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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Quantitative Diffusion and Spectroscopic Neuroimaging Combined with a Novel Early-Developmental Assessment Improves Models for 1-Year Developmental Outcomes" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A7370" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2022-01-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Preterm infants are at risk for overt and silent CNS injury, with developmental consequences that are difficult to predict. The novel Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance, administered in preterm infants at term age, is indicative of later developmental gross motor and cognitive scores at 12 months. Here, we assessed whether functional performance on this early assessment correlates with CNS integrity via MR spectroscopy or diffusional kurtosis imaging and whether these quantitative neuroimaging methods improve predictions for future 12-month developmental scores.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR spectroscopy and quantitative diffusion MR imaging data were acquired in preterm infants ( n  = 16) at term. Testing was performed at term and 3 months using the Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition, at 12 months. We modeled the relationship of MR spectroscopy and diffusion MR imaging data with both test scores via multiple linear regression.

RESULTS: MR spectroscopy NAA ratios at a TE of 270 ms in the frontal WM and basal ganglia and kurtosis metrics in major WM tracts correlated strongly with total Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance scores. The addition of MR spectroscopy and diffusion separately improved the functional predictions of 12-month outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS: Microstructural integrity of the major WM tracts and metabolism in the basal ganglia and frontal WM strongly correlate with early developmental performance, suggesting that the Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance reflects CNS integrity after preterm birth. This study demonstrates that combining quantitative neuroimaging and early functional movement improves the prediction of 12-month outcomes in premature infants.

AIC
:   Akaike Information Criterion
adj- R 2
:   Adjusted R-squared
Bayley-III
:   Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition
BG
:   basal ganglia
DKI
:   diffusional kurtosis imaging
FA
:   fractional anisotropy
gCC
:   genu of the corpus callosum
IFOF
:   inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus
KFA
:   kurtosis fractional anisotropy
PLIC
:   posterior limb of the internal capsule
PTR
:   posterior thalamic/optic radiations
sCC
:   splenium of the corpus callosum
STEP
:   Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="H.G. Moss" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="L.G. Wolf" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P. Coker-Bolt" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="V. Ramakrishnan" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T. Aljuhani" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M. Yazdani" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="T.R. Brown" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.H. Jensen" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="D.D. Jenkins" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2022-01-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Pediatrics" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Quantitative Diffusion and Spectroscopic Neuroimaging Combined with a Novel Early-Developmental Assessment Improves Models for 1-Year Developmental Outcomes" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Preterm infants are at risk for overt and silent CNS injury, with developmental consequences that are difficult to predict. The novel Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance, administered in preterm infants at term age, is indicative of later developmental gross motor and cognitive scores at 12 months. Here, we assessed whether functional performance on this early assessment correlates with CNS integrity via MR spectroscopy or diffusional kurtosis imaging and whether these quantitative neuroimaging methods improve predictions for future 12-month developmental scores.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;MR spectroscopy and quantitative diffusion MR imaging data were acquired in preterm infants (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 16) at term. Testing was performed at term and 3 months using the Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition, at 12 months. We modeled the relationship of MR spectroscopy and diffusion MR imaging data with both test scores via multiple linear regression.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;MR spectroscopy NAA ratios at a TE of 270 ms in the frontal WM and basal ganglia and kurtosis metrics in major WM tracts correlated strongly with total Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance scores. The addition of MR spectroscopy and diffusion separately improved the functional predictions of 12-month outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Microstructural integrity of the major WM tracts and metabolism in the basal ganglia and frontal WM strongly correlate with early developmental performance, suggesting that the Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance reflects CNS integrity after preterm birth. This study demonstrates that combining quantitative neuroimaging and early functional movement improves the prediction of 12-month outcomes in premature infants.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Quantitative Diffusion and Spectroscopic Neuroimaging Combined with a Novel Early-Developmental Assessment Improves Models for 1-Year Developmental Outcomes" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Preterm infants are at risk for overt and silent CNS injury, with developmental consequences that are difficult to predict. The novel Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance, administered in preterm infants at term age, is indicative of later developmental gross motor and cognitive scores at 12 months. Here, we assessed whether functional performance on this early assessment correlates with CNS integrity via MR spectroscopy or diffusional kurtosis imaging and whether these quantitative neuroimaging methods improve predictions for future 12-month developmental scores.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR spectroscopy and quantitative diffusion MR imaging data were acquired in preterm infants ( n  = 16) at term. Testing was performed at term and 3 months using the Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition, at 12 months. We modeled the relationship of MR spectroscopy and diffusion MR imaging data with both test scores via multiple linear regression.

