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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Multicenter, Intraindividual Comparison of Single-Dose Gadobenate Dimeglumine and Double-Dose Gadopentetate Dimeglumine for MR Angiography of the Supra-Aortic Arteries (the Supra-Aortic Value Study)" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A3298" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2012-10-04" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Gadobenate dimeglumine has markedly higher R1 relaxivity compared to gadopentetate dimeglumine meaning that lower doses can be used to achieve similar contrast enhancement. Our aim was to prospectively compare single-dose gadobenate dimeglumine with double-dose gadopentetate dimeglumine for contrast-enhanced MRA of the supra-aortic vasculature.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six patients (37 men, 9 women; mean age, 63.5±10.1 years) with known or suspected steno-occlusive disease of the supra-aortic vessels underwent 2 identical CE-MRA examinations at 1.5T. Contrast agents were administered in randomized order, with the 2-fold greater volume of gadopentetate dimeglumine injected at a 2 times faster rate. Image assessment was performed by 3 independent blinded readers for vessel anatomic delineation, detection/exclusion of pathology, and global preference. Diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV) for detection of ≥60% stenosis was determined for 39/46 patients who underwent preinterventional DSA. Data were analyzed by using the Wilcoxon signed-rank, McNemar, and Wald tests in terms of the noninferiority of single-dose gadobenate dimeglumine compared with double-dose gadopentetate dimeglumine. Quantitative enhancement (signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR)) was also compared.

RESULTS: All images were technically adequate. No differences ( P = 1.0) were noted by any reader for any qualitative parameter. All readers considered single-dose gadobenate dimeglumine and double-dose gadopentetate dimeglumine equivalent in at least 42/46 patients (91.3% three-reader agreement) for all parameters. Nonsignificant superiority for gadobenate dimeglumine was reported for all diagnostic performance indicators (sensitivity: 82.7%– 88.5% versus 75.0%– 80.8%; specificity: 96.4%–98.6% versus 94.6%–98.6%; accuracy: 94.6%–96.1% versus 92.4%–94.9%; PPV: 81.5%–91.5% versus 73.7%–90.7%; NPV: 96.8%–97.8% versus 95.4%–96.4%). No differences ( P &gt;.05) in quantitative enhancement were noted.

CONCLUSIONS: The image quality and diagnostic performance achieved with 0.1-mmol/kg gadobenate dimeglumine is at least equivalent to that achieved with 0.2-mmol/kg gadopentetate dimeglumine.

### Abbreviations

CE-MRA
:   contrast-enhanced MRA
CI
:   confidence interval
MIP
:   maximum intensity projection
NPV
:   negative predictive value
PPV
:   positive predictive value" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Yanjun Li" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="X. Li" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="D. Li" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J. Lu" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="X. Xing" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="F. Yan" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Yuan Li" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="X. Wang" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="R. Iezzi" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="F. De Cobelli" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2012-10-04" />
<meta name="article:section" content="EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Multicenter, Intraindividual Comparison of Single-Dose Gadobenate Dimeglumine and Double-Dose Gadopentetate Dimeglumine for MR Angiography of the Supra-Aortic Arteries (the Supra-Aortic Value Study)" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Gadobenate dimeglumine has markedly higher R1 relaxivity compared to gadopentetate dimeglumine meaning that lower doses can be used to achieve similar contrast enhancement. Our aim was to prospectively compare single-dose gadobenate dimeglumine with double-dose gadopentetate dimeglumine for contrast-enhanced MRA of the supra-aortic vasculature.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Forty-six patients (37 men, 9 women; mean age, 63.5±10.1 years) with known or suspected steno-occlusive disease of the supra-aortic vessels underwent 2 identical CE-MRA examinations at 1.5T. Contrast agents were administered in randomized order, with the 2-fold greater volume of gadopentetate dimeglumine injected at a 2 times faster rate. Image assessment was performed by 3 independent blinded readers for vessel anatomic delineation, detection/exclusion of pathology, and global preference. Diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV) for detection of ≥60% stenosis was determined for 39/46 patients who underwent preinterventional DSA. Data were analyzed by using the Wilcoxon signed-rank, McNemar, and Wald tests in terms of the noninferiority of single-dose gadobenate dimeglumine compared with double-dose gadopentetate dimeglumine. Quantitative enhancement (signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR)) was also compared.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;All images were technically adequate. No differences (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 1.0) were noted by any reader for any qualitative parameter. All readers considered single-dose gadobenate dimeglumine and double-dose gadopentetate dimeglumine equivalent in at least 42/46 patients (91.3% three-reader agreement) for all parameters. Nonsignificant superiority for gadobenate dimeglumine was reported for all diagnostic performance indicators (sensitivity: 82.7%– 88.5% versus 75.0%– 80.8%; specificity: 96.4%–98.6% versus 94.6%–98.6%; accuracy: 94.6%–96.1% versus 92.4%–94.9%; PPV: 81.5%–91.5% versus 73.7%–90.7%; NPV: 96.8%–97.8% versus 95.4%–96.4%). No differences (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&amp;gt;.05) in quantitative enhancement were noted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The image quality and diagnostic performance achieved with 0.1-mmol/kg gadobenate dimeglumine is at least equivalent to that achieved with 0.2-mmol/kg gadopentetate dimeglumine.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="X. Wang" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="R. Iezzi" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="F. De Cobelli" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy." />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Multicenter, Intraindividual Comparison of Single-Dose Gadobenate Dimeglumine and Double-Dose Gadopentetate Dimeglumine for MR Angiography of the Supra-Aortic Arteries (the Supra-Aortic Value Study)" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Gadobenate dimeglumine has markedly higher R1 relaxivity compared to gadopentetate dimeglumine meaning that lower doses can be used to achieve similar contrast enhancement. Our aim was to prospectively compare single-dose gadobenate dimeglumine with double-dose gadopentetate dimeglumine for contrast-enhanced MRA of the supra-aortic vasculature.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six patients (37 men, 9 women; mean age, 63.5±10.1 years) with known or suspected steno-occlusive disease of the supra-aortic vessels underwent 2 identical CE-MRA examinations at 1.5T. Contrast agents were administered in randomized order, with the 2-fold greater volume of gadopentetate dimeglumine injected at a 2 times faster rate. Image assessment was performed by 3 independent blinded readers for vessel anatomic delineation, detection/exclusion of pathology, and global preference. Diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV) for detection of ≥60% stenosis was determined for 39/46 patients who underwent preinterventional DSA. Data were analyzed by using the Wilcoxon signed-rank, McNemar, and Wald tests in terms of the noninferiority of single-dose gadobenate dimeglumine compared with double-dose gadopentetate dimeglumine. Quantitative enhancement (signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR)) was also compared.

