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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Somatostatin Receptor–PET/CT/MRI of Head and Neck Neuroendocrine Tumors" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A7934" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2023-08-01" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2023 by American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Due to its high sensitivity, somatostatin receptor–PET may detect smaller lesions and more extensive disease than contrast-enhanced MR imaging, while the superior spatial resolution of MR imaging enables lesions to be accurately localized. We compared results of somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI with those of MR imaging alone and assessed the added value of vertex-to-thigh imaging for head and neck neuroendocrine tumors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Somatostatin receptor–PET/CT was acquired as limited brain or head and neck imaging, with optional vertex-to-thigh imaging, following administration of 64CU/68GA DOTATATE. Somatostatin receptor–PET was fused with separately acquired contrast-enhanced MR imaging. DOTATATE activity was classified as comparable, more extensive, and/or showing additional lesions compared with MR imaging. Vertex-to-thigh findings were classified as positive or negative for metastatic disease or incidental.

RESULTS: Thirty patients (with 13 meningiomas, 11 paragangliomas, 1 metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma, 1 middle ear neuroendocrine adenoma, 1 external auditory canal mass, 1 pituitary carcinoma, 1 olfactory neuroblastoma, 1 orbital mass) were imaged. Five had no evidence of somatostatin receptor–positive lesions and were excluded. In 11/25, somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI and MR imaging were comparable. In 7/25, somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI showed more extensive disease, while in 9/25, somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI identified additional lesions. On vertex-to-thigh imaging, 1 of 17 patients was positive for metastatic disease, 8 of 17 were negative, and 8 of 17 demonstrated incidental findings.

CONCLUSIONS: Somatostatin receptor–PET detected additional lesions and more extensive disease than contrast-enhanced MR imaging alone, while vertex-to-thigh imaging showed a low incidence of metastatic disease. Somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI enabled superior anatomic delineation of tumor burden, while any discrepancies were readily addressed. Somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI has the potential to play an important role in presurgical and radiation therapy planning of head and neck neuroendocrine tumors.

FWHM
:   full width at half maximum
HNPGL
:   head and neck paraganglioma
max
:   maximum
NCCN
:   National Comprehensive Cancer Network
NET
:   neuroendocrine tumor
PitNET
:   pituitary neuroendocrine tumor
SSA
:   somatostatin analog
SSTR
:   somatostatin receptor
SUV
:   standard uptake value" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.N. Rini" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="G. Keir" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C. Caravella" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Goenka" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.M. Franceschi" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2023-08-01" />
<meta name="article:section" content="Head &amp;amp; Neck" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Somatostatin Receptor–PET/CT/MRI of Head and Neck Neuroendocrine Tumors" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Due to its high sensitivity, somatostatin receptor–PET may detect smaller lesions and more extensive disease than contrast-enhanced MR imaging, while the superior spatial resolution of MR imaging enables lesions to be accurately localized. We compared results of somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI with those of MR imaging alone and assessed the added value of vertex-to-thigh imaging for head and neck neuroendocrine tumors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Somatostatin receptor–PET/CT was acquired as limited brain or head and neck imaging, with optional vertex-to-thigh imaging, following administration of &lt;sup&gt;64&lt;/sup&gt;CU/&lt;sup&gt;68&lt;/sup&gt;GA DOTATATE. Somatostatin receptor–PET was fused with separately acquired contrast-enhanced MR imaging. DOTATATE activity was classified as comparable, more extensive, and/or showing additional lesions compared with MR imaging. Vertex-to-thigh findings were classified as positive or negative for metastatic disease or incidental.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Thirty patients (with 13 meningiomas, 11 paragangliomas, 1 metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma, 1 middle ear neuroendocrine adenoma, 1 external auditory canal mass, 1 pituitary carcinoma, 1 olfactory neuroblastoma, 1 orbital mass) were imaged. Five had no evidence of somatostatin receptor–positive lesions and were excluded. In 11/25, somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI and MR imaging were comparable. In 7/25, somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI showed more extensive disease, while in 9/25, somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI identified additional lesions. On vertex-to-thigh imaging, 1 of 17 patients was positive for metastatic disease, 8 of 17 were negative, and 8 of 17 demonstrated incidental findings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Somatostatin receptor–PET detected additional lesions and more extensive disease than contrast-enhanced MR imaging alone, while vertex-to-thigh imaging showed a low incidence of metastatic disease. Somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI enabled superior anatomic delineation of tumor burden, while any discrepancies were readily addressed. Somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI has the potential to play an important role in presurgical and radiation therapy planning of head and neck neuroendocrine tumors.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Somatostatin Receptor–PET/CT/MRI of Head and Neck Neuroendocrine Tumors" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Due to its high sensitivity, somatostatin receptor–PET may detect smaller lesions and more extensive disease than contrast-enhanced MR imaging, while the superior spatial resolution of MR imaging enables lesions to be accurately localized. We compared results of somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI with those of MR imaging alone and assessed the added value of vertex-to-thigh imaging for head and neck neuroendocrine tumors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Somatostatin receptor–PET/CT was acquired as limited brain or head and neck imaging, with optional vertex-to-thigh imaging, following administration of 64CU/68GA DOTATATE. Somatostatin receptor–PET was fused with separately acquired contrast-enhanced MR imaging. DOTATATE activity was classified as comparable, more extensive, and/or showing additional lesions compared with MR imaging. Vertex-to-thigh findings were classified as positive or negative for metastatic disease or incidental.