RESULTS: MR spectroscopy NAA ratios at a TE of 270 ms in the frontal WM and basal ganglia and kurtosis metrics in major WM tracts correlated strongly with total Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance scores. The addition of MR spectroscopy and diffusion separately improved the functional predictions of 12-month outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS: Microstructural integrity of the major WM tracts and metabolism in the basal ganglia and frontal WM strongly correlate with early developmental performance, suggesting that the Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance reflects CNS integrity after preterm birth. This study demonstrates that combining quantitative neuroimaging and early functional movement improves the prediction of 12-month outcomes in premature infants.

AIC
:   Akaike Information Criterion
adj- R 2
:   Adjusted R-squared
Bayley-III
:   Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition
BG
:   basal ganglia
DKI
:   diffusional kurtosis imaging
FA
:   fractional anisotropy
gCC
:   genu of the corpus callosum
IFOF
:   inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus
KFA
:   kurtosis fractional anisotropy
PLIC
:   posterior limb of the internal capsule
PTR
:   posterior thalamic/optic radiations
sCC
:   splenium of the corpus callosum
STEP
:   Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Quantitative Diffusion and Spectroscopic Neuroimaging Combined with a Novel Early-Developmental Assessment Improves Models for 1-Year Developmental Outcomes" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/43/1/139" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Preterm infants are at risk for overt and silent CNS injury, with developmental consequences that are difficult to predict. The novel Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance, administered in preterm infants at term age, is indicative of later developmental gross motor and cognitive scores at 12 months. Here, we assessed whether functional performance on this early assessment correlates with CNS integrity via MR spectroscopy or diffusional kurtosis imaging and whether these quantitative neuroimaging methods improve predictions for future 12-month developmental scores.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR spectroscopy and quantitative diffusion MR imaging data were acquired in preterm infants ( n  = 16) at term. Testing was performed at term and 3 months using the Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition, at 12 months. We modeled the relationship of MR spectroscopy and diffusion MR imaging data with both test scores via multiple linear regression.

RESULTS: MR spectroscopy NAA ratios at a TE of 270 ms in the frontal WM and basal ganglia and kurtosis metrics in major WM tracts correlated strongly with total Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance scores. The addition of MR spectroscopy and diffusion separately improved the functional predictions of 12-month outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS: Microstructural integrity of the major WM tracts and metabolism in the basal ganglia and frontal WM strongly correlate with early developmental performance, suggesting that the Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance reflects CNS integrity after preterm birth. This study demonstrates that combining quantitative neuroimaging and early functional movement improves the prediction of 12-month outcomes in premature infants.

AIC
:   Akaike Information Criterion
adj- R 2
:   Adjusted R-squared
Bayley-III
:   Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition
BG
:   basal ganglia
DKI
:   diffusional kurtosis imaging
FA
:   fractional anisotropy
gCC
:   genu of the corpus callosum
IFOF
:   inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus
KFA
:   kurtosis fractional anisotropy
PLIC
:   posterior limb of the internal capsule
PTR
:   posterior thalamic/optic radiations
sCC
:   splenium of the corpus callosum
STEP
:   Specific Test of Early Infant Motor Performance" />
<meta name="og-type" property="og:type" content="article" />
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Quantitative Diffusion and Spectroscopic Neuroimaging Combined with a Novel Early-Developmental Assessment Improves Models for 1-Year Developmental Outcomes</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">H.G. Moss</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">L.G. Wolf</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">P. Coker-Bolt</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">V. Ramakrishnan</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">T. Aljuhani</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">M. Yazdani</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">T.R. Brown</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">J.H. Jensen</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">D.D. Jenkins</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">January 2022,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">43 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(1) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">139-145; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A7370 </span></div>
  
