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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Multicontrast MR Imaging at 7T in Multiple Sclerosis: Highest Lesion Detection in Cortical Gray Matter with 3D-FLAIR" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A3289" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2012-10-04" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2013 American Society of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.AccessRights" content="restricted" />
<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: 7T MR imaging has led to improved detection and classification of cortical MS lesions, mainly based on T2*-weighted gradient-echo sequences. Depiction of cortical GM by using the recommended MS imaging protocol has not yet been investigated at 7T. We aimed to investigate prospectively which recommended sequence for clinical use has the highest value at 7T, in terms of GM and WM lesion detection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with MS (mean age, 43.8 years; 25 women) and 7 healthy controls (mean age, 40.4 years; 5 women) underwent multicontrast 7T MR imaging including the recommended clinical 2D-T2WI, 3D-T1WI, 3D-FLAIR, and GMspecific 3D-DIR. Lesions were scored and categorized anatomically by 3 raters, in consensus. The value of sequences was evaluated lesion-wise and patient-wise (Wilcoxon signed-rank test).

RESULTS: At 7T, 3D-FLAIR detected the highest number of total cortical GM lesions (217), 89% more than 3D-DIR and 87% and 224% more than 2D-T2WI and 3D-T1WI. Patient-wise analysis showed that this difference between 3D-FLAIR and 3D-DIR was statistically significant ( P &lt;.04), and most pronounced for the number of mixed lesions ( P &lt;.03). 3D-FLAIR also detected the highest number of total WM lesions (2605), but the difference with 3D-DIR and 3D-T1WI was not significant.

CONCLUSIONS: When using recommended clinical sequences at 7T, the best way to detect corticalGMlesions is with 3D-FLAIR and not by GM-specific 3D-DIR or by conventional 2D-T2WI and 3D-T1WI sequences.

### Abbreviations

2D-T2WI
:   2D dual-echo T2-weighted
DIR
:   double inversion recovery
GM
:   gray matter
MAGNIMS
:   Magnetic Imaging in MS
mixed
:   mixed GM/WM matter" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="I.D. Kilsdonk" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="W.L. de Graaf" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A. Lopez Soriano" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.J. Zwanenburg" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="F. Visser" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.P.A. Kuijer" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.J.G. Geurts" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P.J.W. Pouwels" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C.H. Polman" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.A. Castelijns" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="P.R. Luijten" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="F. Barkhof" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="M.P. Wattjes" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2012-10-04" />
<meta name="article:section" content="BRAIN" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Multicontrast MR Imaging at 7T in Multiple Sclerosis: Highest Lesion Detection in Cortical Gray Matter with 3D-FLAIR" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;7T MR imaging has led to improved detection and classification of cortical MS lesions, mainly based on T2*-weighted gradient-echo sequences. Depiction of cortical GM by using the recommended MS imaging protocol has not yet been investigated at 7T. We aimed to investigate prospectively which recommended sequence for clinical use has the highest value at 7T, in terms of GM and WM lesion detection.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Thirty-seven patients with MS (mean age, 43.8 years; 25 women) and 7 healthy controls (mean age, 40.4 years; 5 women) underwent multicontrast 7T MR imaging including the recommended clinical 2D-T2WI, 3D-T1WI, 3D-FLAIR, and GMspecific 3D-DIR. Lesions were scored and categorized anatomically by 3 raters, in consensus. The value of sequences was evaluated lesion-wise and patient-wise (Wilcoxon signed-rank test).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;At 7T, 3D-FLAIR detected the highest number of total cortical GM lesions (217), 89% more than 3D-DIR and 87% and 224% more than 2D-T2WI and 3D-T1WI. Patient-wise analysis showed that this difference between 3D-FLAIR and 3D-DIR was statistically significant (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.04), and most pronounced for the number of mixed lesions (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;lt;.03). 3D-FLAIR also detected the highest number of total WM lesions (2605), but the difference with 3D-DIR and 3D-T1WI was not significant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;When using recommended clinical sequences at 7T, the best way to detect corticalGMlesions is with 3D-FLAIR and not by GM-specific 3D-DIR or by conventional 2D-T2WI and 3D-T1WI sequences.&lt;/p&gt;" />
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2012/10/04" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="I.D. Kilsdonk" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="W.L. de Graaf" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="A. Lopez Soriano" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="J.J. Zwanenburg" />
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<meta name="citation_author" content="F. Visser" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="J.P.A. Kuijer" />
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Multicontrast MR Imaging at 7T in Multiple Sclerosis: Highest Lesion Detection in Cortical Gray Matter with 3D-FLAIR" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" />
<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: 7T MR imaging has led to improved detection and classification of cortical MS lesions, mainly based on T2*-weighted gradient-echo sequences. Depiction of cortical GM by using the recommended MS imaging protocol has not yet been investigated at 7T. We aimed to investigate prospectively which recommended sequence for clinical use has the highest value at 7T, in terms of GM and WM lesion detection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with MS (mean age, 43.8 years; 25 women) and 7 healthy controls (mean age, 40.4 years; 5 women) underwent multicontrast 7T MR imaging including the recommended clinical 2D-T2WI, 3D-T1WI, 3D-FLAIR, and GMspecific 3D-DIR. Lesions were scored and categorized anatomically by 3 raters, in consensus. The value of sequences was evaluated lesion-wise and patient-wise (Wilcoxon signed-rank test).

