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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Progressive Changes in Cerebral Apparent Diffusion Values in Fabry Disease: A 5-Year Follow-up MRI Study" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A8001" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2023-10-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2023 by American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.AccessRights" content="restricted" />
<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: White matter lesions are commonly found in patients with Fabry disease. Existing studies have shown elevated diffusivity in healthy-appearing brain regions that are commonly associated with white matter lesions, suggesting that DWI could help detect white matter lesions at an earlier stage This study explores whether diffusivity changes precede white matter lesion formation in a cohort of patients with Fabry disease undergoing yearly MR imaging examinations during a 5-year period.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: T1-weighted anatomic, FLAIR, and DWI scans of 48 patients with Fabry disease (23 women; median age, 44 years; range, 15–69 years) were retrospectively included. White matter lesions and tissue probability maps were segmented and, together with ADC maps, were transformed into standard space. ADC values were determined within lesions before and after detection on FLAIR images and compared with normal-appearing white matter ADC. By means of linear mixed-effects modeling, changes in ADC and ΔADC (relative to normal-appearing white matter) across time were investigated.

RESULTS: ADC was significantly higher within white matter lesions compared with normal-appearing white matter ( P  &lt; .01), even before detection on FLAIR images. ADC and ΔADC were significantly affected by sex, showing higher values in men (60.1 [95% CI, 23.8–96.3] ×10–6mm2/s and 35.1 [95% CI, 6.0–64.2] ×10–6mm2/s), respectively. ΔADC increased faster in men compared with women (0.99 [95% CI, 0.27–1.71] ×10–6mm2/s/month). ΔADC increased with time even when only considering data from before detection (0.57 [95% CI, 0.01–1.14] ×10–6mm2/s/month).

CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that in Fabry disease, changes in diffusion precede the formation of white matter lesions and that microstructural changes progress faster in men compared with women. These findings suggest that DWI may be of predictive value for white matter lesion formation in Fabry disease.

ERT
:   enzyme replacement therapy
IQR
:   interquartile range
LME
:   linear mixed effect
MNI
:   Montreal Neurological Institute
NAWM
:   normal-appearing white matter
TP
:   time point
WML
:   white matter lesion" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Koen P.A. Baas" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Albert J. Everard" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Simon Körver" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Laura van Dussen" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Bram F. Coolen" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Gustav J. Strijkers" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Carla E.M. Hollak" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Aart J. Nederveen" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2023-10-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Adult Brain" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Progressive Changes in Cerebral Apparent Diffusion Values in Fabry Disease: A 5-Year Follow-up MRI Study" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;White matter lesions are commonly found in patients with Fabry disease. Existing studies have shown elevated diffusivity in healthy-appearing brain regions that are commonly associated with white matter lesions, suggesting that DWI could help detect white matter lesions at an earlier stage This study explores whether diffusivity changes precede white matter lesion formation in a cohort of patients with Fabry disease undergoing yearly MR imaging examinations during a 5-year period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;T1-weighted anatomic, FLAIR, and DWI scans of 48 patients with Fabry disease (23 women; median age, 44 years; range, 15–69 years) were retrospectively included. White matter lesions and tissue probability maps were segmented and, together with ADC maps, were transformed into standard space. ADC values were determined within lesions before and after detection on FLAIR images and compared with normal-appearing white matter ADC. By means of linear mixed-effects modeling, changes in ADC and ΔADC (relative to normal-appearing white matter) across time were investigated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;ADC was significantly higher within white matter lesions compared with normal-appearing white matter (&lt;i&gt;P &lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt; .01), even before detection on FLAIR images. ADC and ΔADC were significantly affected by sex, showing higher values in men (60.1 [95% CI, 23.8–96.3] ×10&lt;sup&gt;–6&lt;/sup&gt;mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/s and 35.1 [95% CI, 6.0–64.2] ×10&lt;sup&gt;–6&lt;/sup&gt;mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/s), respectively. ΔADC increased faster in men compared with women (0.99 [95% CI, 0.27–1.71] ×10&lt;sup&gt;–6&lt;/sup&gt;mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/s/month). ΔADC increased with time even when only considering data from before detection (0.57 [95% CI, 0.01–1.14] ×10&lt;sup&gt;–6&lt;/sup&gt;mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/s/month).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Our results indicate that in Fabry disease, changes in diffusion precede the formation of white matter lesions and that microstructural changes progress faster in men compared with women. These findings suggest that DWI may be of predictive value for white matter lesion formation in Fabry disease.&lt;/p&gt;" />
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="citation_firstpage" content="1157" />
<meta name="citation_lastpage" content="1164" />
<meta name="citation_author" content="Koen P.A. Baas" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="aFrom the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.P.A.B., A.J.N.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Progressive Changes in Cerebral Apparent Diffusion Values in Fabry Disease: A 5-Year Follow-up MRI Study" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: White matter lesions are commonly found in patients with Fabry disease. Existing studies have shown elevated diffusivity in healthy-appearing brain regions that are commonly associated with white matter lesions, suggesting that DWI could help detect white matter lesions at an earlier stage This study explores whether diffusivity changes precede white matter lesion formation in a cohort of patients with Fabry disease undergoing yearly MR imaging examinations during a 5-year period.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: T1-weighted anatomic, FLAIR, and DWI scans of 48 patients with Fabry disease (23 women; median age, 44 years; range, 15–69 years) were retrospectively included. White matter lesions and tissue probability maps were segmented and, together with ADC maps, were transformed into standard space. ADC values were determined within lesions before and after detection on FLAIR images and compared with normal-appearing white matter ADC. By means of linear mixed-effects modeling, changes in ADC and ΔADC (relative to normal-appearing white matter) across time were investigated.

