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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Spectrum of Neuroradiologic Findings Associated with Monogenic Interferonopathies" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="SUMMARY: The genetic interferonopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders thought to be caused by the dysregulated expression of interferons and are now commonly considered in the differential diagnosis of children presenting with recurrent or persistent inflammatory phenotypes. With emerging therapeutic options, recognition of these disorders is increasingly important, and neuroimaging plays a vital role. In this article, we discuss the wide spectrum of neuroradiologic features associated with monogenic interferonopathies by reviewing the literature and illustrate these with cases from our institutions. These cases include intracerebral calcifications, white matter T2 hyperintensities, deep WM cysts, cerebral atrophy, large cerebral artery disease, bilateral striatal necrosis, and masslike lesions. A better understanding of the breadth of the neuroimaging phenotypes in conjunction with clinical and laboratory findings will enable earlier diagnosis and direct therapeutic strategies.

AGS
:   Aicardi-Goutières syndrome
ICC
:   intracranial calcifications
IFN
:   interferon
SLE
:   systemic lupus erythematosus
SAVI
:   STING -associated vasculopathy of infancy
WMH
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&lt;p&gt;The genetic interferonopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders thought to be caused by the dysregulated expression of interferons and are now commonly considered in the differential diagnosis of children presenting with recurrent or persistent inflammatory phenotypes. With emerging therapeutic options, recognition of these disorders is increasingly important, and neuroimaging plays a vital role. In this article, we discuss the wide spectrum of neuroradiologic features associated with monogenic interferonopathies by reviewing the literature and illustrate these with cases from our institutions. These cases include intracerebral calcifications, white matter T2 hyperintensities, deep WM cysts, cerebral atrophy, large cerebral artery disease, bilateral striatal necrosis, and masslike lesions. A better understanding of the breadth of the neuroimaging phenotypes in conjunction with clinical and laboratory findings will enable earlier diagnosis and direct therapeutic strategies.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Spectrum of Neuroradiologic Findings Associated with Monogenic Interferonopathies" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="SUMMARY: The genetic interferonopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders thought to be caused by the dysregulated expression of interferons and are now commonly considered in the differential diagnosis of children presenting with recurrent or persistent inflammatory phenotypes. With emerging therapeutic options, recognition of these disorders is increasingly important, and neuroimaging plays a vital role. In this article, we discuss the wide spectrum of neuroradiologic features associated with monogenic interferonopathies by reviewing the literature and illustrate these with cases from our institutions. These cases include intracerebral calcifications, white matter T2 hyperintensities, deep WM cysts, cerebral atrophy, large cerebral artery disease, bilateral striatal necrosis, and masslike lesions. A better understanding of the breadth of the neuroimaging phenotypes in conjunction with clinical and laboratory findings will enable earlier diagnosis and direct therapeutic strategies.

AGS
:   Aicardi-Goutières syndrome
ICC
:   intracranial calcifications
IFN
:   interferon
SLE
:   systemic lupus erythematosus
SAVI
:   STING -associated vasculopathy of infancy
WMH
:   white matter hyperintensities" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Spectrum of Neuroradiologic Findings Associated with Monogenic Interferonopathies" />
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<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="SUMMARY: The genetic interferonopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders thought to be caused by the dysregulated expression of interferons and are now commonly considered in the differential diagnosis of children presenting with recurrent or persistent inflammatory phenotypes. With emerging therapeutic options, recognition of these disorders is increasingly important, and neuroimaging plays a vital role. In this article, we discuss the wide spectrum of neuroradiologic features associated with monogenic interferonopathies by reviewing the literature and illustrate these with cases from our institutions. These cases include intracerebral calcifications, white matter T2 hyperintensities, deep WM cysts, cerebral atrophy, large cerebral artery disease, bilateral striatal necrosis, and masslike lesions. A better understanding of the breadth of the neuroimaging phenotypes in conjunction with clinical and laboratory findings will enable earlier diagnosis and direct therapeutic strategies.

AGS
:   Aicardi-Goutières syndrome
ICC
:   intracranial calcifications
IFN
:   interferon
SLE
:   systemic lupus erythematosus
SAVI
:   STING -associated vasculopathy of infancy
WMH
:   white matter hyperintensities" />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node94895--7" data-node-nid="94895" id="top-node-94895--8954419881" data-pisa="ajnr;43/1/2" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A7362" data-apath="/ajnr/43/1/2.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Review Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">Adult Brain</span></span></div>
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access"><i class="highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access open-access hw-icon-open-access" title="Open Access" aria-hidden="true"></i><span  class="element-invisible highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-open-access" style="">Open Access</span></span></div>
  