RESULTS: Thirty patients (with 13 meningiomas, 11 paragangliomas, 1 metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma, 1 middle ear neuroendocrine adenoma, 1 external auditory canal mass, 1 pituitary carcinoma, 1 olfactory neuroblastoma, 1 orbital mass) were imaged. Five had no evidence of somatostatin receptor–positive lesions and were excluded. In 11/25, somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI and MR imaging were comparable. In 7/25, somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI showed more extensive disease, while in 9/25, somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI identified additional lesions. On vertex-to-thigh imaging, 1 of 17 patients was positive for metastatic disease, 8 of 17 were negative, and 8 of 17 demonstrated incidental findings.

CONCLUSIONS: Somatostatin receptor–PET detected additional lesions and more extensive disease than contrast-enhanced MR imaging alone, while vertex-to-thigh imaging showed a low incidence of metastatic disease. Somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI enabled superior anatomic delineation of tumor burden, while any discrepancies were readily addressed. Somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI has the potential to play an important role in presurgical and radiation therapy planning of head and neck neuroendocrine tumors.

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HNPGL
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max
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NCCN
:   National Comprehensive Cancer Network
NET
:   neuroendocrine tumor
PitNET
:   pituitary neuroendocrine tumor
SSA
:   somatostatin analog
SSTR
:   somatostatin receptor
SUV
:   standard uptake value" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Somatostatin Receptor–PET/CT/MRI of Head and Neck Neuroendocrine Tumors" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/44/8/959" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Due to its high sensitivity, somatostatin receptor–PET may detect smaller lesions and more extensive disease than contrast-enhanced MR imaging, while the superior spatial resolution of MR imaging enables lesions to be accurately localized. We compared results of somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI with those of MR imaging alone and assessed the added value of vertex-to-thigh imaging for head and neck neuroendocrine tumors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Somatostatin receptor–PET/CT was acquired as limited brain or head and neck imaging, with optional vertex-to-thigh imaging, following administration of 64CU/68GA DOTATATE. Somatostatin receptor–PET was fused with separately acquired contrast-enhanced MR imaging. DOTATATE activity was classified as comparable, more extensive, and/or showing additional lesions compared with MR imaging. Vertex-to-thigh findings were classified as positive or negative for metastatic disease or incidental.

