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<meta name="DC.Description" content="SUMMARY: This review article explains the methodology of breath-hold cerebrovascular reactivity mapping, both in terms of acquisition and analysis, and reviews applications of this method to presurgical mapping, particularly with respect to blood oxygen level–dependent fMRI. Its main application in clinical fMRI is for the assessment of neurovascular uncoupling potential. Neurovascular uncoupling is potentially a major limitation of clinical fMRI, particularly in the setting of mass lesions in the brain such as brain tumors and intracranial vascular malformations that are associated with alterations in regional hemodynamics on either an acquired or congenital basis. As such, breath-hold cerebrovascular reactivity mapping constitutes an essential component of quality control analysis in clinical fMRI, particularly when performed for presurgical mapping of eloquent cortex. Exogenous carbon dioxide challenges used for cerebrovascular reactivity mapping will also be discussed, and their applications to the evaluation of cerebrovascular reserve and cerebrovascular disease will be described.

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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Cerebrovascular Reactivity Mapping: An Evolving Standard for Clinical Functional Imaging" />
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="SUMMARY: This review article explains the methodology of breath-hold cerebrovascular reactivity mapping, both in terms of acquisition and analysis, and reviews applications of this method to presurgical mapping, particularly with respect to blood oxygen level–dependent fMRI. Its main application in clinical fMRI is for the assessment of neurovascular uncoupling potential. Neurovascular uncoupling is potentially a major limitation of clinical fMRI, particularly in the setting of mass lesions in the brain such as brain tumors and intracranial vascular malformations that are associated with alterations in regional hemodynamics on either an acquired or congenital basis. As such, breath-hold cerebrovascular reactivity mapping constitutes an essential component of quality control analysis in clinical fMRI, particularly when performed for presurgical mapping of eloquent cortex. Exogenous carbon dioxide challenges used for cerebrovascular reactivity mapping will also be discussed, and their applications to the evaluation of cerebrovascular reserve and cerebrovascular disease will be described.

BH
:   breath-hold
BOLD
:   blood oxygen level–dependent
CO2
:   carbon dioxide
CVR
:   cerebrovascular reactivity
NVU
:   neurovascular uncoupling" />
<meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Cerebrovascular Reactivity Mapping: An Evolving Standard for Clinical Functional Imaging" />
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<meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="SUMMARY: This review article explains the methodology of breath-hold cerebrovascular reactivity mapping, both in terms of acquisition and analysis, and reviews applications of this method to presurgical mapping, particularly with respect to blood oxygen level–dependent fMRI. Its main application in clinical fMRI is for the assessment of neurovascular uncoupling potential. Neurovascular uncoupling is potentially a major limitation of clinical fMRI, particularly in the setting of mass lesions in the brain such as brain tumors and intracranial vascular malformations that are associated with alterations in regional hemodynamics on either an acquired or congenital basis. As such, breath-hold cerebrovascular reactivity mapping constitutes an essential component of quality control analysis in clinical fMRI, particularly when performed for presurgical mapping of eloquent cortex. Exogenous carbon dioxide challenges used for cerebrovascular reactivity mapping will also be discussed, and their applications to the evaluation of cerebrovascular reserve and cerebrovascular disease will be described.

BH
:   breath-hold
BOLD
:   blood oxygen level–dependent
CO2
:   carbon dioxide
CVR
:   cerebrovascular reactivity
NVU
:   neurovascular uncoupling" />
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      <div class="highwire-cite-title">Cerebrovascular Reactivity Mapping: An Evolving Standard for Clinical Functional Imaging</div>  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span  class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">J.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Pillai</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">D.J.</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Mikulis</span></span></span></div>
  
    	<div class="highwire-cite-metadata"><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-oa-ind highwire-cite-metadata"><i class="highwire-oa-indicator"></i> </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-journal highwire-cite-metadata">American Journal of Neuroradiology </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-date highwire-cite-metadata">Jan 2015, </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-volume highwire-cite-metadata">36 </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-issue highwire-cite-metadata">(1) </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-pages highwire-cite-metadata">7-13; </span><span  class="highwire-cite-metadata-doi highwire-cite-metadata"><span class="label">DOI:</span> 10.3174/ajnr.A3941 </span></div>
  
  
  
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