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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Neonatal Developmental Venous Anomalies: Clinicoradiologic Characterization and Follow-Up" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A6829" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2020-12-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2020 by American Journal of Neuroradiology. Indicates open access to non-subscribers at www.ajnr.org" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although developmental venous anomalies have been frequently studied in adults and occasionally in children, data regarding these entities are scarce in neonates. We aimed to characterize clinical and neuroimaging features of neonatal developmental venous anomalies and to evaluate any association between MR imaging abnormalities in their drainage territory and corresponding angioarchitectural features.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed parenchymal abnormalities and angioarchitectural features of 41 neonates with developmental venous anomalies (20 males; mean corrected age, 39.9 weeks) selected through a radiology report text search from 2135 neonates who underwent brain MR imaging between 2008 and 2019. Fetal and longitudinal MR images were also reviewed. Neurologic outcomes were collected. Statistics were performed using χ2, Fisher exact, Mann-Whitney U , or t tests corrected for multiple comparisons.

RESULTS: Developmental venous anomalies were detected in 1.9% of neonatal scans. These were complicated by parenchymal/ventricular abnormalities in 15/41 cases (36.6%), improving at last follow-up in 8/10 (80%), with normal neurologic outcome in 9/14 (64.2%). Multiple collectors ( P  = .008) and larger collector caliber ( P  &lt; .001) were significantly more frequent in complicated developmental venous anomalies. At a patient level, multiplicity ( P  = .002) was significantly associated with the presence of ≥1 complicated developmental venous anomaly. Retrospective fetal detection was possible in 3/11 subjects (27.2%).

CONCLUSIONS: One-third of neonatal developmental venous anomalies may be complicated by parenchymal abnormalities, especially with multiple and larger collectors. Neuroimaging and neurologic outcomes were favorable in most cases, suggesting a benign, self-limited nature of these vascular anomalies. A congenital origin could be confirmed in one-quarter of cases with available fetal MR imaging.

CCM
:   cerebral cavernous malformation
c-DVA
:   complicated developmental venous anomaly
cUS
:   cerebral ultrasound
CVMS
:   cerebrofacial venous metameric syndrome
DVA
:   developmental venous anomaly
u-DVA
:   uncomplicated developmental venous anomaly" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.F. Geraldo" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S.S. Messina" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="D. Tortora" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Parodi" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Malova" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="G. Morana" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C. Gandolfo" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. D’Amico" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="E. Herkert" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P. Govaert" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="L.A. Ramenghi" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Rossi" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Severino" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2020-12-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Pediatrics" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Neonatal Developmental Venous Anomalies: Clinicoradiologic Characterization and Follow-Up" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Although developmental venous anomalies have been frequently studied in adults and occasionally in children, data regarding these entities are scarce in neonates. We aimed to characterize clinical and neuroimaging features of neonatal developmental venous anomalies and to evaluate any association between MR imaging abnormalities in their drainage territory and corresponding angioarchitectural features.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We reviewed parenchymal abnormalities and angioarchitectural features of 41 neonates with developmental venous anomalies (20 males; mean corrected age, 39.9 weeks) selected through a radiology report text search from 2135 neonates who underwent brain MR imaging between 2008 and 2019. Fetal and longitudinal MR images were also reviewed. Neurologic outcomes were collected. Statistics were performed using χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Fisher exact, Mann-Whitney &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt;, or &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt; tests corrected for multiple comparisons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Developmental venous anomalies were detected in 1.9% of neonatal scans. These were complicated by parenchymal/ventricular abnormalities in 15/41 cases (36.6%), improving at last follow-up in 8/10 (80%), with normal neurologic outcome in 9/14 (64.2%). Multiple collectors (&lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;= .008) and larger collector caliber (&lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt; .001) were significantly more frequent in complicated developmental venous anomalies. At a patient level, multiplicity (&lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;= .002) was significantly associated with the presence of ≥1 complicated developmental venous anomaly. Retrospective fetal detection was possible in 3/11 subjects (27.2%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;One-third of neonatal developmental venous anomalies may be complicated by parenchymal abnormalities, especially with multiple and larger collectors. Neuroimaging and neurologic outcomes were favorable in most cases, suggesting a benign, self-limited nature of these vascular anomalies. A congenital origin could be confirmed in one-quarter of cases with available fetal MR imaging.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Neonatal Developmental Venous Anomalies: Clinicoradiologic Characterization and Follow-Up" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although developmental venous anomalies have been frequently studied in adults and occasionally in children, data regarding these entities are scarce in neonates. We aimed to characterize clinical and neuroimaging features of neonatal developmental venous anomalies and to evaluate any association between MR imaging abnormalities in their drainage territory and corresponding angioarchitectural features.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed parenchymal abnormalities and angioarchitectural features of 41 neonates with developmental venous anomalies (20 males; mean corrected age, 39.9 weeks) selected through a radiology report text search from 2135 neonates who underwent brain MR imaging between 2008 and 2019. Fetal and longitudinal MR images were also reviewed. Neurologic outcomes were collected. Statistics were performed using χ2, Fisher exact, Mann-Whitney U , or t tests corrected for multiple comparisons.