  
  
</div>
<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-94889--62136549761" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">H.G. Moss </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Neuroscience (H.G.M., J.H.J.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Center for Biomedical Imaging (H.G.M., T.R.B., J.H.J., D.D.J.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=H.G.%2BMoss%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Moss%20H&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AH.G.%2BMoss%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8262-804X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for H.G. Moss</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">L.G. Wolf </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Pediatrics (L.G.W., D.D.J.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=L.G.%2BWolf%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Wolf%20L&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AL.G.%2BWolf%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8985-5034" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for L.G. Wolf</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">P. Coker-Bolt </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Division of Occupational Therapy (P.C.-B., T.A.), College of Health Sciences</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.%2BCoker-Bolt%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Coker-Bolt%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.%2BCoker-Bolt%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">V. Ramakrishnan </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Division of Public Health Sciences (V.R., T.A.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=V.%2BRamakrishnan%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Ramakrishnan%20V&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AV.%2BRamakrishnan%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">T. Aljuhani </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Division of Occupational Therapy (P.C.-B., T.A.), College of Health Sciences</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Division of Public Health Sciences (V.R., T.A.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=T.%2BAljuhani%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Aljuhani%20T&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AT.%2BAljuhani%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4798-8103" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for T. Aljuhani</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">M. Yazdani </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (M.Y., T.R.B., J.H.J.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=M.%2BYazdani%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Yazdani%20M&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AM.%2BYazdani%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5072-665X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for M. Yazdani</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">T.R. Brown </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Center for Biomedical Imaging (H.G.M., T.R.B., J.H.J., D.D.J.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (M.Y., T.R.B., J.H.J.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=T.R.%2BBrown%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Brown%20T&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AT.R.%2BBrown%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5789-7638" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for T.R. Brown</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.H. Jensen </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Neuroscience (H.G.M., J.H.J.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Center for Biomedical Imaging (H.G.M., T.R.B., J.H.J., D.D.J.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>f</span>Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (M.Y., T.R.B., J.H.J.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.H.%2BJensen%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Jensen%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.H.%2BJensen%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3219-4287" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J.H. 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Jenkins </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Center for Biomedical Imaging (H.G.M., T.R.B., J.H.J., D.D.J.)</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Pediatrics (L.G.W., D.D.J.)</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=D.D.%2BJenkins%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Jenkins%20D&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AD.D.%2BJenkins%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4196-483X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for D.D. 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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="section ref-list" id="ref-list-1"><h2 class="">References</h2><ol class="cit-list ref-use-labels"><li><span class="ref-label">1.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-1-1" title="View reference 1. in text" id="ref-1">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-43.1.139.1" data-doi="10.1038/s41390-019-0461-1"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Lean</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">RE</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Han</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">RH</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Smyser</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">TA</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Altered neonatal white and gray 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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Quantitative Diffusion and Spectroscopic Neuroimaging Combined with a Novel Early-Developmental Assessment Improves Models for 1-Year Developmental Outcomes</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">H.G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Moss</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">L.G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Wolf</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Coker-Bolt</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">V.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Ramakrishnan</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">T.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Aljuhani</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Yazdani</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">T.R.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Brown</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.H.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Jensen</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.D.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Jenkins</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Jan 2022, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">43 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(1) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">139-145; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A7370 </span></div>
  
  
  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Jan 2022, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">43 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(1) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">139-145; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A7370 </span></div>
  
  
  
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