RESULTS: ADC was significantly higher within white matter lesions compared with normal-appearing white matter ( P  &lt; .01), even before detection on FLAIR images. ADC and ΔADC were significantly affected by sex, showing higher values in men (60.1 [95% CI, 23.8–96.3] ×10–6mm2/s and 35.1 [95% CI, 6.0–64.2] ×10–6mm2/s), respectively. ΔADC increased faster in men compared with women (0.99 [95% CI, 0.27–1.71] ×10–6mm2/s/month). ΔADC increased with time even when only considering data from before detection (0.57 [95% CI, 0.01–1.14] ×10–6mm2/s/month).

CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that in Fabry disease, changes in diffusion precede the formation of white matter lesions and that microstructural changes progress faster in men compared with women. These findings suggest that DWI may be of predictive value for white matter lesion formation in Fabry disease.

ERT
:   enzyme replacement therapy
IQR
:   interquartile range
LME
:   linear mixed effect
MNI
:   Montreal Neurological Institute
NAWM
:   normal-appearing white matter
TP
:   time point
WML
:   white matter lesion" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Progressive Changes in Cerebral Apparent Diffusion Values in Fabry Disease: A 5-Year Follow-up MRI Study" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/44/10/1157" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: White matter lesions are commonly found in patients with Fabry disease. Existing studies have shown elevated diffusivity in healthy-appearing brain regions that are commonly associated with white matter lesions, suggesting that DWI could help detect white matter lesions at an earlier stage This study explores whether diffusivity changes precede white matter lesion formation in a cohort of patients with Fabry disease undergoing yearly MR imaging examinations during a 5-year period.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: T1-weighted anatomic, FLAIR, and DWI scans of 48 patients with Fabry disease (23 women; median age, 44 years; range, 15–69 years) were retrospectively included. White matter lesions and tissue probability maps were segmented and, together with ADC maps, were transformed into standard space. ADC values were determined within lesions before and after detection on FLAIR images and compared with normal-appearing white matter ADC. By means of linear mixed-effects modeling, changes in ADC and ΔADC (relative to normal-appearing white matter) across time were investigated.