RESULTS: Developmental venous anomalies were detected in 1.9% of neonatal scans. These were complicated by parenchymal/ventricular abnormalities in 15/41 cases (36.6%), improving at last follow-up in 8/10 (80%), with normal neurologic outcome in 9/14 (64.2%). Multiple collectors ( P  = .008) and larger collector caliber ( P  &lt; .001) were significantly more frequent in complicated developmental venous anomalies. At a patient level, multiplicity ( P  = .002) was significantly associated with the presence of ≥1 complicated developmental venous anomaly. Retrospective fetal detection was possible in 3/11 subjects (27.2%).

CONCLUSIONS: One-third of neonatal developmental venous anomalies may be complicated by parenchymal abnormalities, especially with multiple and larger collectors. Neuroimaging and neurologic outcomes were favorable in most cases, suggesting a benign, self-limited nature of these vascular anomalies. A congenital origin could be confirmed in one-quarter of cases with available fetal MR imaging.

CCM
:   cerebral cavernous malformation
c-DVA
:   complicated developmental venous anomaly
cUS
:   cerebral ultrasound
CVMS
:   cerebrofacial venous metameric syndrome
DVA
:   developmental venous anomaly
u-DVA
:   uncomplicated developmental venous anomaly" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Neonatal Developmental Venous Anomalies: Clinicoradiologic Characterization and Follow-Up" />
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<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although developmental venous anomalies have been frequently studied in adults and occasionally in children, data regarding these entities are scarce in neonates. We aimed to characterize clinical and neuroimaging features of neonatal developmental venous anomalies and to evaluate any association between MR imaging abnormalities in their drainage territory and corresponding angioarchitectural features.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed parenchymal abnormalities and angioarchitectural features of 41 neonates with developmental venous anomalies (20 males; mean corrected age, 39.9 weeks) selected through a radiology report text search from 2135 neonates who underwent brain MR imaging between 2008 and 2019. Fetal and longitudinal MR images were also reviewed. Neurologic outcomes were collected. Statistics were performed using χ2, Fisher exact, Mann-Whitney U , or t tests corrected for multiple comparisons.

RESULTS: Developmental venous anomalies were detected in 1.9% of neonatal scans. These were complicated by parenchymal/ventricular abnormalities in 15/41 cases (36.6%), improving at last follow-up in 8/10 (80%), with normal neurologic outcome in 9/14 (64.2%). Multiple collectors ( P  = .008) and larger collector caliber ( P  &lt; .001) were significantly more frequent in complicated developmental venous anomalies. At a patient level, multiplicity ( P  = .002) was significantly associated with the presence of ≥1 complicated developmental venous anomaly. Retrospective fetal detection was possible in 3/11 subjects (27.2%).

CONCLUSIONS: One-third of neonatal developmental venous anomalies may be complicated by parenchymal abnormalities, especially with multiple and larger collectors. Neuroimaging and neurologic outcomes were favorable in most cases, suggesting a benign, self-limited nature of these vascular anomalies. A congenital origin could be confirmed in one-quarter of cases with available fetal MR imaging.