RESULTS: All images were technically adequate. No differences ( P = 1.0) were noted by any reader for any qualitative parameter. All readers considered single-dose gadobenate dimeglumine and double-dose gadopentetate dimeglumine equivalent in at least 42/46 patients (91.3% three-reader agreement) for all parameters. Nonsignificant superiority for gadobenate dimeglumine was reported for all diagnostic performance indicators (sensitivity: 82.7%– 88.5% versus 75.0%– 80.8%; specificity: 96.4%–98.6% versus 94.6%–98.6%; accuracy: 94.6%–96.1% versus 92.4%–94.9%; PPV: 81.5%–91.5% versus 73.7%–90.7%; NPV: 96.8%–97.8% versus 95.4%–96.4%). No differences ( P &gt;.05) in quantitative enhancement were noted.

CONCLUSIONS: The image quality and diagnostic performance achieved with 0.1-mmol/kg gadobenate dimeglumine is at least equivalent to that achieved with 0.2-mmol/kg gadopentetate dimeglumine.

### Abbreviations

CE-MRA
:   contrast-enhanced MRA
CI
:   confidence interval
MIP
:   maximum intensity projection
NPV
:   negative predictive value
PPV
:   positive predictive value" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Multicenter, Intraindividual Comparison of Single-Dose Gadobenate Dimeglumine and Double-Dose Gadopentetate Dimeglumine for MR Angiography of the Supra-Aortic Arteries (the Supra-Aortic Value Study)" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/early/2012/10/04/ajnr.A3298" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Gadobenate dimeglumine has markedly higher R1 relaxivity compared to gadopentetate dimeglumine meaning that lower doses can be used to achieve similar contrast enhancement. Our aim was to prospectively compare single-dose gadobenate dimeglumine with double-dose gadopentetate dimeglumine for contrast-enhanced MRA of the supra-aortic vasculature.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six patients (37 men, 9 women; mean age, 63.5±10.1 years) with known or suspected steno-occlusive disease of the supra-aortic vessels underwent 2 identical CE-MRA examinations at 1.5T. Contrast agents were administered in randomized order, with the 2-fold greater volume of gadopentetate dimeglumine injected at a 2 times faster rate. Image assessment was performed by 3 independent blinded readers for vessel anatomic delineation, detection/exclusion of pathology, and global preference. Diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV) for detection of ≥60% stenosis was determined for 39/46 patients who underwent preinterventional DSA. Data were analyzed by using the Wilcoxon signed-rank, McNemar, and Wald tests in terms of the noninferiority of single-dose gadobenate dimeglumine compared with double-dose gadopentetate dimeglumine. Quantitative enhancement (signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR)) was also compared.

