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<meta name="DC.Title" content="MR Imaging in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Time to Talk" />
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<meta name="DC.Description" content="SUMMARY: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is defined as acute hearing loss of the sensorineural type of at least 30 dB over 3 contiguous frequencies that occurs within a 72-hour period. Although many different causative factors have been proposed, sudden sensorineural hearing loss is still considered “idiopathic” in 71%–85% of cases, and treatments are empiric, not based on etiology. MR imaging implemented with a 3D FLAIR sequence has provided new insights into the etiology of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Herein, we review the current management trends for patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss, from the initial clinical diagnosis to therapeutic strategies and diagnostic work-up. We focused primarily on MR imaging assessment and discuss the relevance that MR imaging findings might have for patient management, pointing out different perspectives for future clinical research.

### Abbreviation

SSHL
:   sudden sensorineural hearing loss" />
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<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="E. Scola" />
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="C. Gavagna" />
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&lt;p&gt;Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is defined as acute hearing loss of the sensorineural type of at least 30 dB over 3 contiguous frequencies that occurs within a 72-hour period. Although many different causative factors have been proposed, sudden sensorineural hearing loss is still considered “idiopathic” in 71%–85% of cases, and treatments are empiric, not based on etiology. MR imaging implemented with a 3D FLAIR sequence has provided new insights into the etiology of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Herein, we review the current management trends for patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss, from the initial clinical diagnosis to therapeutic strategies and diagnostic work-up. We focused primarily on MR imaging assessment and discuss the relevance that MR imaging findings might have for patient management, pointing out different perspectives for future clinical research.&lt;/p&gt;" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="SUMMARY: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is defined as acute hearing loss of the sensorineural type of at least 30 dB over 3 contiguous frequencies that occurs within a 72-hour period. Although many different causative factors have been proposed, sudden sensorineural hearing loss is still considered “idiopathic” in 71%–85% of cases, and treatments are empiric, not based on etiology. MR imaging implemented with a 3D FLAIR sequence has provided new insights into the etiology of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Herein, we review the current management trends for patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss, from the initial clinical diagnosis to therapeutic strategies and diagnostic work-up. We focused primarily on MR imaging assessment and discuss the relevance that MR imaging findings might have for patient management, pointing out different perspectives for future clinical research.

### Abbreviation

SSHL
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### Abbreviation

SSHL
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    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0">G. Conte</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1">F. Di Berardino</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2">C. Sina</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3">D. Zanetti</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4">E. Scola</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5">C. Gavagna</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6">L. Gaini</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7">G. Palumbo</span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8">P. Capaccio</span> and <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9">F. Triulzi</span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">May 2017,  </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata">DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A5230 </span></div>
  
  
  