RESULTS: At 7T, 3D-FLAIR detected the highest number of total cortical GM lesions (217), 89% more than 3D-DIR and 87% and 224% more than 2D-T2WI and 3D-T1WI. Patient-wise analysis showed that this difference between 3D-FLAIR and 3D-DIR was statistically significant ( P &lt;.04), and most pronounced for the number of mixed lesions ( P &lt;.03). 3D-FLAIR also detected the highest number of total WM lesions (2605), but the difference with 3D-DIR and 3D-T1WI was not significant.

CONCLUSIONS: When using recommended clinical sequences at 7T, the best way to detect corticalGMlesions is with 3D-FLAIR and not by GM-specific 3D-DIR or by conventional 2D-T2WI and 3D-T1WI sequences.

### Abbreviations

2D-T2WI
:   2D dual-echo T2-weighted
DIR
:   double inversion recovery
GM
:   gray matter
MAGNIMS
:   Magnetic Imaging in MS
mixed
:   mixed GM/WM matter" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Multicontrast MR Imaging at 7T in Multiple Sclerosis: Highest Lesion Detection in Cortical Gray Matter with 3D-FLAIR" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/early/2012/10/04/ajnr.A3289" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: 7T MR imaging has led to improved detection and classification of cortical MS lesions, mainly based on T2*-weighted gradient-echo sequences. Depiction of cortical GM by using the recommended MS imaging protocol has not yet been investigated at 7T. We aimed to investigate prospectively which recommended sequence for clinical use has the highest value at 7T, in terms of GM and WM lesion detection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with MS (mean age, 43.8 years; 25 women) and 7 healthy controls (mean age, 40.4 years; 5 women) underwent multicontrast 7T MR imaging including the recommended clinical 2D-T2WI, 3D-T1WI, 3D-FLAIR, and GMspecific 3D-DIR. Lesions were scored and categorized anatomically by 3 raters, in consensus. The value of sequences was evaluated lesion-wise and patient-wise (Wilcoxon signed-rank test).

RESULTS: At 7T, 3D-FLAIR detected the highest number of total cortical GM lesions (217), 89% more than 3D-DIR and 87% and 224% more than 2D-T2WI and 3D-T1WI. Patient-wise analysis showed that this difference between 3D-FLAIR and 3D-DIR was statistically significant ( P &lt;.04), and most pronounced for the number of mixed lesions ( P &lt;.03). 3D-FLAIR also detected the highest number of total WM lesions (2605), but the difference with 3D-DIR and 3D-T1WI was not significant.

CONCLUSIONS: When using recommended clinical sequences at 7T, the best way to detect corticalGMlesions is with 3D-FLAIR and not by GM-specific 3D-DIR or by conventional 2D-T2WI and 3D-T1WI sequences.

