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<meta name="DC.Title" content="The First Examination of Diagnostic Performance of Automated Measurement of the Callosal Angle in 1856 Elderly Patients and Volunteers Indicates That 12.4% of Exams Met the Criteria for Possible Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A7294" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2021-11-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Many patients with dementia may have comorbid or misdiagnosed normal pressure hydrocephalus, a treatable neurologic disorder. The callosal angle is a validated biomarker for normal pressure hydrocephalus with 93% diagnostic accuracy. Our purpose was to develop and evaluate an algorithm for automatically computing callosal angles from MR images of the brain.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This article reports the results of analyzing callosal angles from 1856 subjects with 5264 MR images from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies and the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative databases. Measurement variability was examined between 2 neuroradiologists ( n  = 50) and between manual and automatic measurements ( n  = 281); from differences in simulated head orientation; and from real-world changes in patients with multiple examinations ( n  = 906). We evaluated the effectiveness of the automatic callosal angle to differentiate normal pressure hydrocephalus from Alzheimer disease in a simulated cohort.

RESULTS: The algorithm identified that 12.4% of subjects from these carefully screened cohorts had callosal angles of &lt;90°, a published threshold for possible normal pressure hydrocephalus. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.97 for agreement between neuroradiologists and 0.90 for agreement between manual and automatic measurement. The method was robust to different head orientations. The median coefficient of variation for repeat examinations was 4.2% (Q1 = 3.1%, Q3 = 5.8%). The simulated classification of normal pressure hydrocephalus versus Alzheimer using the automatic callosal angle had an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.87 each.

CONCLUSIONS: In even the most pristine research databases, analyses of the callosal angle indicate that some patients may have normal pressure hydrocephalus. The automatic callosal angle measurement can rapidly and objectively screen for normal pressure hydrocephalus in patients who would otherwise be misdiagnosed.

AD
:   Alzheimer disease
ADNI
:   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
CA
:   callosal angle
DESH
:   disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus
ICC
:   intraclass correlation coefficient
NPH
:   normal pressure hydrocephalus
OASIS
:   Open Access Series of Imaging Studies" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Borzage" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Saunders" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. Hughes" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.G. McComb" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Blüml" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="K.S. King" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2021-11-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Adult Brain" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="The First Examination of Diagnostic Performance of Automated Measurement of the Callosal Angle in 1856 Elderly Patients and Volunteers Indicates That 12.4% of Exams Met the Criteria for Possible Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Many patients with dementia may have comorbid or misdiagnosed normal pressure hydrocephalus, a treatable neurologic disorder. The callosal angle is a validated biomarker for normal pressure hydrocephalus with 93% diagnostic accuracy. Our purpose was to develop and evaluate an algorithm for automatically computing callosal angles from MR images of the brain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This article reports the results of analyzing callosal angles from 1856 subjects with 5264 MR images from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies and the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative databases. Measurement variability was examined between 2 neuroradiologists (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 50) and between manual and automatic measurements (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 281); from differences in simulated head orientation; and from real-world changes in patients with multiple examinations (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 906). We evaluated the effectiveness of the automatic callosal angle to differentiate normal pressure hydrocephalus from Alzheimer disease in a simulated cohort.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The algorithm identified that 12.4% of subjects from these carefully screened cohorts had callosal angles of &amp;lt;90°, a published threshold for possible normal pressure hydrocephalus. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.97 for agreement between neuroradiologists and 0.90 for agreement between manual and automatic measurement. The method was robust to different head orientations. The median coefficient of variation for repeat examinations was 4.2% (Q1 = 3.1%, Q3 = 5.8%). The simulated classification of normal pressure hydrocephalus versus Alzheimer using the automatic callosal angle had an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.87 each.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In even the most pristine research databases, analyses of the callosal angle indicate that some patients may have normal pressure hydrocephalus. The automatic callosal angle measurement can rapidly and objectively screen for normal pressure hydrocephalus in patients who would otherwise be misdiagnosed.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="The First Examination of Diagnostic Performance of Automated Measurement of the Callosal Angle in 1856 Elderly Patients and Volunteers Indicates That 12.4% of Exams Met the Criteria for Possible Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Many patients with dementia may have comorbid or misdiagnosed normal pressure hydrocephalus, a treatable neurologic disorder. The callosal angle is a validated biomarker for normal pressure hydrocephalus with 93% diagnostic accuracy. Our purpose was to develop and evaluate an algorithm for automatically computing callosal angles from MR images of the brain.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This article reports the results of analyzing callosal angles from 1856 subjects with 5264 MR images from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies and the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative databases. Measurement variability was examined between 2 neuroradiologists ( n  = 50) and between manual and automatic measurements ( n  = 281); from differences in simulated head orientation; and from real-world changes in patients with multiple examinations ( n  = 906). We evaluated the effectiveness of the automatic callosal angle to differentiate normal pressure hydrocephalus from Alzheimer disease in a simulated cohort.

