" data-node-nid="104244" id="node-104244--21579135455" data-pisa="ajnr;44/10/1135" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A7998" data-apath="/ajnr/44/10/1135.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-standard-title-only clearfix">
  
  
  
  
      <a href="/content/44/10/1135" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Segmentation of Brain Metastases Using Background Layer Statistics (BLAST)</span></a>  
  
  
  
  
</div>
</div></li></ul></div><div class='highwire-list-footer'><a href="/content/by/section/Functional" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Show more <span class="wrapper">Functional</span>
</a></div></div></div></div><h3 ><i class="icon-caret-right"></i> Similar Articles</h3><div><div class="highwire-search-similar-ajax-wrapper" id="highwire-search-similar-articles-list-1"><div class="highwire-ajax-loading"><span class="icon-spinner icon-spin icon-2x"></span></div></div></div></div></div>
  </div>
</div>
  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
			</div>
		</div>
	
	</div> <!-- /.panel-row-wrapper -->	
	
	</div>

    </div>
  </div>
</div><div class="block block-panels-mini more-padding-top mobile-hiddens block-jnl-ajnr-ad-bot-leaderboard block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-ad-bot-leaderboard even block-without-title" id="block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-ad-bot-leaderboard">
  <div class="block-inner clearfix">
                
    <div class="content clearfix">
      <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_ad_bot_leaderboard">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-dfp-pane text-center" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div id="dfp-ad-bottom_leaderboard-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
<div class="slug">Advertisement</div>
<div  id="dfp-ad-bottom_leaderboard" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
  <script type="text/javascript">
    googletag.cmd.push(function() {
      googletag.display("dfp-ad-bottom_leaderboard");
    });
  </script>
</div>
</div>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>      </div>
</div>  </div>
</section>    
  
      <footer id="section-footer" class="section section-footer">
    
  <div id="zone-postscript" class="zone zone-postscript clearfix container-30">
    <div class="grid-28 suffix-1 prefix-1 region region-postscript-fourth" id="region-postscript-fourth">
  <div class="region-inner region-postscript-fourth-inner">
    <div class="block block-panels-mini block-jnl-ajnr-footer block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-footer odd block-without-title" id="block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-footer">
  <div class="block-inner clearfix">
                
    <div class="content clearfix">
      <div class="panel-display panels-960-row jcore-row-4col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_footer">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-region-col-1 grid-7 alpha">
    <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-navigate pane-menu" >
  
        <h2 class="pane-title">News and Updates</h2>
    
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="https://www.ajnr.org/cc/2024-Awards" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">2024 Journal Award Winners</a></li>
<li class="last leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/page/content/Reviewer-Recognition" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Thanks to our 2023 Distinguished Reviewers</a></li>
</ul></nav>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
  <div class="panel-panel panel-region-col-2 grid-7">
    <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-more-information pane-menu" >
  
        <h2 class="pane-title">Resources</h2>
    
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/page/content/EBM" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Evidence-Based Medicine Level Guide</a></li>
<li class="leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/browse-podcast-archives" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">AJNR Podcast Archive</a></li>
<li class="leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/content/institutional-subscriptions" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Librarian Resources</a></li>
<li class="last leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.ajnr.org/page/content/Terms-and-Conditions" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Terms and Conditions</a></li>
</ul></nav>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
  <div class="panel-panel panel-region-col-3 grid-7">
    <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-add-journals pane-menu" >
  
        <h2 class="pane-title">Opportunities</h2>
    
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first last leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="/page/content/Publons" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Get Peer Review Credit from Publons</a></li>
</ul></nav>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
  <div class="panel-panel panel-region-col-4 grid-7 omega">
    <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-other-services pane-menu" >
  
        <h2 class="pane-title">American Society of Neuroradiology</h2>
    
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <nav class="menubar-nav"><ul class="menu" role="menu"><li class="first leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.neurographics.org/" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Neurographics</a></li>
<li class="leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="http://www.asnr.org/index.php/education/fellowship-portal/" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Fellowship Portal</a></li>
<li class="last leaf" role="menuitem"><a href="https://www.asnr.org/membership-types/" data-hide-link-title="0" class="" data-icon-position="">Not an ASNR Member? Join Now</a></li>
</ul></nav>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>    </div>
  </div>
</div>  </div>
</div>  </div>
  
  <div id="zone-footer" class="zone zone-footer clearfix container-30">
    <div class="grid-28 suffix-1 prefix-1 region region-footer-first" id="region-footer-first">
  <div class="region-inner region-footer-first-inner">
    <div class="block block-panels-mini block-jnl-ajnr-foot-info block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-foot-info odd block-without-title" id="block-panels-mini-jnl-ajnr-foot-info">
  <div class="block-inner clearfix">
                
    <div class="content clearfix">
      <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_ajnr_foot_info">
  <div class="panel-panel panel-col">
    <div><div class="panel-pane pane-page-logo-footer" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <img class="footer-logo" src="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/default/files/ajnr-logo.png" alt="" />  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-snippet pane-footer-copyright-text" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <div class="snippet footer-copyright-text" id="footer-copyright-text">
  
      
  <div class="snippet-content">
    <p>&copy; 2025 by the <a href="http://www.asnr.org">American Society of Neuroradiology</a> All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.<br />
Print ISSN: 0195-6108 Online ISSN: 1936-959X</p>
  </div>

</div>
  </div>

  
  </div>
<div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-branding" >
  
      
  
  <div class="pane-content">
    <a href="http://home.highwire.org" target="_blank" class="highwire-branding-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img class="logo-highwire" src="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/sites/all/modules/highwire/highwire/plugins/content_types/images/logo_small_hw_white.png" width="190" height="31" alt="Powered by HighWire" /></a>  </div>

  
  </div>
</div>
  </div>
</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>  </div>
</div>  </div>
</footer>  </div>    <div class="region region-page-bottom" id="region-page-bottom">
  <div class="region-inner region-page-bottom-inner">
      </div>
</div><script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__bnwyEQSuZLC-kZnFqCi5iE02nOCzM7DjY7zYxcN9nsQ__VBiBT_qq_eHMMO2Q1rXK1u-hHff31XLUkmi9dgjuPeY__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__GM3GJPR36rRIz0TRkjC5OQwrioSyN9aoYRivDhCO_AM__qAl84FcCv2jyN22yFGS5Oc85cjd9zKX6p_cFNLGhe-M__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js" async="async"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__o2aEARZ6jM5u2XKtczQNm8fkSHQ5xpeZCVbqijSRAQE__Qo68euIrLw8Gh5HZtc5MRP5-COHtCWls1DLLZREopm0__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
function euCookieComplianceLoadScripts() {}
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
var eu_cookie_compliance_cookie_name = "";
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__WcTpt-w0y1FyXrxZNriX8Ts1KjsFTDpdvZaw9yhRn24__aFJpdvsZPb1v9rWrq-WXbz_WQ9IThQN-mFTCdm1cfXc__Op4k-kV4DoWc7bsUP7umKmZ0WXfmoYdRDoZFPNSd-oM.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>