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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Clinical Experience with Endovascular Treatment as a Primary Therapy at 2 Academic Referral Centers" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="10.3174/ajnr.A3522" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2013-04-25" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="© 2013 American Society of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas are a rare entity that, if left untreated, can lead to considerable morbidity with progressive spinal cord symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas that were primarily treated with endovascular embolization.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of all patients from 1997–2010 who underwent treatment at 2 academic referral centers for a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula. Follow-up was performed by clinical examination, and functional status was measured by use of the Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale, McCormick classification grading, and mRS scores. The nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare pretreatment and posttreatment Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale gait and micturition scores, McCormick classification grading, and mRS scores. P values &lt; .05 were considered significant.

RESULTS: A total of 38 patients were included. Five patients (2 endovascular, 3 surgical) were lost to follow-up and therefore were excluded from the analysis, 29 patients were initially treated from an endovascular approach (9 Onyx, 20 cyanoacrylate), and 4 patients were treated from a standard surgical approach. Five patients in the endovascular group subsequently underwent surgery for various reasons. The clinical improvements in the Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale gait and micturition scores, McCormick classification grading, and the mRS scores were statistically significant ( P &lt; .05, Wilcoxon signed rank test).

CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that endovascular treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas can result in good clinical outcomes. Surgery remains the treatment of choice when safe embolization of the proximal radicular draining vein cannot be obtained or because the shunting artery of the spinal dural arteriovenous fistula also supplies the anterior spinal, posterior spinal, or a radiculomedullary artery.

### Abbreviations

ALS
:   Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale
MC
:   McCormick classification
mRS
:   modified Rankin Scale
SDAVF
:   spinal dural arteriovenous fistula" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="J.J. Gemmete" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="N. Chaudhary" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.E. Elias" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.K. Toma" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="A.S. Pandey" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="R.A. Parker" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="I. Davagnanam" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C.O. Maher" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="S. Brew" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="F. Robertson" />
<meta name="article:published_time" content="2013-04-25" />
<meta name="article:section" content="INTERVENTIONAL" />
<meta name="citation_title" content="Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Clinical Experience with Endovascular Treatment as a Primary Therapy at 2 Academic Referral Centers" />
<meta name="citation_abstract" lang="en" content="&lt;h3&gt;BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas are a rare entity that, if left untreated, can lead to considerable morbidity with progressive spinal cord symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas that were primarily treated with endovascular embolization.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;MATERIALS AND METHODS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A retrospective review was performed of all patients from 1997–2010 who underwent treatment at 2 academic referral centers for a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula. Follow-up was performed by clinical examination, and functional status was measured by use of the Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale, McCormick classification grading, and mRS scores. The nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare pretreatment and posttreatment Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale gait and micturition scores, McCormick classification grading, and mRS scores. &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; values &amp;lt; .05 were considered significant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A total of 38 patients were included. Five patients (2 endovascular, 3 surgical) were lost to follow-up and therefore were excluded from the analysis, 29 patients were initially treated from an endovascular approach (9 Onyx, 20 cyanoacrylate), and 4 patients were treated from a standard surgical approach. Five patients in the endovascular group subsequently underwent surgery for various reasons. The clinical improvements in the Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale gait and micturition scores, McCormick classification grading, and the mRS scores were statistically significant (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &amp;lt; .05, Wilcoxon signed rank test).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;CONCLUSIONS:&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We conclude that endovascular treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas can result in good clinical outcomes. Surgery remains the treatment of choice when safe embolization of the proximal radicular draining vein cannot be obtained or because the shunting artery of the spinal dural arteriovenous fistula also supplies the anterior spinal, posterior spinal, or a radiculomedullary artery.&lt;/p&gt;" />
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
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<meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2013/04/25" />
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<meta name="citation_section" content="INTERVENTIONAL" />
<meta name="citation_author" content="J.J. Gemmete" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology &amp; Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="N. Chaudhary" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology &amp; Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="A.E. Elias" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology &amp; Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="A.K. Toma" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology &amp; Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="A.S. Pandey" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology &amp; Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="R.A. Parker" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology &amp; Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="I. Davagnanam" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology &amp; Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="C.O. Maher" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology &amp; Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="S. Brew" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology &amp; Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan." />
<meta name="citation_author" content="F. Robertson" />
<meta name="citation_author_institution" content="From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology &amp; Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan." />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Clinical Experience with Endovascular Treatment as a Primary Therapy at 2 Academic Referral Centers" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" />
<meta name="twitter:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas are a rare entity that, if left untreated, can lead to considerable morbidity with progressive spinal cord symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas that were primarily treated with endovascular embolization.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of all patients from 1997–2010 who underwent treatment at 2 academic referral centers for a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula. Follow-up was performed by clinical examination, and functional status was measured by use of the Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale, McCormick classification grading, and mRS scores. The nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare pretreatment and posttreatment Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale gait and micturition scores, McCormick classification grading, and mRS scores. P values &lt; .05 were considered significant.

RESULTS: A total of 38 patients were included. Five patients (2 endovascular, 3 surgical) were lost to follow-up and therefore were excluded from the analysis, 29 patients were initially treated from an endovascular approach (9 Onyx, 20 cyanoacrylate), and 4 patients were treated from a standard surgical approach. Five patients in the endovascular group subsequently underwent surgery for various reasons. The clinical improvements in the Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale gait and micturition scores, McCormick classification grading, and the mRS scores were statistically significant ( P &lt; .05, Wilcoxon signed rank test).

CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that endovascular treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas can result in good clinical outcomes. Surgery remains the treatment of choice when safe embolization of the proximal radicular draining vein cannot be obtained or because the shunting artery of the spinal dural arteriovenous fistula also supplies the anterior spinal, posterior spinal, or a radiculomedullary artery.

### Abbreviations

ALS
:   Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale
MC
:   McCormick classification
mRS
:   modified Rankin Scale
SDAVF
:   spinal dural arteriovenous fistula" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Clinical Experience with Endovascular Treatment as a Primary Therapy at 2 Academic Referral Centers" />
<meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="http://ajnr-stage2.stage.highwire.org/content/early/2013/04/25/ajnr.A3522" />
<meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="American Journal of Neuroradiology" />
<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas are a rare entity that, if left untreated, can lead to considerable morbidity with progressive spinal cord symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas that were primarily treated with endovascular embolization.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of all patients from 1997–2010 who underwent treatment at 2 academic referral centers for a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula. Follow-up was performed by clinical examination, and functional status was measured by use of the Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale, McCormick classification grading, and mRS scores. The nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare pretreatment and posttreatment Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale gait and micturition scores, McCormick classification grading, and mRS scores. P values &lt; .05 were considered significant.

RESULTS: A total of 38 patients were included. Five patients (2 endovascular, 3 surgical) were lost to follow-up and therefore were excluded from the analysis, 29 patients were initially treated from an endovascular approach (9 Onyx, 20 cyanoacrylate), and 4 patients were treated from a standard surgical approach. Five patients in the endovascular group subsequently underwent surgery for various reasons. The clinical improvements in the Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale gait and micturition scores, McCormick classification grading, and the mRS scores were statistically significant ( P &lt; .05, Wilcoxon signed rank test).

CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that endovascular treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas can result in good clinical outcomes. Surgery remains the treatment of choice when safe embolization of the proximal radicular draining vein cannot be obtained or because the shunting artery of the spinal dural arteriovenous fistula also supplies the anterior spinal, posterior spinal, or a radiculomedullary artery.

### Abbreviations

ALS
:   Aminoff-Logue Disability Scale
MC
:   McCormick classification
mRS
:   modified Rankin Scale
SDAVF
:   spinal dural arteriovenous fistula" />
<meta name="og-type" property="og:type" content="article" />
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    <div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node50210--5" data-node-nid="50210" id="top-node-50210--61614088744" data-pisa="ajnr;ajnr.A3522v1" data-pisa-master="ajnr;ajnr.A3522" data-apath="/ajnr/early/2013/04/25/ajnr.A3522.atom" data-hw-author-tooltip-instance="highwire_author_tooltip"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-jcore-article-title-complete clearfix has-author-tooltip highwire-citation-highwire-article-top-a">
  
  
      <div class="highwire-cite-overline"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-article-type highwire-cite-metadata">Research Article</span><span class="separator-pipe"></span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-art-cat highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="wrapper">INTERVENTIONAL</span></span></div>
  
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      <h1 class="highwire-cite-title" id="page-title">Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Clinical Experience with Endovascular Treatment as a Primary Therapy at 2 Academic Referral Centers</h1>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">J.J. Gemmete</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">N. Chaudhary</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">A.E. Elias</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">A.K. Toma</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">A.S. Pandey</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">R.A. Parker</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">I. Davagnanam</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">C.O. Maher</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">S. Brew</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9">F. Robertson</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">April 2013,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3522 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-50210--61614088744" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">J.J. Gemmete </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=J.J.%2BGemmete%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Gemmete%20J&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AJ.J.%2BGemmete%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">N. Chaudhary </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=N.%2BChaudhary%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Chaudhary%20N&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AN.%2BChaudhary%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.E. Elias </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.E.%2BElias%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Elias%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.E.%2BElias%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.K. Toma </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.K.%2BToma%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Toma%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.K.%2BToma%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">A.S. Pandey </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=A.S.%2BPandey%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Pandey%20A&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AA.S.%2BPandey%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">R.A. Parker </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=R.A.%2BParker%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Parker%20R&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AR.A.%2BParker%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">I. Davagnanam </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Departments of Radiology (J.J.G., N.C., A.E.E.) and Neurosurgery (J.J.G., N.C., A.S.P., C.O.M.), University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Departments of Neuroradiology (I.D., S.B., F.R.) and Neurosurgery (A.K.T.), National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biostatistics (R.A.P.), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=I.%2BDavagnanam%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Davagnanam%20I&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link last"><a href="/search/author1%3AI.%2BDavagnanam%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C.O. 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            <h2>Supplemental Online Tables</h2>
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                  <em>Online Table 1:</em> Disability assessment results compared with preintervention function
                  <br/><br/>
                  <em>Online Table 2:</em> MR imaging findings before endovascular embolization in available patients (<em>n</em> = 15)
                  <br/><br/>
                  <em>Online Table 3:</em> MR imaging results at 6-month follow-up in available patients (<em>n</em> = 15)
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                  <em>Online Table 4:</em> Preintervention MR imaging superior extent of cord edema compared with clinical outcome in available patients (<em>n</em> = 15)
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