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<meta name="HW.identifier" content="/ajnr/42/5/945.atom" />
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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Improved Lesion Conspicuity with Contrast-Enhanced 3D T1 TSE Black-Blood Imaging in Cranial Neuritis: A Comparative Study of Contrast-Enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 Fast-Spoiled Gradient Echo, and 3D T2 FLAIR" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A7025" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2021-05-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2021 by American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Contrast-enhanced 3D-turbo spin-echo (TSE) black-blood sequence has gained attention, as it suppresses signals from vessels and provides an increased contrast-noise ratio. The purpose was to investigate which among the contrast-enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 fast-spoiled gradient echo (FSPGR), and 3D T2 FLAIR sequences can better detect cranial nerve contrast enhancement.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with cranial neuritis based on clinical findings ( n = 20) and control participants ( n = 20) were retrospectively included in this study. All patients underwent 3T MR imaging with contrast-enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 FSPGR, and 3D T2 FLAIR. Experienced and inexperienced reviewers independently evaluated the 3 sequences to compare their diagnostic performance and time required to reach the diagnosis. Additionally, tube phantoms containing varying concentrations of gadobutrol solution were scanned using the 3 sequences.

RESULTS: For the inexperienced reader, the 3D T1 TSE sequence showed significantly higher sensitivity (80% versus 50%, P = .049; 80% versus 55%; P = .040), specificity (100% versus 65%, P = .004; 100% versus 60%; P = .001), and accuracy (90% versus 57.5%, P = .001; 90% versus 57.5%, P = .001) than the 3D T1 FSPGR and 3D T2 FLAIR sequences in patients with cranial neuritis. For the experienced reader, the 3D T1-based sequences showed significantly higher sensitivity than the 3D T2 FLAIR sequence (85% versus 30%, P &lt; .001; 3D T1 TSE versus 3D T2 FLAIR, 85% versus 30%, P &lt; .001; 3D T1 FSPGR versus 3D T2 FLAIR). For both readers, the 3D T1 TSE sequence showed the highest area under the curve (inexperienced reader; 0.91, experienced reader; 0.87), and time to diagnosis was significantly shorter with 3D T1 TSE than with 3D T1 FSPGR.

CONCLUSIONS: The 3D T1 TSE sequence may be clinically useful in evaluating abnormal cranial nerve enhancement, especially for inexperienced readers.

FSPGR
:   fast-spoiled gradient echo
CE
:   contrast-enhanced
GRE
:   gradient-echo
CNR
:   contrast to noise ratio
ROC
:   receiver operating characteristic
AUC
:   area under the ROC curve
TSE
:   turbo spin-echo" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T.-W. Baek" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Y. Kang" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="H.-J. Lee" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2021-05-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Head &amp;amp; Neck" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Improved Lesion Conspicuity with Contrast-Enhanced 3D T1 TSE Black-Blood Imaging in Cranial Neuritis: A Comparative Study of Contrast-Enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 Fast-Spoiled Gradient Echo, and 3D T2 FLAIR" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Contrast-enhanced 3D-turbo spin-echo (TSE) black-blood sequence has gained attention, as it suppresses signals from vessels and provides an increased contrast-noise ratio. The purpose was to investigate which among the contrast-enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 fast-spoiled gradient echo (FSPGR), and 3D T2 FLAIR sequences can better detect cranial nerve contrast enhancement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Patients with cranial neuritis based on clinical findings (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 20) and control participants (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 20) were retrospectively included in this study. All patients underwent 3T MR imaging with contrast-enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 FSPGR, and 3D T2 FLAIR. Experienced and inexperienced reviewers independently evaluated the 3 sequences to compare their diagnostic performance and time required to reach the diagnosis. Additionally, tube phantoms containing varying concentrations of gadobutrol solution were scanned using the 3 sequences.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;For the inexperienced reader, the 3D T1 TSE sequence showed significantly higher sensitivity (80% versus 50%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .049; 80% versus 55%; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .040), specificity (100% versus 65%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .004; 100% versus 60%; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .001), and accuracy (90% versus 57.5%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .001; 90% versus 57.5%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .001) than the 3D T1 FSPGR and 3D T2 FLAIR sequences in patients with cranial neuritis. For the experienced reader, the 3D T1-based sequences showed significantly higher sensitivity than the 3D T2 FLAIR sequence (85% versus 30%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .001; 3D T1 TSE versus 3D T2 FLAIR, 85% versus 30%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .001; 3D T1 FSPGR versus 3D T2 FLAIR). For both readers, the 3D T1 TSE sequence showed the highest area under the curve (inexperienced reader; 0.91, experienced reader; 0.87), and time to diagnosis was significantly shorter with 3D T1 TSE than with 3D T1 FSPGR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The 3D T1 TSE sequence may be clinically useful in evaluating abnormal cranial nerve enhancement, especially for inexperienced readers.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Improved Lesion Conspicuity with Contrast-Enhanced 3D T1 TSE Black-Blood Imaging in Cranial Neuritis: A Comparative Study of Contrast-Enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 Fast-Spoiled Gradient Echo, and 3D T2 FLAIR" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Contrast-enhanced 3D-turbo spin-echo (TSE) black-blood sequence has gained attention, as it suppresses signals from vessels and provides an increased contrast-noise ratio. The purpose was to investigate which among the contrast-enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 fast-spoiled gradient echo (FSPGR), and 3D T2 FLAIR sequences can better detect cranial nerve contrast enhancement.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with cranial neuritis based on clinical findings ( n = 20) and control participants ( n = 20) were retrospectively included in this study. All patients underwent 3T MR imaging with contrast-enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 FSPGR, and 3D T2 FLAIR. Experienced and inexperienced reviewers independently evaluated the 3 sequences to compare their diagnostic performance and time required to reach the diagnosis. Additionally, tube phantoms containing varying concentrations of gadobutrol solution were scanned using the 3 sequences.