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<div id="hw-article-author-popups-top-node-54705--61878550695" style="display: none;"><div class="author-tooltip-0"><div class="author-tooltip-name">G. Conte </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Postgraduation School of Radiodiagnostics (G.C.); Audiology (F.D.B., D.Z.), Neuroradiology (C.S., E.S., C.G., F.T.), and Otolaryngology (L.G., P.C.) Units, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; School of Medicine (G.P.), and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (F.T.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=G.%2BConte%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Conte%20G&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AG.%2BConte%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1562-7389" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for G. Conte</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-1"><div class="author-tooltip-name">F. Di Berardino </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Postgraduation School of Radiodiagnostics (G.C.); Audiology (F.D.B., D.Z.), Neuroradiology (C.S., E.S., C.G., F.T.), and Otolaryngology (L.G., P.C.) Units, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; School of Medicine (G.P.), and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (F.T.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=F.%2BDi%2BBerardino%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Di%20Berardino%20F&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AF.%2BDi%2BBerardino%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-5624" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for F. Di Berardino</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-2"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C. Sina </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Postgraduation School of Radiodiagnostics (G.C.); Audiology (F.D.B., D.Z.), Neuroradiology (C.S., E.S., C.G., F.T.), and Otolaryngology (L.G., P.C.) Units, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; School of Medicine (G.P.), and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (F.T.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.%2BSina%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Sina%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.%2BSina%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0605-6262" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for C. Sina</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-3"><div class="author-tooltip-name">D. Zanetti </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Postgraduation School of Radiodiagnostics (G.C.); Audiology (F.D.B., D.Z.), Neuroradiology (C.S., E.S., C.G., F.T.), and Otolaryngology (L.G., P.C.) Units, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; School of Medicine (G.P.), and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (F.T.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=D.%2BZanetti%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Zanetti%20D&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AD.%2BZanetti%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8116-4108" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for D. Zanetti</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-4"><div class="author-tooltip-name">E. Scola </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Postgraduation School of Radiodiagnostics (G.C.); Audiology (F.D.B., D.Z.), Neuroradiology (C.S., E.S., C.G., F.T.), and Otolaryngology (L.G., P.C.) Units, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; School of Medicine (G.P.), and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (F.T.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=E.%2BScola%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Scola%20E&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AE.%2BScola%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9056-4122" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for E. Scola</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-5"><div class="author-tooltip-name">C. Gavagna </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Postgraduation School of Radiodiagnostics (G.C.); Audiology (F.D.B., D.Z.), Neuroradiology (C.S., E.S., C.G., F.T.), and Otolaryngology (L.G., P.C.) Units, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; School of Medicine (G.P.), and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (F.T.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=C.%2BGavagna%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Gavagna%20C&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AC.%2BGavagna%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2984-1631" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for C. Gavagna</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-6"><div class="author-tooltip-name">L. Gaini </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Postgraduation School of Radiodiagnostics (G.C.); Audiology (F.D.B., D.Z.), Neuroradiology (C.S., E.S., C.G., F.T.), and Otolaryngology (L.G., P.C.) Units, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; School of Medicine (G.P.), and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (F.T.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=L.%2BGaini%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Gaini%20L&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AL.%2BGaini%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0882-8892" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for L. Gaini</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-7"><div class="author-tooltip-name">G. Palumbo </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Postgraduation School of Radiodiagnostics (G.C.); Audiology (F.D.B., D.Z.), Neuroradiology (C.S., E.S., C.G., F.T.), and Otolaryngology (L.G., P.C.) Units, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; School of Medicine (G.P.), and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (F.T.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=G.%2BPalumbo%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Palumbo%20G&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AG.%2BPalumbo%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2800-7461" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for G. Palumbo</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-8"><div class="author-tooltip-name">P. Capaccio </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Postgraduation School of Radiodiagnostics (G.C.); Audiology (F.D.B., D.Z.), Neuroradiology (C.S., E.S., C.G., F.T.), and Otolaryngology (L.G., P.C.) Units, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; School of Medicine (G.P.), and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (F.T.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=P.%2BCapaccio%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Capaccio%20P&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AP.%2BCapaccio%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2876-5721" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for P. Capaccio</a></li></ul></div><div class="author-tooltip-9"><div class="author-tooltip-name">F. Triulzi </div><div class="author-tooltip-affiliation"><span class="author-tooltip-text"><div class='author-affiliation'>From the Postgraduation School of Radiodiagnostics (G.C.); Audiology (F.D.B., D.Z.), Neuroradiology (C.S., E.S., C.G., F.T.), and Otolaryngology (L.G., P.C.) Units, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; School of Medicine (G.P.), and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (F.T.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.</div></span></div><ul class="author-tooltip-find-more"><li class="author-tooltip-gs-link first"><a href="/lookup/google-scholar?link_type=googlescholar&amp;gs_type=author&amp;author%5B0%5D=F.%2BTriulzi%2B" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on Google Scholar</a></li><li class="author-tooltip-pubmed-link"><a href="/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Triulzi%20F&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Find this author on PubMed</a></li><li class="author-site-search-link"><a href="/search/author1%3AF.%2BTriulzi%2B" rel="nofollow" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Search for this author on this site</a></li><li class="author-orcid-link last"><a href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5428-7217" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">ORCID record for F. 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