### Abbreviations

2D-T2WI
:   2D dual-echo T2-weighted
DIR
:   double inversion recovery
GM
:   gray matter
MAGNIMS
:   Magnetic Imaging in MS
mixed
:   mixed GM/WM matter" />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node50049--5" data-node-nid="50049" id="top-node-50049--6322018127" data-pisa="ajnr;ajnr.A3289v1" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A3289" data-apath="/ajnr/early/2012/10/04/ajnr.A3289.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">BRAIN</span></span></div>
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Multicontrast MR Imaging at 7T in Multiple Sclerosis: Highest Lesion Detection in Cortical Gray Matter with 3D-FLAIR</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">I.D. Kilsdonk</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">W.L. de Graaf</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">A. Lopez Soriano</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">J.J. Zwanenburg</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">F. Visser</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">J.P.A. Kuijer</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">J.J.G. Geurts</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">P.J.W. Pouwels</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">C.H. Polman</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9">J.A. Castelijns</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10">P.R. Luijten</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="11">F. Barkhof</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="12">M.P. Wattjes</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">October 2012,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3289 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-50049--6322018127" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">I.D. Kilsdonk </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=I.D.%2BKilsdonk%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Kilsdonk%20I&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AI.D.%2BKilsdonk%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">W.L. de Graaf </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=W.L.%2Bde%2BGraaf%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=de%20Graaf%20W&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AW.L.%2Bde%2BGraaf%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A. Lopez Soriano </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.%2BLopez%2BSoriano%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Lopez%20Soriano%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.%2BLopez%2BSoriano%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.J. Zwanenburg </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.J.%2BZwanenburg%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Zwanenburg%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.J.%2BZwanenburg%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">F. Visser </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=F.%2BVisser%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Visser%20F&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AF.%2BVisser%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.P.A. Kuijer </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.P.A.%2BKuijer%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Kuijer%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.P.A.%2BKuijer%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.J.G. Geurts </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.J.G.%2BGeurts%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Geurts%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.J.G.%2BGeurts%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">P.J.W. Pouwels </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.J.W.%2BPouwels%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Pouwels%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.J.W.%2BPouwels%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-8"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C.H. Polman </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.H.%2BPolman%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Polman%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.H.%2BPolman%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-9"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.A. Castelijns </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.A.%2BCastelijns%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Castelijns%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.A.%2BCastelijns%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-10"><div class="author-tooltip-name">P.R. Luijten </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.R.%2BLuijten%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Luijten%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.R.%2BLuijten%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-11"><div class="author-tooltip-name">F. 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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="content-block-markup" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><div xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="contributors"><ol class="contributor-list" id="contrib-group-1"><li class="contributor" id="contrib-1"><span class="name">I.D. Kilsdonk</span><a id="xref-aff-1-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-2"><span class="name">W.L. de Graaf</span><a id="xref-aff-1-2" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-3"><span class="name">A. Lopez Soriano</span><a id="xref-aff-1-3" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-4"><span class="name">J.J. Zwanenburg</span><a id="xref-aff-1-4" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-5"><span class="name">F. Visser</span><a id="xref-aff-1-5" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-6"><span class="name">J.P.A. Kuijer</span><a id="xref-aff-1-6" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-7"><span class="name">J.J.G. Geurts</span><a id="xref-aff-1-7" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-8"><span class="name">P.J.W. Pouwels</span><a id="xref-aff-1-8" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-9"><span class="name">C.H. Polman</span><a id="xref-aff-1-9" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-10"><span class="name">J.A. Castelijns</span><a id="xref-aff-1-10" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-11"><span class="name">P.R. Luijten</span><a id="xref-aff-1-11" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-12"><span class="name">F. Barkhof</span><a id="xref-aff-1-12" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a> and </li><li class="last" id="contrib-13"><span class="name">M.P. Wattjes</span><a id="xref-aff-1-13" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a></li></ol><ol class="affiliation-list"><li class="aff"><a id="aff-1" name="aff-1"></a><address>From the Departments of Radiology (I.D.K., W.L.d.G., A.L.S., J.A.C., F.B., M.P.W.), Physics and Medical Technology (J.P.A.K., P.J.W.P.), Anatomy and Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neuroscience (J.J.G.G.), and Neurology (C.H.P.), VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Radiology (J.J.Z., F.V., P.R.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.</address></li></ol><ol class="corresp-list"><li class="corresp" id="corresp-1">Please address correspondence to Iris D. Kilsdonk, Department of Radiology, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands; e-mail: <span class="em-link"><span class="em-addr">i.kilsdonk{at}vumc.nl</span></span></li></ol></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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