CCM
:   cerebral cavernous malformation
c-DVA
:   complicated developmental venous anomaly
cUS
:   cerebral ultrasound
CVMS
:   cerebrofacial venous metameric syndrome
DVA
:   developmental venous anomaly
u-DVA
:   uncomplicated developmental venous anomaly" />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node87430--5" data-node-nid="87430" id="top-node-87430--6265802259" data-pisa="ajnr;41/12/2370" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A6829" data-apath="/ajnr/41/12/2370.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">Pediatrics</span></span></div>
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access"><i class="highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access open-access hw-icon-open-access" title="Open Access" aria-hidden="true"></i><span  class="element-invisible highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access" style="">Open Access</span></span></div>
  
      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Neonatal Developmental Venous Anomalies: Clinicoradiologic Characterization and Follow-Up</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">A.F. Geraldo</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">S.S. Messina</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">D. Tortora</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">A. Parodi</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">M. Malova</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">G. Morana</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">C. Gandolfo</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">A. D’Amico</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">E. Herkert</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9">P. Govaert</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10">L.A. Ramenghi</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11">A. Rossi</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12">M. Severino</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">December 2020,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">41 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(12) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2370-2376; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A6829 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-87430--6265802259" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.F. Geraldo </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Neuroradiology Unit (A.F.G.), Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Neuroradiology Unit (A.F.G., D.T., G.M., A.R., M.S.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.F.%2BGeraldo%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Geraldo%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.F.%2BGeraldo%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9663-4387" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A.F. Geraldo</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S.S. Messina </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Radiology Unit (S.S.M.), Casa di Cura Regina Pacis, Palermo, Italy</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.S.%2BMessina%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Messina%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.S.%2BMessina%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1928-2787" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for S.S. Messina</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">D. Tortora </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Neuroradiology Unit (A.F.G., D.T., G.M., A.R., M.S.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=D.%2BTortora%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Tortora%20D&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AD.%2BTortora%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5621-4046" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for D. Tortora</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Parodi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (A.P., M.M., L.A.R.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BParodi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Parodi%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BParodi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-3004" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A. Parodi</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Malova </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (A.P., M.M., L.A.R.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BMalova%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Malova%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BMalova%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2140-0858" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M. Malova</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">G. Morana </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Neuroradiology Unit (A.F.G., D.T., G.M., A.R., M.S.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=G.%2BMorana%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Morana%20G&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AG.%2BMorana%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8707-5969" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for G. Morana</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C. Gandolfo </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Interventional Unit (C.G.), IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.%2BGandolfo%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Gandolfo%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.%2BGandolfo%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1703-9107" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for C. Gandolfo</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. D’Amico </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate (A.D.), Universita’ Federico II, Napoli, Italy</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BD%E2%80%99Amico%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=D%E2%80%99Amico%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BD%25E2%2580%2599Amico%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2522-1056" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A. D’Amico</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-8"><div class="author-tooltip-name">E. Herkert </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>g</span>Division of Neonatology (E.H., P.G.), Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=E.%2BHerkert%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Herkert%20E&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AE.%2BHerkert%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2359-2841" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for E. Herkert</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-9"><div class="author-tooltip-name">P. Govaert </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>g</span>Division of Neonatology (E.H., P.G.), Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.%2BGovaert%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Govaert%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.%2BGovaert%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2011-4529" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for P. Govaert</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-10"><div class="author-tooltip-name">L.A. Ramenghi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (A.P., M.M., L.A.R.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=L.A.%2BRamenghi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Ramenghi%20L&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AL.A.%2BRamenghi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0065-762X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for L.A. Ramenghi</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-11"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Rossi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Neuroradiology Unit (A.F.G., D.T., G.M., A.R., M.S.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BRossi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Rossi%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BRossi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8575-700X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A. Rossi</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-12"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Severino </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Neuroradiology Unit (A.F.G., D.T., G.M., A.R., M.S.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BSeverino%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Severino%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BSeverino%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4730-5322" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M. 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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.F.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Geraldo</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Messina</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Tortora</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Parodi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Malova</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Morana</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Gandolfo</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">D’Amico</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">E.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Herkert</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Govaert</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Ramenghi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Rossi</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Severino</span></span></span></div>
  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Dec 2020, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">41 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(12) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2370-2376; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A6829 </span></div>
  
  
  
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