RESULTS: Thirty patients (with 13 meningiomas, 11 paragangliomas, 1 metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma, 1 middle ear neuroendocrine adenoma, 1 external auditory canal mass, 1 pituitary carcinoma, 1 olfactory neuroblastoma, 1 orbital mass) were imaged. Five had no evidence of somatostatin receptor–positive lesions and were excluded. In 11/25, somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI and MR imaging were comparable. In 7/25, somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI showed more extensive disease, while in 9/25, somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI identified additional lesions. On vertex-to-thigh imaging, 1 of 17 patients was positive for metastatic disease, 8 of 17 were negative, and 8 of 17 demonstrated incidental findings.

CONCLUSIONS: Somatostatin receptor–PET detected additional lesions and more extensive disease than contrast-enhanced MR imaging alone, while vertex-to-thigh imaging showed a low incidence of metastatic disease. Somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI enabled superior anatomic delineation of tumor burden, while any discrepancies were readily addressed. Somatostatin receptor–PET/MRI has the potential to play an important role in presurgical and radiation therapy planning of head and neck neuroendocrine tumors.

FWHM
:   full width at half maximum
HNPGL
:   head and neck paraganglioma
max
:   maximum
NCCN
:   National Comprehensive Cancer Network
NET
:   neuroendocrine tumor
PitNET
:   pituitary neuroendocrine tumor
SSA
:   somatostatin analog
SSTR
:   somatostatin receptor
SUV
:   standard uptake value" />
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Somatostatin Receptor–PET/CT/MRI of Head and Neck Neuroendocrine Tumors</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">J.N. Rini</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">G. Keir</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">C. Caravella</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">A. Goenka</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">A.M. Franceschi</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">August 2023,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">44 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(8) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">959-966; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A7934 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-103491--6518735554" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.N. Rini </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Nuclear Medicine Division (J.N.R., G.K., C.C.), Department of Radiology</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.N.%2BRini%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Rini%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.N.%2BRini%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1173-8035" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for J.N. Rini</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">G. Keir </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Nuclear Medicine Division (J.N.R., G.K., C.C.), Department of Radiology</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=G.%2BKeir%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Keir%20G&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AG.%2BKeir%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7597-8378" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for G. Keir</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C. Caravella </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>a</span>From the Nuclear Medicine Division (J.N.R., G.K., C.C.), Department of Radiology</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.%2BCaravella%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Caravella%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.%2BCaravella%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7156-2658" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for C. Caravella</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Goenka </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>b</span>Department of Radiation Oncology (A.G.), Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BGoenka%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Goenka%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BGoenka%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-2307" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A. Goenka</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.M. Franceschi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'><span class='nlm-sup'>c</span>Neuroradiology Division (A.M.F.), Department of Radiology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.M.%2BFranceschi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Franceschi%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.M.%2BFranceschi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2577-9738" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for A.M. 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href="#xref-ref-41-1" title="View reference 41. in text" id="ref-41">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-44.8.959.41" data-doi="10.1097/RLU.0000000000000462"><div class="cit-metadata"><ol class="cit-auth-list"><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Xiao</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">J</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Zhu</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">Z</span></span>, </li><li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Zhong</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">D</span></span>, <span class="cit-etal">et al</span></li></ol><cite>. <span class="cit-article-title">Improvement in diagnosis of metastatic pituitary carcinoma by <sup>68</sup>Ga DOTATATE PET/CT</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Clin Nucl Med</abbr> <span class="cit-pub-date">2015</span>;<span class="cit-vol">40</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">129</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">31</span><span 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        	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">Vol. 44</span>, <span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">Issue 8 </span><div  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pubdate highwire-cite-metadata">1 Aug 2023 </div></div>
      
      
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Somatostatin Receptor–PET/CT/MRI of Head and Neck Neuroendocrine Tumors</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.N.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Rini</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Keir</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Caravella</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Goenka</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Franceschi</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Aug 2023, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">44 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(8) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">959-966; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A7934 </span></div>
  
  
  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Somatostatin Receptor–PET/CT/MRI of Head and Neck Neuroendocrine Tumors</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.N.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Rini</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">G.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Keir</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">C.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Caravella</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Goenka</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">A.M.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Franceschi</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Aug 2023, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">44 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(8) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">959-966; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A7934 </span></div>
  
  
  
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