RESULTS: For the inexperienced reader, the 3D T1 TSE sequence showed significantly higher sensitivity (80% versus 50%, P = .049; 80% versus 55%; P = .040), specificity (100% versus 65%, P = .004; 100% versus 60%; P = .001), and accuracy (90% versus 57.5%, P = .001; 90% versus 57.5%, P = .001) than the 3D T1 FSPGR and 3D T2 FLAIR sequences in patients with cranial neuritis. For the experienced reader, the 3D T1-based sequences showed significantly higher sensitivity than the 3D T2 FLAIR sequence (85% versus 30%, P &lt; .001; 3D T1 TSE versus 3D T2 FLAIR, 85% versus 30%, P &lt; .001; 3D T1 FSPGR versus 3D T2 FLAIR). For both readers, the 3D T1 TSE sequence showed the highest area under the curve (inexperienced reader; 0.91, experienced reader; 0.87), and time to diagnosis was significantly shorter with 3D T1 TSE than with 3D T1 FSPGR.

CONCLUSIONS: The 3D T1 TSE sequence may be clinically useful in evaluating abnormal cranial nerve enhancement, especially for inexperienced readers.

FSPGR
:   fast-spoiled gradient echo
CE
:   contrast-enhanced
GRE
:   gradient-echo
CNR
:   contrast to noise ratio
ROC
:   receiver operating characteristic
AUC
:   area under the ROC curve
TSE
:   turbo spin-echo" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Improved Lesion Conspicuity with Contrast-Enhanced 3D T1 TSE Black-Blood Imaging in Cranial Neuritis: A Comparative Study of Contrast-Enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 Fast-Spoiled Gradient Echo, and 3D T2 FLAIR" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/42/5/945" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Contrast-enhanced 3D-turbo spin-echo (TSE) black-blood sequence has gained attention, as it suppresses signals from vessels and provides an increased contrast-noise ratio. The purpose was to investigate which among the contrast-enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 fast-spoiled gradient echo (FSPGR), and 3D T2 FLAIR sequences can better detect cranial nerve contrast enhancement.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with cranial neuritis based on clinical findings ( n = 20) and control participants ( n = 20) were retrospectively included in this study. All patients underwent 3T MR imaging with contrast-enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 FSPGR, and 3D T2 FLAIR. Experienced and inexperienced reviewers independently evaluated the 3 sequences to compare their diagnostic performance and time required to reach the diagnosis. Additionally, tube phantoms containing varying concentrations of gadobutrol solution were scanned using the 3 sequences.

RESULTS: For the inexperienced reader, the 3D T1 TSE sequence showed significantly higher sensitivity (80% versus 50%, P = .049; 80% versus 55%; P = .040), specificity (100% versus 65%, P = .004; 100% versus 60%; P = .001), and accuracy (90% versus 57.5%, P = .001; 90% versus 57.5%, P = .001) than the 3D T1 FSPGR and 3D T2 FLAIR sequences in patients with cranial neuritis. For the experienced reader, the 3D T1-based sequences showed significantly higher sensitivity than the 3D T2 FLAIR sequence (85% versus 30%, P &lt; .001; 3D T1 TSE versus 3D T2 FLAIR, 85% versus 30%, P &lt; .001; 3D T1 FSPGR versus 3D T2 FLAIR). For both readers, the 3D T1 TSE sequence showed the highest area under the curve (inexperienced reader; 0.91, experienced reader; 0.87), and time to diagnosis was significantly shorter with 3D T1 TSE than with 3D T1 FSPGR.

CONCLUSIONS: The 3D T1 TSE sequence may be clinically useful in evaluating abnormal cranial nerve enhancement, especially for inexperienced readers.

FSPGR
:   fast-spoiled gradient echo
CE
:   contrast-enhanced
GRE
:   gradient-echo
CNR
:   contrast to noise ratio
ROC
:   receiver operating characteristic
AUC
:   area under the ROC curve
TSE
:   turbo spin-echo" />
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    <title>Improved Lesion Conspicuity with Contrast-Enhanced 3D T1 TSE Black-Blood Imaging in Cranial Neuritis: A Comparative Study of Contrast-Enhanced 3D T1 TSE, 3D T1 Fast-Spoiled Gradient Echo, and 3D T2 FLAIR | American Journal of Neuroradiology</title>  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">T.-W. Baek</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">Y. Kang</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">H.-J. Lee</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">May 2021,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">42 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(5) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">945-950; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A7025 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-90910--61963194104" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">T.-W. Baek </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>Department of Radiology (T.-W.B., Y.K., H.-J.L.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=T.-W.%2BBaek%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Baek%20T&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AT.-W.%2BBaek%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8743-022X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for T.-W. Baek</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Y. Kang </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>Department of Radiology (T.-W.B., Y.K., H.-J.L.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Y.%2BKang%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Kang%20Y&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AY.%2BKang%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5078-3213" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Y. Kang</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">H.-J. Lee </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>Department of Radiology (T.-W.B., Y.K., H.-J.L.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=H.-J.%2BLee%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Lee%20H&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AH.-J.%2BLee%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0831-6184" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for H.-J. Lee</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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