RESULTS: The algorithm identified that 12.4% of subjects from these carefully screened cohorts had callosal angles of &lt;90°, a published threshold for possible normal pressure hydrocephalus. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.97 for agreement between neuroradiologists and 0.90 for agreement between manual and automatic measurement. The method was robust to different head orientations. The median coefficient of variation for repeat examinations was 4.2% (Q1 = 3.1%, Q3 = 5.8%). The simulated classification of normal pressure hydrocephalus versus Alzheimer using the automatic callosal angle had an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.87 each.

CONCLUSIONS: In even the most pristine research databases, analyses of the callosal angle indicate that some patients may have normal pressure hydrocephalus. The automatic callosal angle measurement can rapidly and objectively screen for normal pressure hydrocephalus in patients who would otherwise be misdiagnosed.

AD
:   Alzheimer disease
ADNI
:   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
CA
:   callosal angle
DESH
:   disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus
ICC
:   intraclass correlation coefficient
NPH
:   normal pressure hydrocephalus
OASIS
:   Open Access Series of Imaging Studies" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="The First Examination of Diagnostic Performance of Automated Measurement of the Callosal Angle in 1856 Elderly Patients and Volunteers Indicates That 12.4% of Exams Met the Criteria for Possible Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/42/11/1942" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Many patients with dementia may have comorbid or misdiagnosed normal pressure hydrocephalus, a treatable neurologic disorder. The callosal angle is a validated biomarker for normal pressure hydrocephalus with 93% diagnostic accuracy. Our purpose was to develop and evaluate an algorithm for automatically computing callosal angles from MR images of the brain.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This article reports the results of analyzing callosal angles from 1856 subjects with 5264 MR images from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies and the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative databases. Measurement variability was examined between 2 neuroradiologists ( n  = 50) and between manual and automatic measurements ( n  = 281); from differences in simulated head orientation; and from real-world changes in patients with multiple examinations ( n  = 906). We evaluated the effectiveness of the automatic callosal angle to differentiate normal pressure hydrocephalus from Alzheimer disease in a simulated cohort.

RESULTS: The algorithm identified that 12.4% of subjects from these carefully screened cohorts had callosal angles of &lt;90°, a published threshold for possible normal pressure hydrocephalus. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.97 for agreement between neuroradiologists and 0.90 for agreement between manual and automatic measurement. The method was robust to different head orientations. The median coefficient of variation for repeat examinations was 4.2% (Q1 = 3.1%, Q3 = 5.8%). The simulated classification of normal pressure hydrocephalus versus Alzheimer using the automatic callosal angle had an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.87 each.

CONCLUSIONS: In even the most pristine research databases, analyses of the callosal angle indicate that some patients may have normal pressure hydrocephalus. The automatic callosal angle measurement can rapidly and objectively screen for normal pressure hydrocephalus in patients who would otherwise be misdiagnosed.