RESULTS: ADC was significantly higher within white matter lesions compared with normal-appearing white matter ( P  &lt; .01), even before detection on FLAIR images. ADC and ΔADC were significantly affected by sex, showing higher values in men (60.1 [95% CI, 23.8–96.3] ×10–6mm2/s and 35.1 [95% CI, 6.0–64.2] ×10–6mm2/s), respectively. ΔADC increased faster in men compared with women (0.99 [95% CI, 0.27–1.71] ×10–6mm2/s/month). ΔADC increased with time even when only considering data from before detection (0.57 [95% CI, 0.01–1.14] ×10–6mm2/s/month).

CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that in Fabry disease, changes in diffusion precede the formation of white matter lesions and that microstructural changes progress faster in men compared with women. These findings suggest that DWI may be of predictive value for white matter lesion formation in Fabry disease.

ERT
:   enzyme replacement therapy
IQR
:   interquartile range
LME
:   linear mixed effect
MNI
:   Montreal Neurological Institute
NAWM
:   normal-appearing white matter
TP
:   time point
WML
:   white matter lesion" />
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      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">Adult Brain</span></span></div>
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Progressive Changes in Cerebral Apparent Diffusion Values in Fabry Disease: A 5-Year Follow-up MRI Study</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">Koen P.A. Baas</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">Albert J. Everard</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">Simon Körver</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">Laura van Dussen</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">Bram F. Coolen</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">Gustav J. Strijkers</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">Carla E.M. Hollak</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">Aart J. Nederveen</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">October 2023,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">44 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(10) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1157-1164; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A8001 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-104246--62103178062" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Koen P.A. Baas </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.P.A.B., A.J.N.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Koen%2BP.A.%2BBaas%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Baas%20KP&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AKoen%2BP.A.%2BBaas%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7902-9241" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Koen P.A. Baas</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Albert J. Everard </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Faculty of Science (A.J.E.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Albert%2BJ.%2BEverard%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Everard%20AJ&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AAlbert%2BJ.%2BEverard%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6670-9395" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Albert J. Everard</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Simon Körver </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.K., L.v.D., C.E.M.H.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Simon%2BK%C3%B6rver%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=K%C3%B6rver%20S&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3ASimon%2BK%25C3%25B6rver%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1432-7760" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Simon Körver</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Laura van Dussen </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.K., L.v.D., C.E.M.H.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Laura%2Bvan%2BDussen%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=van%20Dussen%20L&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3ALaura%2Bvan%2BDussen%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6539-531X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Laura van Dussen</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Bram F. Coolen </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (B.F.C., G.J.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (B.F.C., G.J.S.), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Bram%2BF.%2BCoolen%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Coolen%20BF&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3ABram%2BF.%2BCoolen%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3946-653X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Bram F. 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Strijkers </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>d</span>Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (B.F.C., G.J.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</div><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>e</span>Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (B.F.C., G.J.S.), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Gustav%2BJ.%2BStrijkers%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Strijkers%20GJ&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AGustav%2BJ.%2BStrijkers%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6700-5058" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Gustav J. Strijkers</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Carla E.M. Hollak </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.K., L.v.D., C.E.M.H.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Carla%2BE.M.%2BHollak%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Hollak%20CE&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3ACarla%2BE.M.%2BHollak%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-1078" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Carla E.M. Hollak</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Aart J. Nederveen </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (K.P.A.B., A.J.N.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Aart%2BJ.%2BNederveen%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Nederveen%20AJ&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AAart%2BJ.%2BNederveen%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5477-973X" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for Aart J. 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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 44</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 10 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Oct 2023 </div></div>
      
      
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Oct 2023, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">44 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(10) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1157-1164; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A8001 </span></div>
  
  
  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Oct 2023, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">44 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(10) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">1157-1164; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A8001 </span></div>
  
  
  
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