      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Spectrum of Neuroradiologic Findings Associated with Monogenic Interferonopathies</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">P. Benjamin</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">S. Sudhakar</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">F. D’Arco</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">U. Löbel</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">O. Carney</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">C.-J. Roux</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">N. Boddaert</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">C. Hemingway</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">D. Eleftheriou</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9">K. Mankad</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">January 2022,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">43 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(1) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2-10; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A7362 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-94895--8954419881" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">P. Benjamin </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (P.B., S.S., F.D., U.L., O.C., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.%2BBenjamin%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Benjamin%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.%2BBenjamin%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7361-9571" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for P. Benjamin</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">S. Sudhakar </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (P.B., S.S., F.D., U.L., O.C., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=S.%2BSudhakar%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Sudhakar%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AS.%2BSudhakar%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-9705" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for S. Sudhakar</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">F. D’Arco </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (P.B., S.S., F.D., U.L., O.C., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=F.%2BD%E2%80%99Arco%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=D%E2%80%99Arco%20F&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AF.%2BD%25E2%2580%2599Arco%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7396-591X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for F. D’Arco</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">U. Löbel </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (P.B., S.S., F.D., U.L., O.C., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=U.%2BL%C3%B6bel%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=L%C3%B6bel%20U&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AU.%2BL%25C3%25B6bel%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-3464" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for U. Löbel</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">O. Carney </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (P.B., S.S., F.D., U.L., O.C., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=O.%2BCarney%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Carney%20O&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AO.%2BCarney%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7900-6776" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for O. Carney</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C.-J. Roux </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Department of Paediatric Radiology (C.-J.R., N.B.), Hôpital Necker–Enfants Malades, Paris, France</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.-J.%2BRoux%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Roux%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.-J.%2BRoux%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9008-548X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for C.-J. Roux</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">N. Boddaert </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Department of Paediatric Radiology (C.-J.R., N.B.), Hôpital Necker–Enfants Malades, Paris, France</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Institut Imagine (N.B.), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Union Mutualiste Retraite 1163, Paris, France</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=N.%2BBoddaert%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Boddaert%20N&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AN.%2BBoddaert%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0991-7774" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for N. Boddaert</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C. Hemingway </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Department of Paediatric Neurology (C.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.%2BHemingway%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hemingway%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.%2BHemingway%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3899-3015" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for C. Hemingway</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-8"><div class="author-tooltip-name">D. Eleftheriou </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Infection, Inflammation, and Immunology Section (D.E.), University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=D.%2BEleftheriou%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Eleftheriou%20D&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AD.%2BEleftheriou%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5312-2269" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for D. Eleftheriou</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-9"><div class="author-tooltip-name">K. Mankad </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology (P.B., S.S., F.D., U.L., O.C., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=K.%2BMankad%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Mankad%20K&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AK.%2BMankad%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5979-9337" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for K. 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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">vol. 43 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">no. 1 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-page-string highwire-cite-metadata">2-10 </span></div>
  
  
  
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    <div class="field field-name-field-highwire-publication-history field-type-text field-label-inline clearfix"><div class="field-label">History&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><ul class="publication-history"><li>Received  April 7, 2021</li><li>Accepted after revision  June 29, 2021</li><li class="published"><span class="published-label">Published online</span> January 13, 2022.</li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="content-block-markup" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><div xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="contributors"><ol class="contributor-list" id="contrib-group-1"><li class="contributor" id="contrib-1"><span class="name">P. Benjamin</span><a id="xref-aff-1-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-2"><span class="name">S. Sudhakar</span><a id="xref-aff-1-2" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-3"><span class="name">F. D’Arco</span><a id="xref-aff-1-3" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-4"><span class="name">U. Löbel</span><a id="xref-aff-1-4" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-5"><span class="name">O. Carney</span><a id="xref-aff-1-5" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-6"><span class="name">C.-J. Roux</span><a id="xref-aff-2-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-2">b</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-7"><span class="name">N. Boddaert</span><a id="xref-aff-2-2" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-2">b</a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-3-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-3">c</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-8"><span class="name">C. Hemingway</span><a id="xref-aff-4-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-4">d</a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-9"><span class="name">D. Eleftheriou</span><a id="xref-aff-5-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-5">e</a> and </li><li class="last" id="contrib-10"><span class="name">K. Mankad</span><a id="xref-aff-1-6" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1">a</a></li></ol><ol class="affiliation-list"><li class="aff"><a id="aff-1" name="aff-1"></a><address><sup>a</sup>From the Department of Radiology (P.B., S.S., F.D., U.L., O.C., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK</address></li><li class="aff"><a id="aff-2" name="aff-2"></a><address><sup>b</sup>Department of Paediatric Radiology (C.-J.R., N.B.), Hôpital Necker–Enfants Malades, Paris, France</address></li><li class="aff"><a id="aff-3" name="aff-3"></a><address><sup>c</sup>Institut Imagine (N.B.), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Union Mutualiste Retraite 1163, Paris, France</address></li><li class="aff"><a id="aff-4" name="aff-4"></a><address><sup>d</sup>Department of Paediatric Neurology (C.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK</address></li><li class="aff"><a id="aff-5" name="aff-5"></a><address><sup>e</sup>Infection, Inflammation, and Immunology Section (D.E.), University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK</address></li></ol><ol class="corresp-list"><li class="corresp" id="corresp-1">Please address correspondence to Philip Benjamin, MD, <span class="addr-line">Great Ormond St Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond St, London, WCIN 3JH, United Kingdom</span>; e-mail: <span class="em-link"><span class="em-addr">philip.benjamin{at}nhs.net</span></span></li></ol></div></div><a href="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/43/1/2.full" class="hw-link hw-link-article-full-text" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">View Full Text</a></div>  </div>

  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Benjamin</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Sudhakar</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">F.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">D’Arco</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">U.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Löbel</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">O.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Carney</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.-J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Roux</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">N.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Boddaert</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hemingway</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Eleftheriou</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">K.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mankad</span></span></span></div>
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Spectrum of Neuroradiologic Findings Associated with Monogenic Interferonopathies</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">P.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Benjamin</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">S.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Sudhakar</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">F.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">D’Arco</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">U.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Löbel</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">O.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Carney</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.-J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Roux</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">N.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Boddaert</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hemingway</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Eleftheriou</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">K.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mankad</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Jan 2022, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">43 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(1) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">2-10; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A7362 </span></div>
  
  
  
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