AD
:   Alzheimer disease
ADNI
:   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
CA
:   callosal angle
DESH
:   disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus
ICC
:   intraclass correlation coefficient
NPH
:   normal pressure hydrocephalus
OASIS
:   Open Access Series of Imaging Studies" />
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    <title>The First Examination of Diagnostic Performance of Automated Measurement of the Callosal Angle in 1856 Elderly Patients and Volunteers Indicates That 12.4% of Exams Met the Criteria for Possible Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus | American Journal of Neuroradiology</title>  
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node94005--5" data-node-nid="94005" id="top-node-94005--61048141299" data-pisa="ajnr;42/11/1942" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A7294" data-apath="/ajnr/42/11/1942.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">Adult Brain</span></span></div>
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access"><i class="highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access open-access hw-icon-open-access" title="Open Access" aria-hidden="true"></i><span  class="element-invisible highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access" style="">Open Access</span></span></div>
  
      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">The First Examination of Diagnostic Performance of Automated Measurement of the Callosal Angle in 1856 Elderly Patients and Volunteers Indicates That 12.4% of Exams Met the Criteria for Possible Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">M. Borzage</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">A. Saunders</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">J. Hughes</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">J.G. McComb</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">S. Blüml</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">K.S. King</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">November 2021,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">42 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(11) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1942-1948; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A7294 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-94005--61048141299" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Borzage </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Fetal and Neonatal Institute, Division of Neonatology (M.B.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Department of Pediatrics (M.B.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Rudi Schulte Research Institute (M.B., A.S., S.B., K.S.K.), Santa Barbara, California</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BBorzage%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Borzage%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BBorzage%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7010-2318" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M. Borzage</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Saunders </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Department of Radiology (A.S., S.B.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Rudi Schulte Research Institute (M.B., A.S., S.B., K.S.K.), Santa Barbara, California</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BSaunders%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Saunders%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BSaunders%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1091-3631" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A. Saunders</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J. Hughes </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>g</span>Department of Neuroradiology (J.H., K.S.K.), Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.%2BHughes%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hughes%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.%2BHughes%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-7661" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J. Hughes</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.G. McComb </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Division of Neurosurgery (J.G.M.), Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Neurological Surgery (J.G.M.), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.G.%2BMcComb%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=McComb%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.G.%2BMcComb%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3832-3270" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J.G. McComb</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S. Blüml </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Department of Radiology (A.S., S.B.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Rudi Schulte Research Institute (M.B., A.S., S.B., K.S.K.), Santa Barbara, California</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.%2BBl%C3%BCml%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Bl%C3%BCml%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.%2BBl%25C3%25BCml%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-797X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for S. Blüml</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">K.S. King </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Rudi Schulte Research Institute (M.B., A.S., S.B., K.S.K.), Santa Barbara, California</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>g</span>Department of Neuroradiology (J.H., K.S.K.), Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=K.S.%2BKing%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=King%20K&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AK.S.%2BKing%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4449-2468" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for K.S. King</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="section ref-list" id="ref-list-1"><h2 class="">References</h2><ol class="cit-list ref-use-labels"><li><span class="ref-label">1.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-1-1" title="View reference 1. in text" id="ref-1">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-42.11.1942.1"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Bradley</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">WG</span></span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Normal pressure hydrocephalus: new concepts on etiology and diagnosis</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">AJNR Am J Neuroradiol</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2000</span>;<span class="cit-vol">21</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1586</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">90</span><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-pmid-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id 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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 42</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 11 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Nov 2021 </div></div>
      
      
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">The First Examination of Diagnostic Performance of Automated Measurement of the Callosal Angle in 1856 Elderly Patients and Volunteers Indicates That 12.4% of Exams Met the Criteria for Possible Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Borzage</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Saunders</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hughes</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">McComb</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Blüml</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">K.S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">King</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Nov 2021, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">42 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(11) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1942-1948; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A7294 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">The First Examination of Diagnostic Performance of Automated Measurement of the Callosal Angle in 1856 Elderly Patients and Volunteers Indicates That 12.4% of Exams Met the Criteria for Possible Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Borzage</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Saunders</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hughes</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">McComb</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Blüml</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">K.S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">King</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Nov 2021, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">42 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(11) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1942-1948; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A7294 </span></div>
  
  
  
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