RESULTS: All images were technically adequate. No differences ( P = 1.0) were noted by any reader for any qualitative parameter. All readers considered single-dose gadobenate dimeglumine and double-dose gadopentetate dimeglumine equivalent in at least 42/46 patients (91.3% three-reader agreement) for all parameters. Nonsignificant superiority for gadobenate dimeglumine was reported for all diagnostic performance indicators (sensitivity: 82.7%– 88.5% versus 75.0%– 80.8%; specificity: 96.4%–98.6% versus 94.6%–98.6%; accuracy: 94.6%–96.1% versus 92.4%–94.9%; PPV: 81.5%–91.5% versus 73.7%–90.7%; NPV: 96.8%–97.8% versus 95.4%–96.4%). No differences ( P &gt;.05) in quantitative enhancement were noted.

CONCLUSIONS: The image quality and diagnostic performance achieved with 0.1-mmol/kg gadobenate dimeglumine is at least equivalent to that achieved with 0.2-mmol/kg gadopentetate dimeglumine.

### Abbreviations

CE-MRA
:   contrast-enhanced MRA
CI
:   confidence interval
MIP
:   maximum intensity projection
NPV
:   negative predictive value
PPV
:   positive predictive value" />
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    <title>Multicenter, Intraindividual Comparison of Single-Dose Gadobenate Dimeglumine and Double-Dose Gadopentetate Dimeglumine for MR Angiography of the Supra-Aortic Arteries (the Supra-Aortic Value Study) | American Journal of Neuroradiology</title>  
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      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">EXTRACRANIAL VASCULAR</span></span></div>
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Multicenter, Intraindividual Comparison of Single-Dose Gadobenate Dimeglumine and Double-Dose Gadopentetate Dimeglumine for MR Angiography of the Supra-Aortic Arteries (the Supra-Aortic Value Study)</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">Yanjun Li</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">X. Li</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">D. Li</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">J. Lu</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">X. Xing</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">F. Yan</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">Yuan Li</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">X. Wang</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">R. Iezzi</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9">F. De Cobelli</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">October 2012,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3298 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-50053--81023778461" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Yanjun Li </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Yanjun%2BLi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Li%20Y&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AYanjun%2BLi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">X. Li </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=X.%2BLi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Li%20X&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AX.%2BLi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">D. Li </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=D.%2BLi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Li%20D&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AD.%2BLi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J. Lu </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.%2BLu%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Lu%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.%2BLu%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">X. Xing </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=X.%2BXing%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Xing%20X&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AX.%2BXing%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">F. Yan </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=F.%2BYan%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Yan%20F&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AF.%2BYan%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">Yuan Li </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=Yuan%2BLi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Li%20Y&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AYuan%2BLi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">X. Wang </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=X.%2BWang%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Wang%20X&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AX.%2BWang%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-8"><div class="author-tooltip-name">R. Iezzi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=R.%2BIezzi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Iezzi%20R&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AR.%2BIezzi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-9"><div class="author-tooltip-name">F. De Cobelli </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=F.%2BDe%2BCobelli%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=De%20Cobelli%20F&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AF.%2BDe%2BCobelli%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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    <div class="highwire-markup"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="content-block-markup" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><div xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="contributors"><ol class="contributor-list" id="contrib-group-1"><li class="contributor" id="contrib-1"><span class="name">Yanjun Li</span><a id="xref-aff-1-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-2"><span class="name">X. Li</span><a id="xref-aff-1-2" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-3"><span class="name">D. Li</span><a id="xref-aff-1-3" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-4"><span class="name">J. Lu</span><a id="xref-aff-1-4" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-5"><span class="name">X. Xing</span><a id="xref-aff-1-5" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-6"><span class="name">F. Yan</span><a id="xref-aff-1-6" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-7"><span class="name">Yuan Li</span><a id="xref-aff-1-7" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-8"><span class="name">X. Wang</span><a id="xref-aff-1-8" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a>, </li><li class="contributor" id="contrib-9"><span class="name">R. Iezzi</span><a id="xref-aff-1-9" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a> and </li><li class="last" id="contrib-10"><span class="name">F. De Cobelli</span><a id="xref-aff-1-10" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"></a></li></ol><ol class="affiliation-list"><li class="aff"><a id="aff-1" name="aff-1"></a><address>From the Department of Radiology (Yanjun L., J.L.), Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China; Peking University Third Hospital (X.L., X.X.), Beijing, China; Anhui Provincial Hospital (D.L.), Anhui Province, China; Ruijin  Hospital (F.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (Yuan L.), Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Radiology (X.W.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences, (R.I.), Institute of Radiology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy; and Radiologia Diagnostica, UO di Risonanza Magnetica (F.D.C.), Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.</address></li></ol><ol class="corresp-list"><li class="corresp" id="corresp-1">Please address correspondence to Jianping Lu, MD, Department of Radiology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, 168 Changhai Rd, Shanghai 200433, China; e-mail: <span class="em-link"><span class="em-addr">cjr.lujianping{at}vip.163.com</span></span></li></ol></div></div></div>  </div>

  
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Oct 2012, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A3298 </span></div>
  
  
  
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